Question 1

Teaching Samantha the dog to salivate to the dinner bell is most similar to the work of which researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abraham Maslow 
B)  B. F. Skinner 
C)  Ivan Pavlov 
D)  Albert Bandura 
A)  Abraham Maslow 
B)  B. F. Skinner 
C)  Ivan Pavlov 
D)  Albert Bandura

Question 2

The adaptive value of feedback helps explain why much human learning, such as using a computer or playing a musical instrument, occur in the absence of obvious reinforcers, such as a food reward.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Regarding spanking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Most children show no signs of long-term damage from spanking if it is backed up by supportive parenting. 
B) Emotional damage does occur if spankings are severe, frequent, or coupled with harsh parenting. 
C) Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors. 
D) Anti-spanking laws have been passed in a number of countries around the world. 
A) Most children show no signs of long-term damage from spanking if it is backed up by supportive parenting. 
B) Emotional damage does occur if spankings are severe, frequent, or coupled with harsh parenting. 
C) Frequent spankings tend to decrease aggression and reduce problem behaviors. 
D) Anti-spanking laws have been passed in a number of countries around the world.

Question 4

You have a mental picture of how your city is organized so that you can easily take an alternate route if there is a traffic jam.Psychologists call this mental map a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) intuitive map. 
B) cognitive map. 
C) latent map. 
D) discovery map. 
A) intuitive map. 
B) cognitive map. 
C) latent map. 
D) discovery map.

Question 5

Ginger has been procrastinating on finishing her dissertation.So, in a formal agreement with her fiance, she draws up an agreement in which she states that she will meet weekly deadlines on the number of pages she will complete and the rewards she will receive, such as eating out at her favorite restaurant, and the consequences she will incur, such as chores she hates to do.Ginger and her fiance are utilizing _____ to help her finish her dissertation.

Accepted Answer

A) the Premack principle 
B) higher order conditioning 
C) a behavioral contract 
D) self-recording 
A) the Premack principle 
B) higher order conditioning 
C) a behavioral contract 
D) self-recording

Question 6

Your dog Samantha has always salivated to a dog biscuit, but you classically condition Sam to salivate to the dinner bell.In this example, the dinner bell would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) unconditioned stimulus. 
B) conditioned stimulus. 
C) unconditioned response. 
D) conditioned response. 
A) unconditioned stimulus. 
B) conditioned stimulus. 
C) unconditioned response. 
D) conditioned response.

Question 7

Explain the importance of antecedents and consequences for learning and which is more important in classical and in operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include that understanding l

Question 8

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother working his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

Accepted Answer

A) Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B) Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C) Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D) Mark did not observe his brother carefully enough to reproduce the calculations. 
A) Mark does not admire his older brother enough. 
B) Mark will not be reinforced by anyone if he works the math problems correctly. 
C) Mark is probably unable to reproduce the modeled behavior correctly. 
D) Mark did not observe his brother carefully enough to reproduce the calculations.

Question 9

When Little Albert showed fear not only to the white rat but also to the rabbit, the fur coat, and the Santa Claus mask, he was exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus discrimination. 
B) stimulus generalization. 
C) shaping. 
D) spontaneous recovery. 
A) stimulus discrimination. 
B) stimulus generalization. 
C) shaping. 
D) spontaneous recovery.

Question 10

When your professor give you back a graded test, seeing your errors and corrected answers provides you with ____________________ regarding your performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When your professor give you back a...

Question 11

An internal representation of relationships that acts as a guide is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive map. 
B) cognitive antecedent. 
C) eidetic image. 
D) non-operant response. 
A) cognitive map. 
B) cognitive antecedent. 
C) eidetic image. 
D) non-operant response.

Question 12

The key to any self-management program is punishment since it helps you decrease the unwanted behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A parent who relies heavily on the use of physical punishment for aggressive behavior in the home should be aware that this child-rearing practice is more likely to produce

Accepted Answer

A) children who engage in aggressive, impulsive, and antisocial behavior. 
B) complete extinction of the aggressive behavior. 
C) a prolonged period of submissive learned helplessness. 
D) a variety of learning disabilities. 
A) children who engage in aggressive, impulsive, and antisocial behavior. 
B) complete extinction of the aggressive behavior. 
C) a prolonged period of submissive learned helplessness. 
D) a variety of learning disabilities.

Question 14

_____ is achieved by watching and imitating the actions of another person or by noting the consequences of the person's actions.

