Question 1

What is anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

A) Anaphylaxis is a normal immune response to an allergen,which is an antigen that triggers an allergic reaction. 
B) Anaphylaxis is a condition that results from the production of antibodies directed against normal antigens in the body. 
C) Anaphylaxis is an inadequate immune responses due to problems with embryonic development of lymphoid organs and tissues,a viral infection,or treatment with or exposure to immunosuppressive agents. 
D) Anaphylaxis is an immune response to a circulating antigen that stimulates mast cells throughout the body to release chemicals that prompt the inflammatory response. 
E) Anaphylaxis is the excessive immune reaction of antibodies to a virus-infected cell. 
A) Anaphylaxis is a normal immune response to an allergen,which is an antigen that triggers an allergic reaction. 
B) Anaphylaxis is a condition that results from the production of antibodies directed against normal antigens in the body. 
C) Anaphylaxis is an inadequate immune responses due to problems with embryonic development of lymphoid organs and tissues,a viral infection,or treatment with or exposure to immunosuppressive agents. 
D) Anaphylaxis is an immune response to a circulating antigen that stimulates mast cells throughout the body to release chemicals that prompt the inflammatory response. 
E) Anaphylaxis is the excessive immune reaction of antibodies to a virus-infected cell.

Question 2

________ are clusters of lymphoid nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) Tonsils 
B) Adenoids 
C) Peyer's patches 
D) Immune complexes 
E) Lymph glands 
A) Tonsils 
B) Adenoids 
C) Peyer's patches 
D) Immune complexes 
E) Lymph glands

Question 3

Describe inflammation.

Accepted Answer

A) Inflammation is an increase in body temperature. 
B) Inflammation is a vascular response to injury to cause vasoconstriction and reduce blood loss. 
C) Inflammation is a localized response to injury characterized by redness,swelling,heat,and pain. 
D) Inflammation is the response of chemical messengers that coordinate defense against viral infections. 
E) Inflammation is the mechanism by which NK cells destroy abnormal cells in peripheral tissues. 
A) Inflammation is an increase in body temperature. 
B) Inflammation is a vascular response to injury to cause vasoconstriction and reduce blood loss. 
C) Inflammation is a localized response to injury characterized by redness,swelling,heat,and pain. 
D) Inflammation is the response of chemical messengers that coordinate defense against viral infections. 
E) Inflammation is the mechanism by which NK cells destroy abnormal cells in peripheral tissues.

Question 4

Identify the three major types of T cells activated by class I MHC proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) plasma T cells,memory T cells,and cytotoxic T cells 
B) cytotoxic T cells,memory T cells,and regulatory T cells 
C) memory T cells,regulatory T cells,and plasma T cells 
D) NK T cells,cytotoxic T cells,and helper T cells 
E) helper T cells,regulatory T cells,and memory T cells 
A) plasma T cells,memory T cells,and cytotoxic T cells 
B) cytotoxic T cells,memory T cells,and regulatory T cells 
C) memory T cells,regulatory T cells,and plasma T cells 
D) NK T cells,cytotoxic T cells,and helper T cells 
E) helper T cells,regulatory T cells,and memory T cells

Question 5

Fever is the maintenance of body temperature higher than

Accepted Answer

A) 37.2°C. 
B) 99°F. 
C) 98.6°F. 
D) either 37.2°C or 98.6°F. 
E) either 37.2°C or 99°F. 
A) 37.2°C. 
B) 99°F. 
C) 98.6°F. 
D) either 37.2°C or 98.6°F. 
E) either 37.2°C or 99°F.

Question 6

Briefly explain the role of complement proteins.

Accepted Answer

The complement proteins of the complemen

Question 7

If the thymus shrank and stopped functioning properly,we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of

Accepted Answer

A) B lymphocytes. 
B) NK cells. 
C) T cells. 
D) neutrophils. 
E) NK cells and T cells. 
A) B lymphocytes. 
B) NK cells. 
C) T cells. 
D) neutrophils. 
E) NK cells and T cells.

Question 8

Which cells produce antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) helper T cells 
C) natural killer cells 
D) memory B cells 
E) plasma cells 
A) cytotoxic T cells 
B) helper T cells 
C) natural killer cells 
D) memory B cells 
E) plasma cells

Question 9

What effect do pyrogens have in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyrogens decrease body temperature. 
B) Pyrogens induce fever,an increase in body temperature. 
C) Pyrogens cause vasodilation during inflammatory reactions. 
D) Pyrogens cause vasoconstriction during inflammatory reactions. 
E) Pyrogens induce the production of anti-viral proteins in the cytoplasm of normal cells. 
A) Pyrogens decrease body temperature. 
B) Pyrogens induce fever,an increase in body temperature. 
C) Pyrogens cause vasodilation during inflammatory reactions. 
D) Pyrogens cause vasoconstriction during inflammatory reactions. 
E) Pyrogens induce the production of anti-viral proteins in the cytoplasm of normal cells.

Question 10

All of the following are true of the secondary response to antigen exposure except that it

Accepted Answer

A) depends on memory B cells. 
B) results in much higher antibody titers than in the primary response. 
C) results in much quicker rise in antibody titers. 
D) produces more IgG antibodies. 
E) weakens quickly because memory B cells only survive for a year or two. 
A) depends on memory B cells. 
B) results in much higher antibody titers than in the primary response. 
C) results in much quicker rise in antibody titers. 
D) produces more IgG antibodies. 
E) weakens quickly because memory B cells only survive for a year or two.

