Question 1

Most (though not all) researchers believe that observed variations in IQ scores are due to

Accepted Answer

A)  heredity, not environmental factors. 
B)  environmental factors, not heredity. 
C)  the combined effects of both heredity and environmental factors. 
D)  neither heredity nor environmental factors. 
A)  heredity, not environmental factors. 
B)  environmental factors, not heredity. 
C)  the combined effects of both heredity and environmental factors. 
D)  neither heredity nor environmental factors.

Question 2

The psychologists who devised the IQ tests intentionally chose questions to make sure that the mean IQ scores would be

Accepted Answer

A)  equal for all racial and ethnic groups. 
B)  higher for adults than for children. 
C)  equal for educated and uneducated people. 
D)  equal for males and females. 
A)  equal for all racial and ethnic groups. 
B)  higher for adults than for children. 
C)  equal for educated and uneducated people. 
D)  equal for males and females.

Question 3

Spearman's theory has been called a monarchic theory of intelligence because it

Accepted Answer

A)  was first developed in Great Britain. 
B)  was a widely held belief among the aristocracy during the Middle ages. 
C)  included a single ability which was solely responsible for all performance. 
D)  included a dominant ability that ruled over lesser abilities. 
A)  was first developed in Great Britain. 
B)  was a widely held belief among the aristocracy during the Middle ages. 
C)  included a single ability which was solely responsible for all performance. 
D)  included a dominant ability that ruled over lesser abilities.

Question 4

The researcher who introduced the idea of the "g" factor in intelligence was

Accepted Answer

A)  Spearman. 
B)  Cattell. 
C)  Zimbardo. 
D)  Skinner. 
A)  Spearman. 
B)  Cattell. 
C)  Zimbardo. 
D)  Skinner.

Question 5

Francis Galton, a British scholar, was the first to argue

Accepted Answer

A)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is hereditary. 
B)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is mainly environmental. 
C)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is primarily due to early education. 
D)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is more likely to be seen in males compared to females. 
A)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is hereditary. 
B)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is mainly environmental. 
C)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is primarily due to early education. 
D)  that a tendency toward high intelligence is more likely to be seen in males compared to females.

Question 6

To determine whether an IQ test is "biased" against members of some group, the key information is whether or not the members of that group, on average

Accepted Answer

A)  get lower test scores than people in other groups. 
B)  do better in school than their test scores predict. 
C)  believe that the test is unfair to them. 
D)  find the questions hard to understand. 
A)  get lower test scores than people in other groups. 
B)  do better in school than their test scores predict. 
C)  believe that the test is unfair to them. 
D)  find the questions hard to understand.

Question 7

What percentage of people would we expect to score more than two standard deviations above the mean on an IQ test?

Accepted Answer

A)  2% 
B)  20-25% 
C)  50% 
D)  5% 
A)  2% 
B)  20-25% 
C)  50% 
D)  5%

Question 8

What is meant by crystallized intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence that increases and decreases from time to time 
B)  intelligence that is present in the same amount at all times 
C)  the ability to reason, use information, and gain new knowledge 
D)  acquired skills and knowledge and the application of that knowledge to familiar problems 
A)  intelligence that increases and decreases from time to time 
B)  intelligence that is present in the same amount at all times 
C)  the ability to reason, use information, and gain new knowledge 
D)  acquired skills and knowledge and the application of that knowledge to familiar problems

Question 9

The WAIS-III and the WISC-IV are similar tests, except that they are given to people of different

Accepted Answer

A)  ages. 
B)  languages. 
C)  intelligence levels. 
D)  disabilities. 
A)  ages. 
B)  languages. 
C)  intelligence levels. 
D)  disabilities.

Question 10

Suppose someone charges that the driver's license exam is "biased" against people with poor eyesight. To evaluate that claim, what evidence would be most important?

Accepted Answer

A)  If people take the same exam repeatedly, do they get about the same scores? 
B)  What percentage of people with poor vision pass the exam? 
C)  Does the exam accurately predict driving performances of people with poor vision? 
D)  Would some people get better scores on a different kind of exam? 
A)  If people take the same exam repeatedly, do they get about the same scores? 
B)  What percentage of people with poor vision pass the exam? 
C)  Does the exam accurately predict driving performances of people with poor vision? 
D)  Would some people get better scores on a different kind of exam?

Question 11

How long are people given when taking the current version of the Stanford-Binet?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 minutes 
B)  60 minutes 
C)  1 minute per question 
D)  an unlimited amount of time 
A)  10 minutes 
B)  60 minutes 
C)  1 minute per question 
D)  an unlimited amount of time

Question 12

What is necessary before a new test can be considered a standardized test?

Accepted Answer

A)  evidence that the test is equally fair to all groups 
B)  determination of the norms 
C)  comparison of the test with similar tests in its field 
D)  evaluation of the content of the test by established experts in the field 
A)  evidence that the test is equally fair to all groups 
B)  determination of the norms 
C)  comparison of the test with similar tests in its field 
D)  evaluation of the content of the test by established experts in the field

Question 13

If the questions on a given test accurately represent the information the test is supposed to cover, then we can say that the test has high

Accepted Answer

A)  predictive validity. 
B)  concurrent validity. 
C)  content validity. 
D)  utility. 
A)  predictive validity. 
B)  concurrent validity. 
C)  content validity. 
D)  utility.