Accepted Answer

A) Classical conditioning 
B) Operant conditioning 
C) Observational learning 
D) Response chaining 
A) Classical conditioning 
B) Operant conditioning 
C) Observational learning 
D) Response chaining

Question 15

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection, he responds fearfully when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of ____________________ classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child watches other children wince with...

Question 16

If you want to exercise more, attend more classes, concentrate longer, or read more books, one of the best solutions would be to

Accepted Answer

A) attend a Gestalt encounter group. 
B) use behavioral self-management. 
C) use systematic desensitization. 
D) learn and use self-hypnosis. 
A) attend a Gestalt encounter group. 
B) use behavioral self-management. 
C) use systematic desensitization. 
D) learn and use self-hypnosis.

Question 17

Regarding the three basic tools to control simple learning, ____________________ suppresses responses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regarding the three basic tools to control...

Question 18

Which of the following instances would be the most effective use of mild punishment in a behavioral contract?

Accepted Answer

A) A person wanting to lose weight sends money to a political candidate he detests if he does not meet a specified loss of weight by a weekly weigh-in. 
B) A person uses a metal cigarette holder with a tip that is heated by the burning tobacco to make smoking unpleasant. 
C) A person records the feedback of those around him in order to change his outlook and mood. 
D) A person has to spend an hour studying before he can watch half an hour of TV. 
A) A person wanting to lose weight sends money to a political candidate he detests if he does not meet a specified loss of weight by a weekly weigh-in. 
B) A person uses a metal cigarette holder with a tip that is heated by the burning tobacco to make smoking unpleasant. 
C) A person records the feedback of those around him in order to change his outlook and mood. 
D) A person has to spend an hour studying before he can watch half an hour of TV.

Question 19

Brandon wants to cut down on smoking.So, he removes ashtrays, matches, and extra cigarettes from his house and office, keeping them only in the car.Of the strategies listed in your textbook for breaking a bad habit, Brandon is using the one involving

Accepted Answer

A) breaking up response chaining. 
B) cues and antecedents. 
C) alternate responses. 
D) negative reinforcement. 
A) breaking up response chaining. 
B) cues and antecedents. 
C) alternate responses. 
D) negative reinforcement.

Question 20

In one classic experiment, children learned to hit a "Bo-Bo Clown" doll

Accepted Answer

A) through operant conditioning principles. 
B) by watching an adult model. 
C) through classical conditioning principles. 
D) in order to release anxiety and tension and become calmer. 
A) through operant conditioning principles. 
B) by watching an adult model. 
C) through classical conditioning principles. 
D) in order to release anxiety and tension and become calmer.

Exam 7: Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Teaching Samantha the dog to salivate to the dinner bell is most similar to the work of which researcher?

The adaptive value of feedback helps explain why much human learning, such as using a computer or playing a musical instrument, occur in the absence of obvious reinforcers, such as a food reward.

Regarding spanking, which of the following statements is FALSE?

You have a mental picture of how your city is organized so that you can easily take an alternate route if there is a traffic jam.Psychologists call this mental map a(n)

Your dog Samantha has always salivated to a dog biscuit, but you classically condition Sam to salivate to the dinner bell.In this example, the dinner bell would be a(n)

Explain the importance of antecedents and consequences for learning and which is more important in classical and in operant conditioning.

Six-year-old Mark watches his older brother working his algebra homework.The main reason that Mark will be unable to model his brother's mathematical calculations will be because

When Little Albert showed fear not only to the white rat but also to the rabbit, the fur coat, and the Santa Claus mask, he was exhibiting

When your professor give you back a graded test, seeing your errors and corrected answers provides you with ____________________ regarding your performance.

An internal representation of relationships that acts as a guide is referred to as a(n)

The key to any self-management program is punishment since it helps you decrease the unwanted behavior.

A parent who relies heavily on the use of physical punishment for aggressive behavior in the home should be aware that this child-rearing practice is more likely to produce

_____ is achieved by watching and imitating the actions of another person or by noting the consequences of the person's actions.

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection, he responds fearfully when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of ____________________ classical conditioning.

If you want to exercise more, attend more classes, concentrate longer, or read more books, one of the best solutions would be to

Regarding the three basic tools to control simple learning, ____________________ suppresses responses.

Which of the following instances would be the most effective use of mild punishment in a behavioral contract?

Brandon wants to cut down on smoking.So, he removes ashtrays, matches, and extra cigarettes from his house and office, keeping them only in the car.Of the strategies listed in your textbook for breaking a bad habit, Brandon is using the one involving

In one classic experiment, children learned to hit a "Bo-Bo Clown" doll

Introduction the Psychology

Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics