Exam 7: Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Elderly people who were made aware of the stereotype of the elderly as having poor memories scored lower on a memory test than elderly people who were made aware of the stereotype of being wise. This is an example of stereotypical threat.

A flash of insight is the sudden realization of how a problem can be solved.

Parents with children in child care may be motivated to embrace research findings that emphasize the benefits of child care for young children and discount findings that emphasize the benefits of home-based care. This is an example of the belief-bias effect.

Scientific research on mental images suggests that we manipulate mental images in much the same way as we manipulate the actual objects that the images represent.

Looking at pictures of faces activates the fusiform face area (FFA) of the temporal lobe.

In the first stage of Bowers's two-stage model of intuition, perception plays an important role in the process.

Thinking involves manipulating mental representations of information in order to draw inferences and conclusions.

Mental age is a measurement of intelligence in which an individual's mental level is expressed in terms of the average abilities of a given age group.

To increase the likelihood of discovering a creative solution to a problem, you should avoid learning too much about the problem and wait for a flash of insight.

A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present is called a mental image.

In pursuing the goal of creativity, people need to acquire relevant knowledge, try different approaches, exert effort, and expect setbacks.

In comparing the average IQ for various racial groups, studies have shown that IQ scores for minority groups tend to be lower than the IQ score of the dominant group.

Functional fixedness can hamper attempts to solve problems because it prevents people from seeing the full range of potential uses for a familiar object.

Louis L. Thurstone believed that people have three primary mental abilities, which he referred to as multiple intelligences.

A problem-solving strategy that involves following a specific rule, procedure, or method, inevitably producing the correct solution, is referred to as a "heuristic."

Although there are stereotypes about many different kinds of groups, research has shown that the phenomenon of stereotype threat is limited to negative gender and racial stereotypes.

Functional neuroimaging studies indicate that imagining a face or place in the "mind's eye" evokes a stronger brain response than actually perceiving a face or place.

Although his intelligence tests were popular while he was alive, Wechsler's intelligence tests are no longer used today.

One way to determine whether an object is an instance of a natural concept is to compare it to a prototype of that natural concept.

One suggestion to enhance creative thinking is to engage in problem finding to recognize that a problem exists.