Question 1

Chuck's parents want him to learn to enjoy reading. Many psychologists would advise them not to pay him large rewards for reading. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  it interferes with his delay of gratification 
B)  externality hypothesis 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  overjustification effect 
A)  it interferes with his delay of gratification 
B)  externality hypothesis 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  overjustification effect

Question 2

People who develop anorexia nervosa are mostly described as having been __________ since early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  demanding and uncooperative 
B)  thin and indifferent to food 
C)  inactive 
D)  perfectionists 
A)  demanding and uncooperative 
B)  thin and indifferent to food 
C)  inactive 
D)  perfectionists

Question 3

In one study, men reporting to be bisexual were shown films of sex acts between two men or films of sex acts between two women. The researchers concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)  most men have equally strong sexual excitement about both male and female partners. 
B)  most of these men were more sexually excited by the female sex acts. 
C)  most of these men were not sexually excited by either men or women. 
D)  very few men have equally strong sexual excitement about both male and female partners. 
A)  most men have equally strong sexual excitement about both male and female partners. 
B)  most of these men were more sexually excited by the female sex acts. 
C)  most of these men were not sexually excited by either men or women. 
D)  very few men have equally strong sexual excitement about both male and female partners.

Question 4

Kinsey reported data concerning the percentage of people who engaged in various sex acts. Why should we be skeptical of the percentages he reported?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kinsey based his percentages on results from fewer than 1,000 people. 
B)  Kinsey had little skill as an interviewer and most people said he made them nervous. 
C)  Kinsey did not use a random or representative sample of the population. 
D)  Kinsey reported surprisingly little variation from one person to another. 
A)  Kinsey based his percentages on results from fewer than 1,000 people. 
B)  Kinsey had little skill as an interviewer and most people said he made them nervous. 
C)  Kinsey did not use a random or representative sample of the population. 
D)  Kinsey reported surprisingly little variation from one person to another.

Question 5

Clearly the amount of money an employee is paid is related to job satisfaction. In addition to the amount of pay, what other factor plays an important role in satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pay scale is perceived to be fair 
B)  the pay scale is perceived to be biased in favor of your particular social group 
C)  the pay scale is perceived to be weighted in favor of new employees 
D)  nothing; no factor other than the amount of pay is related to satisfaction 
A)  the pay scale is perceived to be fair 
B)  the pay scale is perceived to be biased in favor of your particular social group 
C)  the pay scale is perceived to be weighted in favor of new employees 
D)  nothing; no factor other than the amount of pay is related to satisfaction

Question 6

Playing the piano for the fun of it is an example of __________; playing the piano because one is being paid is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation...intrinsic motivation 
B)  intrinsic motivation...extrinsic motivation 
C)  drive...homeostasis 
D)  homeostasis...drive 
A)  extrinsic motivation...intrinsic motivation 
B)  intrinsic motivation...extrinsic motivation 
C)  drive...homeostasis 
D)  homeostasis...drive

Question 7

Which of the following illustrates the concept of delay of gratification?

Accepted Answer

A)  preferring $500 now rather than $1,000 one year from now 
B)  preferring $1,000 one year from now rather than $500 now 
C)  preferring a 1-in-1,000 chance at $10,000 rather than $10 for certain 
D)  preferring $10 for certain rather than a 1-in-1,000 chance at $10,000 
A)  preferring $500 now rather than $1,000 one year from now 
B)  preferring $1,000 one year from now rather than $500 now 
C)  preferring a 1-in-1,000 chance at $10,000 rather than $10 for certain 
D)  preferring $10 for certain rather than a 1-in-1,000 chance at $10,000

Question 8

Whether a person develops a male or female sexual anatomy depends mostly on what aspect of hormones in early development?

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone levels 
B)  estrogen levels 
C)  the ratio of testosterone to estrogen 
D)  difference between morning and evening hormone levels 
A)  testosterone levels 
B)  estrogen levels 
C)  the ratio of testosterone to estrogen 
D)  difference between morning and evening hormone levels

Question 9

When insulin levels are very high, glucose enters the cells of the body rapidly and much of it is stored as fat. If the insulin levels remain high, the stored fat cannot be used for energy. What happens to the person's appetite?

Accepted Answer

A)  The appetite becomes very strong. 
B)  The appetite is about the same as usual. 
C)  The appetite becomes very weak. 
D)  The appetite fluctuates sharply from moment to moment. 
A)  The appetite becomes very strong. 
B)  The appetite is about the same as usual. 
C)  The appetite becomes very weak. 
D)  The appetite fluctuates sharply from moment to moment.

Question 10

Bobby's parents want him to stop drawing on the walls. So for a few weeks they pay him to draw on the walls, then stop paying him. Sure enough, when they stop paying, he stops drawing. Which principle did his parents make use of?

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis 
B)  Maslow's hierarchy of needs 
C)  overjustification effect 
D)  externality hypothesis 
A)  homeostasis 
B)  Maslow's hierarchy of needs 
C)  overjustification effect 
D)  externality hypothesis

Question 11

Juan has received As and Bs in his first three semesters of college. Which of the following goals would be most effective in helping him to get straight As this semester?

Accepted Answer

A)  setting the high goal of getting straight As 
B)  publicly announce that his goal is to get Bs, but then secretly hope to get As 
C)  vow to himself that he will do his best this semester 
D)  setting a low goal of getting C to keep his confidence high 
A)  setting the high goal of getting straight As 
B)  publicly announce that his goal is to get Bs, but then secretly hope to get As 
C)  vow to himself that he will do his best this semester 
D)  setting a low goal of getting C to keep his confidence high

Question 12

Anorexia nervosa occurs most often in

Accepted Answer

A)  teenage boys. 
B)  teenage girls. 
C)  women in their early 40s. 
D)  men in their early 40s. 
A)  teenage boys. 
B)  teenage girls. 
C)  women in their early 40s. 
D)  men in their early 40s.

