Question 1

Surrounding and protecting the brain and the spinal cord are three layers of membranous tissues called the:

Accepted Answer

A) neural stem cells. 
B) meninges. 
C) ventricles. 
D) neurons. 
A) neural stem cells. 
B) meninges. 
C) ventricles. 
D) neurons.

Question 2

The nodes of Ranvier are:

Accepted Answer

A) a type of neuron that communicates information from one neuron to another. 
B) the synaptic vesicles that contain neurotransmitters. 
C) the ion channels in the membrane of a neuron's axon that open and close during an action potential. 
D) small gaps in the myelin sheaths that cover some axons. 
A) a type of neuron that communicates information from one neuron to another. 
B) the synaptic vesicles that contain neurotransmitters. 
C) the ion channels in the membrane of a neuron's axon that open and close during an action potential. 
D) small gaps in the myelin sheaths that cover some axons.

Question 3

The primary communication link between the left and right cerebral hemispheres is called:

Accepted Answer

A) the hypothalamus. 
B) the hippocampus. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) the corpus callosum. 
A) the hypothalamus. 
B) the hippocampus. 
C) Broca's area. 
D) the corpus callosum.

Question 4

Standing at an arrival gate, you scan the faces of the passengers as they walk off the plane as you look for your friend. This visual information is being processed in your _____ lobe.

Accepted Answer

A) occipital 
B) parietal 
C) frontal 
D) temporal 
A) occipital 
B) parietal 
C) frontal 
D) temporal

Question 5

The discoveries of Pierre Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke:

Accepted Answer

A) provided compelling evidence that language and speech functions are lateralized on the right hemisphere. 
B) discredited the idea of cortical localization. 
C) provided compelling evidence that language and speech functions are lateralized on the left hemisphere. 
D) were later discredited by the work of psychologist Roger Sperry and his colleagues. 
A) provided compelling evidence that language and speech functions are lateralized on the right hemisphere. 
B) discredited the idea of cortical localization. 
C) provided compelling evidence that language and speech functions are lateralized on the left hemisphere. 
D) were later discredited by the work of psychologist Roger Sperry and his colleagues.

Question 6

The limbic system refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands. 
B) hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. 
C) thalamus, cerebellum, pons, medulla, and hypothalamus. 
D) parietal, occipital, frontal, and temporal lobes. 
A) hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands. 
B) hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. 
C) thalamus, cerebellum, pons, medulla, and hypothalamus. 
D) parietal, occipital, frontal, and temporal lobes.

Question 7

When neurotransmitters communicate an excitatory message to the postsynaptic neuron:

Accepted Answer

A) the postsynaptic neuron is more likely to generate an action potential. 
B) the presynaptic neuron is more likely to generate an action potential. 
C) the action potential is canceled out. 
D) reuptake is inhibited. 
A) the postsynaptic neuron is more likely to generate an action potential. 
B) the presynaptic neuron is more likely to generate an action potential. 
C) the action potential is canceled out. 
D) reuptake is inhibited.

Question 8

Each cerebral hemisphere can be roughly divided into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory information?

Accepted Answer

A) the frontal lobe 
B) the parietal lobe 
C) the temporal lobe 
D) the occipital lobe 
A) the frontal lobe 
B) the parietal lobe 
C) the temporal lobe 
D) the occipital lobe

Question 9

In general, the sympathetic nervous system _____, while the parasympathetic nervous system _____.

Accepted Answer

A) arouses and mobilizes; maintains and conserves 
B) transmits sensory information; transmits motor information 
C) maintains and conserves; arouses and mobilizes 
D) transmits motor information; transmits sensory information 
A) arouses and mobilizes; maintains and conserves 
B) transmits sensory information; transmits motor information 
C) maintains and conserves; arouses and mobilizes 
D) transmits motor information; transmits sensory information

Question 10

The two main divisions of the nervous system are the _____ and the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral nervous system; central nervous system 
B) central nervous system; autonomic nervous system 
C) brain; spinal cord 
D) autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system 
A) peripheral nervous system; central nervous system 
B) central nervous system; autonomic nervous system 
C) brain; spinal cord 
D) autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system

Question 11

Along with neurons, the human nervous system is made up of _____ cells which greatly outnumber neurons by about 10 to 1.

