Exam 32: Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The fossil record shows that the jawed fishes called ____, which diversified in the Devonian and Carboniferous periods but left no direct descendants, had heads covered with large, heavy bony plates and jaws with sharp cutting edges. ​

Which structure is derived from an ancestral air-breathing lung in ray-finned fishes and is used to increase buoyancy? ​

Birds are living representatives of the ____ lineage. ​

The living descendants of the clade Reptilia include lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodiles, and birds.

The duck-billed platypus shares which trait with non-mammalian animals? ​

Tunicates, members of one major class of the ____ lineage, have tadpolelike larvae, but their sessile adult forms are usually encased in a leathery "tunic."

While lancelets, members of the lineage ____, live mostly buried in the sand in warm, shallow marine habitats, they do have well-developed segmented muscles and can move. ​

The tympanum and stapes are used in tetrapods for ____. ​

Despite great diversity, all vertebrates share which basic homeostatic mechanism(s)? ​

Which group is most closely related to humans? ​

Which mammalian lineage contains organisms that lay eggs? ​

Deuterostomia is a ____ lineage of animals that dates to the ____. ​

Members of the ___ Echinoderm lineage include sessile sea lilies and feather stars, which can swim or crawl as adults. ​

The pattern of locomotion used by gibbons and siamangs, in which they use their arms to hang below branches and swing forward, is called ____. ​

The ___ Echinoderm lineage is composed of sea stars, each with a central disk surrounded by 5 to 20 "arms." ​

Which feature is a unique, derived trait present in all birds?

Members of the ____ phylum have a unique water vascular system connected to tube feet that are used for movement. ​

The Anura, Caudata, and Gymnophiona clades are all part of the ____ lineage. ​