Question 13

According to recent surveys of random or representative samples of the American public, about what percentage of adult men have a predominantly gay (homosexual) orientation?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-4% 
B)  10% 
C)  15-20% 
D)  less than 0.5% 
A)  3-4% 
B)  10% 
C)  15-20% 
D)  less than 0.5%

Question 14

Most Pima Indians today are excessively overweight. The main reason is

Accepted Answer

A)  stress and emotional tension. 
B)  inability to produce the hormone aldosterone. 
C)  a virus that attacks their hypothalamus. 
D)  a combination of genetic predisposition and diet. 
A)  stress and emotional tension. 
B)  inability to produce the hormone aldosterone. 
C)  a virus that attacks their hypothalamus. 
D)  a combination of genetic predisposition and diet.

Question 15

One small structure that is present at the fetal stage for both males and females develops into a penis in males. What happens to that structure in females?

Accepted Answer

A)  It disappears completely. 
B)  It develops into a clitoris. 
C)  It develops into a vagina. 
D)  It develops into labia. 
A)  It disappears completely. 
B)  It develops into a clitoris. 
C)  It develops into a vagina. 
D)  It develops into labia.

Question 16

What causes anorexia?

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemical abnormalities in the brain 
B)  enlarged ventricles in the brain 
C)  cultural pressures to be thin 
D)  the causes are unknown 
A)  biochemical abnormalities in the brain 
B)  enlarged ventricles in the brain 
C)  cultural pressures to be thin 
D)  the causes are unknown

Question 17

Drive theories disagree with incentive theories of motivation with regard to how they answer the following question:

Accepted Answer

A)  Are all motivations equally strong or do some take priority over others? 
B)  Are the motivations of humans fundamentally similar to or different from the motivations of other species? 
C)  Does motivation depend on factors within the individual or on stimuli from the environment? 
D)  Are some people more motivated than others are because of differences in heredity or differences in environment? 
A)  Are all motivations equally strong or do some take priority over others? 
B)  Are the motivations of humans fundamentally similar to or different from the motivations of other species? 
C)  Does motivation depend on factors within the individual or on stimuli from the environment? 
D)  Are some people more motivated than others are because of differences in heredity or differences in environment?

Question 18

Anorexia nervosa is far more likely to occur in __________ than in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  African-Americans...European-Americans 
B)  African people...Japanese people 
C)  young children...teenagers 
D)  women...men 
A)  African-Americans...European-Americans 
B)  African people...Japanese people 
C)  young children...teenagers 
D)  women...men

Question 19

Kinsey's survey of human sexual behavior has been criticized because Kinsey

Accepted Answer

A)  interviewed only a few hundred people. 
B)  asked questions in a way that made people nervous. 
C)  reported only his general impressions rather than presenting percentages. 
D)  failed to obtain a random or representative sample of people. 
A)  interviewed only a few hundred people. 
B)  asked questions in a way that made people nervous. 
C)  reported only his general impressions rather than presenting percentages. 
D)  failed to obtain a random or representative sample of people.

Question 20

People who are suffering from anorexia nervosa

Accepted Answer

A)  run long distances or compete in sports. 
B)  have very little self-control. 
C)  spend most of the day sleeping or lying in bed. 
D)  find the very thought of food to be unpleasant. 
A)  run long distances or compete in sports. 
B)  have very little self-control. 
C)  spend most of the day sleeping or lying in bed. 
D)  find the very thought of food to be unpleasant.

Exam 11: Motivated Behaviors

Chuck's parents want him to learn to enjoy reading. Many psychologists would advise them not to pay him large rewards for reading. Why?

People who develop anorexia nervosa are mostly described as having been __________ since early childhood.

In one study, men reporting to be bisexual were shown films of sex acts between two men or films of sex acts between two women. The researchers concluded that

Kinsey reported data concerning the percentage of people who engaged in various sex acts. Why should we be skeptical of the percentages he reported?

Clearly the amount of money an employee is paid is related to job satisfaction. In addition to the amount of pay, what other factor plays an important role in satisfaction?

Playing the piano for the fun of it is an example of __________; playing the piano because one is being paid is an example of __________.

Which of the following illustrates the concept of delay of gratification?

Whether a person develops a male or female sexual anatomy depends mostly on what aspect of hormones in early development?

When insulin levels are very high, glucose enters the cells of the body rapidly and much of it is stored as fat. If the insulin levels remain high, the stored fat cannot be used for energy. What happens to the person's appetite?

Bobby's parents want him to stop drawing on the walls. So for a few weeks they pay him to draw on the walls, then stop paying him. Sure enough, when they stop paying, he stops drawing. Which principle did his parents make use of?

Juan has received As and Bs in his first three semesters of college. Which of the following goals would be most effective in helping him to get straight As this semester?

Anorexia nervosa occurs most often in

According to recent surveys of random or representative samples of the American public, about what percentage of adult men have a predominantly gay (homosexual) orientation?

Most Pima Indians today are excessively overweight. The main reason is

One small structure that is present at the fetal stage for both males and females develops into a penis in males. What happens to that structure in females?

What causes anorexia?

Drive theories disagree with incentive theories of motivation with regard to how they answer the following question:

Anorexia nervosa is far more likely to occur in __________ than in __________.

Kinsey's survey of human sexual behavior has been criticized because Kinsey

People who are suffering from anorexia nervosa

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

Memory

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

Filters

Playing the piano for the fun of it is an example of ; playing the piano because one is being paid is an example of .

Anorexia nervosa is far more likely to occur in than in .