Exam 7: Learning From Experience

Studies conducted by ____________________ involve a doll named Bobo who showed that children could learn behaviors simply from observing others perform them.

Nicolaus and Nellis used classical conditioning to develop a taste aversion in mongooses.They allowed the animals to eat eggs that had been laced with carboachol, which caused the animals to become ill.Later, the mongooses showed an aversion to eggs.In this example of classical conditioning, the queasiness to eggs was:

Outline four different schedules of reinforcement, noting the pattern of responding each schedule would produce.For each schedule, explain how resistant to extinction the behavior would be.

Observational learning can be thought of as learning:

Damon's dorm room is next door to the bathroom.At the beginning of the term, Damon found his attention captured by each flush of a toilet.His behavior is an example of:

What are mirror neurons, and what implications do they have for observational learning?

Anton was dancing with his new girlfriend at an Elvis tribute.When the band started playing "Can't Help Falling in Love With You," his girlfriend gave him a long, passionate kiss, which Anton found very enjoyable.Now Anton finds that every time he hears "Can't Help Falling in Love With You" on the radio, he becomes mildly excited.In this example of classical conditioning, the unconditioned response is:

In classical conditioning, an environmental event that only elicits an observable reaction after training or experience is referred to as:

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments in which dogs salivated following the sounding of a bell, the dog's learning is an example of which of the following?

Psychologists use the term reinforcement to refer to something that ____________________ the likelihood of responding in a similar way again.

When Natasha was five years old she was terrified and became hysterical when her older brother dropped a spider down her shirt.Today, even the sight of a rubber spider is enough to make her agitated and uneasy.In this example of classical conditioning, the conditioned response is:

The diners' heads automatically turned toward the kitchen door at the sound of the dishes crashing.The diners' shift in attention illustrates the behavior that psychologists refer to as:

Seth watched the two shoplifters taken out of the store by the police.He put the CD he had planned to steal back on the shelf and never again tried to take anything without paying.This example illustrates:

Learning has occurred:

In learning theory, when a behavioral response becomes stronger after an individual observes a model being reinforced for the same behavior, the process at work is referred to as:

A strict interpretation of the law of effect would not be a good way to explain how rhesus monkeys learn a fear of snakes because:

In one study, the sound of a ticking metronome was paired with food, and a dog developed a conditioned response to the sound of the ticking metronome.Later, the same dog developed a conditioned response to the sight of a black square when it was paired with the ticking metronome, even though the ticking sound was no longer followed by food.The dog's response to the black square illustrates the classical conditioning process referred to as:

When Simon was fixing his doorbell last month, he received an electric shock.Now he is reluctant to do any more electrical work around the house.Based on what is known about operant conditioning, you should conclude that for Simon, the electric shock acted as a:

In classical conditioning, what occurs when a new stimulus adds no new information about the unconditioned stimulus?

The preschool teachers have started taking away play time when the class behaves badly.The teachers have started using which of the following as a way to reduce the likelihood that children will behave badly.