Question 1

After the patient H.M. suffered damage to his hippocampus, he suffered severe __________ and moderate __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde amnesia...anterograde amnesia 
B)  anterograde amnesia...retrograde amnesia 
C)  proactive interference...retroactive interference 
D)  retroactive interference...proactive interference 
A)  retrograde amnesia...anterograde amnesia 
B)  anterograde amnesia...retrograde amnesia 
C)  proactive interference...retroactive interference 
D)  retroactive interference...proactive interference

Question 2

Infant amnesia refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the inability to remember any events that occur before language has developed. 
B)  the near absence of procedural memory until age two or three. 
C)  the inability to form long term memories until the age of five years. 
D)  the near absence of early declarative memories. 
A)  the inability to remember any events that occur before language has developed. 
B)  the near absence of procedural memory until age two or three. 
C)  the inability to form long term memories until the age of five years. 
D)  the near absence of early declarative memories.

Question 3

The issue of whether patients can recover repressed memories of sexual abuse in childhood is an important one. A commission of therapists and researchers met to discuss the evidence, and the conclusion from this commission was that

Accepted Answer

A)  all memories recovered with the help of a therapist must be accurate. 
B)  repression is impossible, so recovered memories are also impossible. 
C)  scientific research cannot answer this question, so it must remain a mystery. 
D)  there was so much disagreement the therapists and researchers issued separate reports. 
A)  all memories recovered with the help of a therapist must be accurate. 
B)  repression is impossible, so recovered memories are also impossible. 
C)  scientific research cannot answer this question, so it must remain a mystery. 
D)  there was so much disagreement the therapists and researchers issued separate reports.

Question 4

Hindsight bias is the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimate how likely some event had seemed, after we know it already happened. 
B)  dislike the people who dislike us. 
C)  alter our perceptions and memories to match those of the other people we know. 
D)  remember pleasant events and forget unpleasant ones. 
A)  overestimate how likely some event had seemed, after we know it already happened. 
B)  dislike the people who dislike us. 
C)  alter our perceptions and memories to match those of the other people we know. 
D)  remember pleasant events and forget unpleasant ones.

Question 5

In the SPAR method, the letters S, P, A, and R stand for

Accepted Answer

A)  Scan, Perseverate, Attend, and Repeat 
B)  Sense, Perceive, Ask, and Review 
C)  Scan, Preview, Attend, and Repeat 
D)  Survey, Process, Ask, Review 
A)  Scan, Perseverate, Attend, and Repeat 
B)  Sense, Perceive, Ask, and Review 
C)  Scan, Preview, Attend, and Repeat 
D)  Survey, Process, Ask, Review

Question 6

The telephone company's use of area codes followed by different 4-digit phone numbers makes it easier to remember the numbers of several different friends because of

Accepted Answer

A)  chunking. 
B)  sensory storage. 
C)  the von Restorff effect. 
D)  matrix memory. 
A)  chunking. 
B)  sensory storage. 
C)  the von Restorff effect. 
D)  matrix memory.

Question 7

The tendency to remember the word cat instead of dog and mouse from the following list: cat, dog, mouse illustrates the

Accepted Answer

A)  primacy effect. 
B)  recency effect. 
C)  salience effect. 
D)  initial word effect. 
A)  primacy effect. 
B)  recency effect. 
C)  salience effect. 
D)  initial word effect.

Question 8

SPAR is a method for improving?

Accepted Answer

A)  how fast you read. 
B)  recovery from source amnesia. 
C)  the number of items you can hold in short-term memory. 
D)  understanding what you read. 
A)  how fast you read. 
B)  recovery from source amnesia. 
C)  the number of items you can hold in short-term memory. 
D)  understanding what you read.

Question 9

After students graduate from college, what happens to their memory of a foreign language that they studied in college?

