Question 1

When animals learn something in one location, they often forget it when tested in another due to

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding specificity. 
B)  the von Restorff effect. 
C)  episodic memory. 
D)  residual amnesia. 
A)  encoding specificity. 
B)  the von Restorff effect. 
C)  episodic memory. 
D)  residual amnesia.

Question 2

Reports of long-lost memories, prompted by clinical techniques, are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight biases. 
B)  recovered memories. 
C)  mnemonics. 
D)  repressed memories. 
A)  hindsight biases. 
B)  recovered memories. 
C)  mnemonics. 
D)  repressed memories.

Question 3

The "central executive" aspect of working memory is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  storing visual memories. 
B)  controlling muscle movements. 
C)  shifting attention. 
D)  rehearsing sounds. 
A)  storing visual memories. 
B)  controlling muscle movements. 
C)  shifting attention. 
D)  rehearsing sounds.

Question 4

People with Korsakoff's syndrome suffer from

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde, but not anterograde amnesia. 
B)  anterograde, but not retrograde amnesia. 
C)  both retrograde and anterograde amnesia. 
D)  neither retrograde nor anterograde amnesia. 
A)  retrograde, but not anterograde amnesia. 
B)  anterograde, but not retrograde amnesia. 
C)  both retrograde and anterograde amnesia. 
D)  neither retrograde nor anterograde amnesia.

Question 5

Infant amnesia is best described as a phenomenon that

Accepted Answer

A)  is clearly due to repression. 
B)  is clearly due to children's lack of language development. 
C)  is clearly due to slow maturation of the hippocampus. 
D)  has causes that are not yet fully understood. 
A)  is clearly due to repression. 
B)  is clearly due to children's lack of language development. 
C)  is clearly due to slow maturation of the hippocampus. 
D)  has causes that are not yet fully understood.

Question 6

Mnemonic devices are most useful helping people

Accepted Answer

A)  recover from brain damage. 
B)  remember how to drive a car. 
C)  improve episodic memory. 
D)  remember long lists of unrelated words. 
A)  recover from brain damage. 
B)  remember how to drive a car. 
C)  improve episodic memory. 
D)  remember long lists of unrelated words.

Question 7

Which cause of forgetting has been least supported by research?

Accepted Answer

A)  interference 
B)  decay 
C)  lack of retrieval cues 
D)  repression 
A)  interference 
B)  decay 
C)  lack of retrieval cues 
D)  repression

Question 8

Both proactive interference and retroactive interference

Accepted Answer

A)  are examples of mnemonic devices. 
B)  improve long-term memory. 
C)  improve short-term memory. 
D)  increase forgetting. 
A)  are examples of mnemonic devices. 
B)  improve long-term memory. 
C)  improve short-term memory. 
D)  increase forgetting.

Question 9

In Ebbinghaus's studies of memorization of nonsense syllables, who did the memorizing?

Accepted Answer

A)  students in Ebbinghaus's General Psychology course 
B)  mentally retarded adults 
C)  Ebbinghaus's children 
D)  Ebbinghaus himself 
A)  students in Ebbinghaus's General Psychology course 
B)  mentally retarded adults 
C)  Ebbinghaus's children 
D)  Ebbinghaus himself

Question 10

According to research, our short term memory store

Accepted Answer

A)  can hold only one item at a time. 
B)  can hold about seven items. 
C)  can hold about 25 (5x5 matrix) items. 
D)  has nearly unlimited capacity. 
A)  can hold only one item at a time. 
B)  can hold about seven items. 
C)  can hold about 25 (5x5 matrix) items. 
D)  has nearly unlimited capacity.

Question 11

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit 
B)  recall 
C)  recognition 
D)  cued recall 
A)  implicit 
B)  recall 
C)  recognition 
D)  cued recall

Question 12

When you are trying to memorize a list of words, the more you think about their meaning, the easier they will be to remember later. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  von Restorff effect. 
B)  state-dependent memory principle. 
C)  levels-of-processing principle. 
D)  method of loci. 
A)  von Restorff effect. 
B)  state-dependent memory principle. 
C)  levels-of-processing principle. 
D)  method of loci.

Question 13

The brain damage suffered by H.M. primarily resulted in problems with

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory. 
B)  the sensory store. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  declarative memory. 
A)  short-term memory. 
B)  the sensory store. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  declarative memory.