Accepted Answer

A) glial 
B) Ranvier 
C) dendritic 
D) polarized 
A) glial 
B) Ranvier 
C) dendritic 
D) polarized

Question 12

According to the Critical Thinking box in the text, "'His' and 'Her' Brains," which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Women's brains tend to be larger than men's brains. 
B) Women and men have different proportions of gray to white matter in their brains. 
C) In general, the male brain is more symmetrical and functions are less lateralized than in the female brain. 
D) Female brains possess a much higher proportion of white matter than male brains meaning they can process information much faster. 
A) Women's brains tend to be larger than men's brains. 
B) Women and men have different proportions of gray to white matter in their brains. 
C) In general, the male brain is more symmetrical and functions are less lateralized than in the female brain. 
D) Female brains possess a much higher proportion of white matter than male brains meaning they can process information much faster.

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE of glial cells?

Accepted Answer

A) They assist neurons by providing structural support and by removing waste products. 
B) They are neurons that specifically signal muscles to relax or contract. 
C) They are neurons that are specialized for conveying information to the brain from receptor cells in the sense organs and internal organs. 
D) They are a type of neuron whose primary function is to communicate information from one neuron to the next. 
A) They assist neurons by providing structural support and by removing waste products. 
B) They are neurons that specifically signal muscles to relax or contract. 
C) They are neurons that are specialized for conveying information to the brain from receptor cells in the sense organs and internal organs. 
D) They are a type of neuron whose primary function is to communicate information from one neuron to the next.

Question 14

The primary function of the myelin sheath is to:

Accepted Answer

A) reduce the speed of neurotransmitters crossing the synaptic gap. 
B) insulate the axon and increase the speed at which neurons convey their message. 
C) provide support and nutrition to the dendrites. 
D) inhibit the opening and closing of ion channels on the axon's membrane. 
A) reduce the speed of neurotransmitters crossing the synaptic gap. 
B) insulate the axon and increase the speed at which neurons convey their message. 
C) provide support and nutrition to the dendrites. 
D) inhibit the opening and closing of ion channels on the axon's membrane.

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding action potentials?

Accepted Answer

A) Partial action potentials result in fewer neurotransmitter molecules being released than whole action potentials. 
B) Action potentials operate under the "all-or-none law," which means that action potentials either move all sodium ions across the membrane or none of the sodium ions across the membrane. 
C) Once an action potential is started, it is self-sustaining and continues to the end of the axon. 
D) Action potentials regenerate themselves during their refractory periods when the axon membrane is depolarized. 
A) Partial action potentials result in fewer neurotransmitter molecules being released than whole action potentials. 
B) Action potentials operate under the "all-or-none law," which means that action potentials either move all sodium ions across the membrane or none of the sodium ions across the membrane. 
C) Once an action potential is started, it is self-sustaining and continues to the end of the axon. 
D) Action potentials regenerate themselves during their refractory periods when the axon membrane is depolarized.

Question 16

A neuroscientist would be MOST likely to study which of the following topics?

Accepted Answer

A) how conflict affects marital happiness 
B) which psychological test would best predict job success 
C) the age at which children start losing their baby teeth 
D) brain development during adolescence 
A) how conflict affects marital happiness 
B) which psychological test would best predict job success 
C) the age at which children start losing their baby teeth 
D) brain development during adolescence

Question 17

When President John F. Kennedy was hit by a sniper's bullet in the back of his head, he died almost instantly because the bullet destroyed the part of his brain called the _____, which controls breathing, heartbeat, and other vital body functions.

