Exam 29: Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

An emotional response that has been linked to a previously nonemotional stimulus by classical conditioning is called a(n)

Learned reactions worsen many cases of hypertension.For example,traffic jams and arguments with a spouse can trigger a dangerous rise in blood pressure because these situations have become

Which of the following is the weakening of a conditioned response through the removal of the connection between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus?

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

In a television commercial,an advertiser shows a party scene with many college-age students having a great time.The advertiser's product,a new lite­beer,is prominently displayed in the scene.This advertiser is hoping that his product will become associated with fun.Therefore,when a college student is in a store,he or she will associate this new beer will good feelings and fun.The advertiser is depending on which of the following to sell his product?

Classical conditioning occurs when the

In higher-order conditioning,the

In its simplest form,classical conditioning depends on

A child watches other children wince with pain as they receive hypodermic injections.Although the child has never received an injection,he responds fearfully when a needle is brought near him.His reaction is an example of _______ classical conditioning.

Which of the following is a dependable,inborn stimulus-and-response connection?

Gina likes to upset Tim by scratching her fingernails against the chalkboard as she enters their classroom.Now,whenever Gina enters a classroom that Tim is in,he automatically tenses up because he expects her to scratch the chalkboard.This explanation of Tim's behavior is consistent with

Acquiring a fear of thunder by watching your parents react to it in a fearful way illustrates

If the sound of a clap occurs just before a puff of air is delivered to the eye,the person will,after several repetitions,learn to blink to the sound of the clap.Blinking to the sound of the clap would be considered a

Stimulus generalization and higher-order conditioning can result in a limited fear becoming

Eye blink conditioning can be accomplished with individuals in

A child shows fear when sitting in a dentist's chair,but does not become frightened when he is placed in the similar­looking barber's chair.Regarding the two chairs,this child is exhibiting

A child who acquires a fear of a light socket because she saw someone else get shocked when he touched it is exhibiting

A child learns to be afraid of spiders by observing his parents' highly emotional and negative response to them.This demonstrates

What is meant by the statement,"Classical conditioning is a reversible process"?

After a response has been extinguished,it will often reappear after a short time has passed.This is referred to as a(n)__________.