Accepted Answer

A)  They continue to remember it without any loss for the rest of their lives. 
B)  Their memory fades for the first 3 to 6 years and remains fairly stable from then on. 
C)  Their memory fades gradually and steadily throughout the rest of their lives. 
D)  Their memory remains stable for the first 3 to 6 years and then begins to fade steadily from then on. 
A)  They continue to remember it without any loss for the rest of their lives. 
B)  Their memory fades for the first 3 to 6 years and remains fairly stable from then on. 
C)  Their memory fades gradually and steadily throughout the rest of their lives. 
D)  Their memory remains stable for the first 3 to 6 years and then begins to fade steadily from then on.

Question 10

Studies of the neurological patient H.M. and similar patients lead to the conclusion that

Accepted Answer

A)  people have several separate kinds of memories. 
B)  once something is learned, it is never completely forgotten. 
C)  the visual cortex is essential for all memories, even those that do not involve vision. 
D)  electrical stimulation of the brain can cause people to confuse a memory of one event with the memory of another, later event. 
A)  people have several separate kinds of memories. 
B)  once something is learned, it is never completely forgotten. 
C)  the visual cortex is essential for all memories, even those that do not involve vision. 
D)  electrical stimulation of the brain can cause people to confuse a memory of one event with the memory of another, later event.

Question 11

You memorize a list of paired associates including "RUBBER-BAND." Later someone asks you what word on the list refers to a group that plays music, and you do not think of the word BAND. Why not?

Accepted Answer

A)  serial-order effect 
B)  von Restorff effect 
C)  encoding specificity principle 
D)  depth-of-processing principle 
A)  serial-order effect 
B)  von Restorff effect 
C)  encoding specificity principle 
D)  depth-of-processing principle

Question 12

People read a list of words including PENDULUM. Later they are shown something like __E__D__L__M and they try to fill in the missing letters. Most get the correct answer (which is PENDULUM). What is unusual about this method of testing memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who can recite the list of words perfectly often fail to show any memory by this fill-in-the-blanks test. 
B)  People frequently show signs of memory according to this test although they are not able to recall the words on the list. 
C)  People actually show a stronger memory on this test the longer they wait after originally reading the list. 
D)  People often fill in the blanks incorrectly and then insist that the incorrect words were actually on the original list. 
A)  People who can recite the list of words perfectly often fail to show any memory by this fill-in-the-blanks test. 
B)  People frequently show signs of memory according to this test although they are not able to recall the words on the list. 
C)  People actually show a stronger memory on this test the longer they wait after originally reading the list. 
D)  People often fill in the blanks incorrectly and then insist that the incorrect words were actually on the original list.

Question 13

You say you cannot remember the geography you learned in junior high school. Someone tests whether you can relearn it faster than you learned it the first time. Which method of testing memory is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  savings 
B)  recognition 
C)  free recall 
D)  cued recall 
A)  savings 
B)  recognition 
C)  free recall 
D)  cued recall

Question 14

Researchers asked participants about two actual memories from childhood (provided by their parents) and one event that did not happen (confirmed by their parents) in first grade. Half the participants were given photographs of their first grade class (again provided by their parents) and the other half were not given photographs. The results of this study indicated that

Accepted Answer

A)  all participants correctly indicated the false event did not occur. 
B)  participants receiving the photograph were more likely to correctly report that the false event did not occur. 
C)  participants receiving the photograph were more likely to report memories for the false event. 
D)  all participants reported memories for the false event. 
A)  all participants correctly indicated the false event did not occur. 
B)  participants receiving the photograph were more likely to correctly report that the false event did not occur. 
C)  participants receiving the photograph were more likely to report memories for the false event. 
D)  all participants reported memories for the false event.