Accepted Answer

A) hippocampus 
B) medulla 
C) amygdala 
D) thalamus 
A) hippocampus 
B) medulla 
C) amygdala 
D) thalamus

Question 18

Kadeem has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. Which of the following neurotransmitters is associated with these anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) pepsin 
B) glucose 
C) GABA 
D) microglia 
A) pepsin 
B) glucose 
C) GABA 
D) microglia

Question 19

As you're eating lunch with a friend, you reach for your glass of water with your right hand, lift it to your lips, take a sip, and then set it down. This simple task involved:

Accepted Answer

A) only the primary motor cortex in the brain. 
B) neuroplasticity. 
C) multiple brain structures and regions communicating via neural pathways. 
D) just the right hemisphere of the brain. 
A) only the primary motor cortex in the brain. 
B) neuroplasticity. 
C) multiple brain structures and regions communicating via neural pathways. 
D) just the right hemisphere of the brain.

Question 20

Like a key in a lock, the shape of the _____ must fit the _____ to affect the postsynaptic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) dendrite; axon terminal 
B) cell body; axon terminal 
C) neurotransmitter; receptor site 
D) synaptic vesicle; receptor site 
A) dendrite; axon terminal 
B) cell body; axon terminal 
C) neurotransmitter; receptor site 
D) synaptic vesicle; receptor site

Exam 2: Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Surrounding and protecting the brain and the spinal cord are three layers of membranous tissues called the:

The nodes of Ranvier are:

The primary communication link between the left and right cerebral hemispheres is called:

Standing at an arrival gate, you scan the faces of the passengers as they walk off the plane as you look for your friend. This visual information is being processed in your _____ lobe.

The discoveries of Pierre Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke:

The limbic system refers to the:

When neurotransmitters communicate an excitatory message to the postsynaptic neuron:

Each cerebral hemisphere can be roughly divided into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory information?

In general, the sympathetic nervous system _____, while the parasympathetic nervous system _____.

The two main divisions of the nervous system are the _____ and the _____.

Along with neurons, the human nervous system is made up of _____ cells which greatly outnumber neurons by about 10 to 1.

According to the Critical Thinking box in the text, "'His' and 'Her' Brains," which of the following is TRUE?

Which of the following is TRUE of glial cells?

The primary function of the myelin sheath is to:

Which of the following is TRUE regarding action potentials?

A neuroscientist would be MOST likely to study which of the following topics?

When President John F. Kennedy was hit by a sniper's bullet in the back of his head, he died almost instantly because the bullet destroyed the part of his brain called the _____, which controls breathing, heartbeat, and other vital body functions.

Kadeem has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. Which of the following neurotransmitters is associated with these anxiety disorders?

As you're eating lunch with a friend, you reach for your glass of water with your right hand, lift it to your lips, take a sip, and then set it down. This simple task involved:

Like a key in a lock, the shape of the _____ must fit the _____ to affect the postsynaptic neuron.

Section 1: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 2: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 3: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 4: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 5: Introduction and Research Methods

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1: Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 2: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 3: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 5: Consciousness and Its Variations

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5: Learning

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 1: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 3: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 4: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 5: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Section 1: Motivation and Emotion

Section 2: Motivation and Emotion

Section 3: Motivation and Emotion

Section 4: Motivation and Emotion

Section 5: Motivation and Emotion

Section 1: Lifespan Development

Section 2: Lifespan Development

Section 3: Lifespan Development

Section 4: Lifespan Development

Section 5: Lifespan Development

Section 1: Personality

Section 2: Personality

Section 3: Personality

Section 4: Personality

Section 5: Personality

Section 1: Social Psychology

Section 2: Social Psychology

Section 3: Social Psychology

Section 4: Social Psychology

Section 5: Social Psychology

Section 1: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 2: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 3: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 4: Stress, Health, and Coping

Section 5: Stress, Health, and Coping

In general, the sympathetic nervous system _, while the parasympathetic nervous system _.

The two main divisions of the nervous system are the _ and the _.

Like a key in a lock, the shape of the _ must fit the _ to affect the postsynaptic neuron.