Question 11

B cells are primarily activated by the activities of

Accepted Answer

A) antigens. 
B) antibodies. 
C) helper T cells. 
D) macrophages. 
E) plasma cells. 
A) antigens. 
B) antibodies. 
C) helper T cells. 
D) macrophages. 
E) plasma cells.

Question 12

T cells release cytokines to stimulate the activation of

Accepted Answer

A) APCs. 
B) B cells. 
C) antibodies. 
D) immunoglobulins. 
E) plasma cells. 
A) APCs. 
B) B cells. 
C) antibodies. 
D) immunoglobulins. 
E) plasma cells.

Question 13

Leslie has a bad sore throat,and the lymph glands in her neck are swollen.This would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A) the focus of the infection is the lymph glands. 
B) lymph is not flowing through these lymph glands. 
C) the affected lymph glands contain an increased number of lymphocytes. 
D) the lymph gland is actively producing phagocytes. 
E) the lymph gland has increased its secretion of thymosin. 
A) the focus of the infection is the lymph glands. 
B) lymph is not flowing through these lymph glands. 
C) the affected lymph glands contain an increased number of lymphocytes. 
D) the lymph gland is actively producing phagocytes. 
E) the lymph gland has increased its secretion of thymosin.

Question 14

Provide a plausible explanation for the increased incidence of cancer in the elderly.

Accepted Answer

The increased incidence of can

Question 15

A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody.This fluid is probably

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) serum. 
D) tears. 
E) interstitial. 
A) blood. 
B) lymph. 
C) serum. 
D) tears. 
E) interstitial.

Question 16

Beginning at the trabecular arteries,trace the path of blood through the spleen.

Accepted Answer

A) trabecular arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp - central arteries - sinusoids - capillaries - trabecular veins 
B) trabecular arteries - sinusoids - central arteries - capillaries - reticular tissue of red pulp - trabecular veins 
C) trabecular arteries - central arteries - capillaries - reticular tissue of red pulp - sinusoids - trabecular veins 
D) trabecular arteries - capillaries - trabecular veins - sinusoids - central arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp 
E) trabecular arteries - central arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp - sinusoids - capillaries - trabecular veins 
A) trabecular arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp - central arteries - sinusoids - capillaries - trabecular veins 
B) trabecular arteries - sinusoids - central arteries - capillaries - reticular tissue of red pulp - trabecular veins 
C) trabecular arteries - central arteries - capillaries - reticular tissue of red pulp - sinusoids - trabecular veins 
D) trabecular arteries - capillaries - trabecular veins - sinusoids - central arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp 
E) trabecular arteries - central arteries - reticular tissue of red pulp - sinusoids - capillaries - trabecular veins

Question 17

Defense of the body against a particular pathogen is provided by

Accepted Answer

A) nonspecific immunity. 
B) specific immunity. 
C) immunological surveillance. 
D) skin defenses. 
E) fever. 
A) nonspecific immunity. 
B) specific immunity. 
C) immunological surveillance. 
D) skin defenses. 
E) fever.

Question 18

Lymphocytes

Accepted Answer

A) are all actively phagocytic. 
B) destroy red blood cells. 
C) respond to antigens. 
D) are primarily found in red bone marrow. 
E) decrease in number during infection. 
A) are all actively phagocytic. 
B) destroy red blood cells. 
C) respond to antigens. 
D) are primarily found in red bone marrow. 
E) decrease in number during infection.

Question 19

How does innate immunity protect us from disease?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity protects us from disease

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding lymph is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Lymph derived from interstitial fluid. 
B) Lymphatic vessels have valves to direct fluid flow. 
C) Lymphatic capillaries have larger diameters than blood capillaries. 
D) Lacteals are prominent lymphatic vessels in the respiratory system. 
E) Lymphatic capillaries have little or no basement membrane. 
A) Lymph derived from interstitial fluid. 
B) Lymphatic vessels have valves to direct fluid flow. 
C) Lymphatic capillaries have larger diameters than blood capillaries. 
D) Lacteals are prominent lymphatic vessels in the respiratory system. 
E) Lymphatic capillaries have little or no basement membrane.

Exam 20: The Lymphatic System and Immunity

What is anaphylaxis?

________ are clusters of lymphoid nodules deep to the epithelial lining of the small intestine.

Describe inflammation.

Identify the three major types of T cells activated by class I MHC proteins.

Fever is the maintenance of body temperature higher than

Briefly explain the role of complement proteins.

If the thymus shrank and stopped functioning properly,we would expect to see an immediate decrease in the number of

Which cells produce antibodies?

What effect do pyrogens have in the body?

All of the following are true of the secondary response to antigen exposure except that it

B cells are primarily activated by the activities of

T cells release cytokines to stimulate the activation of

Leslie has a bad sore throat,and the lymph glands in her neck are swollen.This would indicate that

Provide a plausible explanation for the increased incidence of cancer in the elderly.

A crime scene investigator found that a biological fluid sample contains a large amount of IgA-type antibody.This fluid is probably

Beginning at the trabecular arteries,trace the path of blood through the spleen.

Defense of the body against a particular pathogen is provided by

Lymphocytes

How does innate immunity protect us from disease?

Which of the following statements regarding lymph is false?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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