Question 14

The most reasonable conclusion concerning the decay of short-term memories is that

Accepted Answer

A)  memories are either stored in long-term memory or forgotten in about 18 seconds. 
B)  all types of information in short-term memory decay at the same rate. 
C)  there is no research evidence that supports the decay hypothesis. 
D)  some types of information of current concern can be maintained and updated for longer than 18 seconds even without constant rehearsal. 
A)  memories are either stored in long-term memory or forgotten in about 18 seconds. 
B)  all types of information in short-term memory decay at the same rate. 
C)  there is no research evidence that supports the decay hypothesis. 
D)  some types of information of current concern can be maintained and updated for longer than 18 seconds even without constant rehearsal.

Question 15

John needed to remember the last 10 presidents of the United States. He generated an image of each of the presidents located somewhere in his house. John used

Accepted Answer

A)  the method of loci. 
B)  the peg method. 
C)  retroactive interference. 
D)  savings. 
A)  the method of loci. 
B)  the peg method. 
C)  retroactive interference. 
D)  savings.

Question 16

Psychologists use the term memory to refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of retaining information as well as to the information retained. 
B)  the process of retaining information only. 
C)  the information retained only. 
D)  the process of retrieving information from the brain. 
A)  the process of retaining information as well as to the information retained. 
B)  the process of retaining information only. 
C)  the information retained only. 
D)  the process of retrieving information from the brain.

Question 17

Research on memory suggests that damage to the hippocampus

Accepted Answer

A)  is less likely to interfere with remembering details. 
B)  is more likely to interfere with simple memory tasks. 
C)  is more likely to interfere with difficult memory tasks. 
D)  is equally likely to interfere with both complex and simple memory tasks. 
A)  is less likely to interfere with remembering details. 
B)  is more likely to interfere with simple memory tasks. 
C)  is more likely to interfere with difficult memory tasks. 
D)  is equally likely to interfere with both complex and simple memory tasks.

Question 18

If you remember the events of moving into your current home, what type of memory is that?

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic 
B)  implicit 
C)  episodic 
D)  short-term 
A)  semantic 
B)  implicit 
C)  episodic 
D)  short-term

Question 19

Your memory will be more reliable if you use the same cue when you try to retrieve a memory that you used when you stored it. This is a statement of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding specificity principle 
B)  law of effect 
C)  von Restorff effect 
D)  depth-of-processing principle 
A)  encoding specificity principle 
B)  law of effect 
C)  von Restorff effect 
D)  depth-of-processing principle

Question 20

On which task would the patient H.M. show the best memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the name of current famous people such as the president 
B)  a short list of items recalled a few minutes later 
C)  matching the names to photos of currently popular actors 
D)  the names of physicians and attendants whom he sees every day 
A)  the name of current famous people such as the president 
B)  a short list of items recalled a few minutes later 
C)  matching the names to photos of currently popular actors 
D)  the names of physicians and attendants whom he sees every day

Exam 7: Memory

When animals learn something in one location, they often forget it when tested in another due to

Reports of long-lost memories, prompted by clinical techniques, are known as

The "central executive" aspect of working memory is responsible for

People with Korsakoff's syndrome suffer from

Infant amnesia is best described as a phenomenon that

Mnemonic devices are most useful helping people

Which cause of forgetting has been least supported by research?

Both proactive interference and retroactive interference

In Ebbinghaus's studies of memorization of nonsense syllables, who did the memorizing?

According to research, our short term memory store

Which method of testing memory is most likely to show signs of memory even in people who claim that they do not remember something at all?

When you are trying to memorize a list of words, the more you think about their meaning, the easier they will be to remember later. This is known as the

The brain damage suffered by H.M. primarily resulted in problems with

The most reasonable conclusion concerning the decay of short-term memories is that

John needed to remember the last 10 presidents of the United States. He generated an image of each of the presidents located somewhere in his house. John used

Psychologists use the term memory to refer to

Research on memory suggests that damage to the hippocampus

If you remember the events of moving into your current home, what type of memory is that?

Your memory will be more reliable if you use the same cue when you try to retrieve a memory that you used when you stored it. This is a statement of which of the following?

On which task would the patient H.M. show the best memory?

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

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