Question 15

The neurological patient H.M. has suffered a severe form of which kind of amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde amnesia for declarative memories 
B)  retrograde amnesia for short-term memories 
C)  retrograde amnesia for implicit memories 
D)  anterograde amnesia for procedural memories 
A)  anterograde amnesia for declarative memories 
B)  retrograde amnesia for short-term memories 
C)  retrograde amnesia for implicit memories 
D)  anterograde amnesia for procedural memories

Question 16

Which of the following is a conclusion that most psychologists would agree with regarding the memory for traumatic events?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some people have had abusive experiences in childhood that they later cannot remember. 
B)  Dissociation is the best explanation for memories that have been forgotten. 
C)  Recovering memories of traumatic events is necessary for effective therapy. 
D)  Any memory that a person has must be accurate. 
A)  Some people have had abusive experiences in childhood that they later cannot remember. 
B)  Dissociation is the best explanation for memories that have been forgotten. 
C)  Recovering memories of traumatic events is necessary for effective therapy. 
D)  Any memory that a person has must be accurate.

Question 17

Amnesia is a

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of sensation. 
B)  loss of memory. 
C)  mnemonic device. 
D)  memory for sensory events. 
A)  loss of sensation. 
B)  loss of memory. 
C)  mnemonic device. 
D)  memory for sensory events.

Question 18

Research with prisoners of war and children who have been kidnapped finds that people

Accepted Answer

A)  typically repress these memories. 
B)  typically recall the emotion, but not the content of these events. 
C)  have good recall of these events years later. 
D)  need therapy in order to recall the events. 
A)  typically repress these memories. 
B)  typically recall the emotion, but not the content of these events. 
C)  have good recall of these events years later. 
D)  need therapy in order to recall the events.

Question 19

When should students use the SPAR method described in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  when selecting the correct multiple choice answer 
B)  when reading a textbook 
C)  when taking an essay test 
D)  during fencing class 
A)  when selecting the correct multiple choice answer 
B)  when reading a textbook 
C)  when taking an essay test 
D)  during fencing class

Question 20

Memorizing a list of locations and then using them to help yourself remember a list of names is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  serial learning. 
B)  a mnemonic device. 
C)  implicit memory. 
D)  retroactive interference. 
A)  serial learning. 
B)  a mnemonic device. 
C)  implicit memory. 
D)  retroactive interference.

Exam 7: Memory

After the patient H.M. suffered damage to his hippocampus, he suffered severe __________ and moderate __________.

Infant amnesia refers to

The issue of whether patients can recover repressed memories of sexual abuse in childhood is an important one. A commission of therapists and researchers met to discuss the evidence, and the conclusion from this commission was that

Hindsight bias is the tendency to

In the SPAR method, the letters S, P, A, and R stand for

The telephone company's use of area codes followed by different 4-digit phone numbers makes it easier to remember the numbers of several different friends because of

The tendency to remember the word cat instead of dog and mouse from the following list: cat, dog, mouse illustrates the

SPAR is a method for improving?

After students graduate from college, what happens to their memory of a foreign language that they studied in college?

Studies of the neurological patient H.M. and similar patients lead to the conclusion that

You memorize a list of paired associates including "RUBBER-BAND." Later someone asks you what word on the list refers to a group that plays music, and you do not think of the word BAND. Why not?

People read a list of words including PENDULUM. Later they are shown something like __E__D__L__M and they try to fill in the missing letters. Most get the correct answer (which is PENDULUM). What is unusual about this method of testing memory?

You say you cannot remember the geography you learned in junior high school. Someone tests whether you can relearn it faster than you learned it the first time. Which method of testing memory is this?

The neurological patient H.M. has suffered a severe form of which kind of amnesia?

Which of the following is a conclusion that most psychologists would agree with regarding the memory for traumatic events?

Amnesia is a

Research with prisoners of war and children who have been kidnapped finds that people

When should students use the SPAR method described in the text?

Memorizing a list of locations and then using them to help yourself remember a list of names is an example of

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

Filters

After the patient H.M. suffered damage to his hippocampus, he suffered severe and moderate .

People read a list of words including PENDULUM. Later they are shown something like EDLM and they try to fill in the missing letters. Most get the correct answer (which is PENDULUM). What is unusual about this method of testing memory?