Question 14

Davis performs very well on tests of logical reasoning and arithmetic and very poorly on tests of mechanical ability and spatial reasoning. This pattern of performance would be evidence against

Accepted Answer

A)  Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence. 
B)  Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. 
C)  Cattell's distinction between fluid and crystallized intelligence. 
D)  Spearman's "g" factor. 
A)  Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence. 
B)  Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. 
C)  Cattell's distinction between fluid and crystallized intelligence. 
D)  Spearman's "g" factor.

Question 15

The average IQ score

Accepted Answer

A)  is 100. 
B)  is higher in men than in women. 
C)  increases steadily from birth to old age. 
D)  has been steadily declining over the last three decades. 
A)  is 100. 
B)  is higher in men than in women. 
C)  increases steadily from birth to old age. 
D)  has been steadily declining over the last three decades.

Question 16

Stereotype threat research has illustrated a significant __________, simply by asking participants to indicate their race prior to the test.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in Black students' performances 
B)  decrease in Asian students' performances 
C)  increase in White students' performances 
D)  increase in female Asian students' performances 
A)  decrease in Black students' performances 
B)  decrease in Asian students' performances 
C)  increase in White students' performances 
D)  increase in female Asian students' performances

Question 17

When considering school performance, the predictive validity of most popular IQ tests range from about .3 to .6. These figures suggest that success in school depends

Accepted Answer

A)  almost exclusively on skills measured by the tests. 
B)  almost exclusively on skills NOT measured by the tests. 
C)  on a combination of skills, some of which are measured by the tests and some of which are not. 
D)  on random chance. 
A)  almost exclusively on skills measured by the tests. 
B)  almost exclusively on skills NOT measured by the tests. 
C)  on a combination of skills, some of which are measured by the tests and some of which are not. 
D)  on random chance.

Question 18

Suppose psychologists find that redheaded people get a lower mean score on some IQ test than do other people. What can we conclude about the possible bias of this test, or what additional information would we need before drawing a conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  We can conclude that the test is biased against redheads. 
B)  We can conclude that the test is not biased against redheads. 
C)  We cannot draw any conclusion yet. To determine whether the test is biased, we need to determine whether redheaded people do better in school than their test scores predict. 
D)  We cannot draw any conclusion yet. To determine whether the test is biased, we need to determine whether redheaded people think the test is unfair. 
A)  We can conclude that the test is biased against redheads. 
B)  We can conclude that the test is not biased against redheads. 
C)  We cannot draw any conclusion yet. To determine whether the test is biased, we need to determine whether redheaded people do better in school than their test scores predict. 
D)  We cannot draw any conclusion yet. To determine whether the test is biased, we need to determine whether redheaded people think the test is unfair.

Question 19

Intervention programs for children taken from extremely impoverished environments have shown that __________ can lead to significant, lasting benefits.

Accepted Answer

A)  even a short-term positive intervention 
B)  only intensive programs that last many hours per week over the course of several years 
C)  no known programs of intervention 
D)  meditation-based programs of intervention 
A)  even a short-term positive intervention 
B)  only intensive programs that last many hours per week over the course of several years 
C)  no known programs of intervention 
D)  meditation-based programs of intervention

Question 20

If a psychologist wanted to determine whether Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is correct, as opposed to Spearman's theory of the "g" factor, what type of information would the psychologist probably collect?

Accepted Answer

A)  information about the stability of individuals' IQ scores over a period of years 
B)  correlations between people's performances on many unrelated types of intelligent abilities 
C)  comparisons of the IQs of identical twins reared together and identical twins reared in separate environments 
D)  means and standard deviations for IQ scores of people in different parts of the world 
A)  information about the stability of individuals' IQ scores over a period of years 
B)  correlations between people's performances on many unrelated types of intelligent abilities 
C)  comparisons of the IQs of identical twins reared together and identical twins reared in separate environments 
D)  means and standard deviations for IQ scores of people in different parts of the world

Exam 9: Intelligence

Most (though not all) researchers believe that observed variations in IQ scores are due to

The psychologists who devised the IQ tests intentionally chose questions to make sure that the mean IQ scores would be

Spearman's theory has been called a monarchic theory of intelligence because it

The researcher who introduced the idea of the "g" factor in intelligence was

Francis Galton, a British scholar, was the first to argue

To determine whether an IQ test is "biased" against members of some group, the key information is whether or not the members of that group, on average

What percentage of people would we expect to score more than two standard deviations above the mean on an IQ test?

What is meant by crystallized intelligence?

The WAIS-III and the WISC-IV are similar tests, except that they are given to people of different

Suppose someone charges that the driver's license exam is "biased" against people with poor eyesight. To evaluate that claim, what evidence would be most important?

How long are people given when taking the current version of the Stanford-Binet?

What is necessary before a new test can be considered a standardized test?

If the questions on a given test accurately represent the information the test is supposed to cover, then we can say that the test has high

Davis performs very well on tests of logical reasoning and arithmetic and very poorly on tests of mechanical ability and spatial reasoning. This pattern of performance would be evidence against

The average IQ score

Stereotype threat research has illustrated a significant __________, simply by asking participants to indicate their race prior to the test.

When considering school performance, the predictive validity of most popular IQ tests range from about .3 to .6. These figures suggest that success in school depends

Suppose psychologists find that redheaded people get a lower mean score on some IQ test than do other people. What can we conclude about the possible bias of this test, or what additional information would we need before drawing a conclusion?

Intervention programs for children taken from extremely impoverished environments have shown that __________ can lead to significant, lasting benefits.

If a psychologist wanted to determine whether Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is correct, as opposed to Spearman's theory of the "g" factor, what type of information would the psychologist probably collect?

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

Memory

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

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