Question 1

___ satisfies lower-order physiological needs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate compensation and benefits 
B)  Physical comfort on the job 
C)  Safe working conditions 
D)  Friendly co-workers 
E)  Creative and challenging work 
A)  Adequate compensation and benefits 
B)  Physical comfort on the job 
C)  Safe working conditions 
D)  Friendly co-workers 
E)  Creative and challenging work

Question 2

Terms such as confidence, competence, and ability are closely associated with (the)

Accepted Answer

A)  Herzberg's Two-factor Theory. 
B)  Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid. 
C)  Self-efficacy Theory. 
D)  William's Theory of Self. 
E)  Alderfer's ERG Theory. 
A)  Herzberg's Two-factor Theory. 
B)  Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid. 
C)  Self-efficacy Theory. 
D)  William's Theory of Self. 
E)  Alderfer's ERG Theory.

Question 3

Someone encourages us to perform a task. This is the self-efficacy enhancement method called

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal abuse. 
B)  vicarious modelling. 
C)  emotional arousal. 
D)  verbal persuasion. 
E)  listening effectively. 
A)  verbal abuse. 
B)  vicarious modelling. 
C)  emotional arousal. 
D)  verbal persuasion. 
E)  listening effectively.

Question 4

___ strengthens behaviour by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Vicarious modelling 
B)  Extinction 
C)  Punishment 
D)  Job rotation 
E)  Positive reinforcement 
A)  Vicarious modelling 
B)  Extinction 
C)  Punishment 
D)  Job rotation 
E)  Positive reinforcement

Question 5

According to Bandura's work, there are four ways to enhance self-efficacy: enactive mastery, vicarious modelling, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

___ is a reinforcement strategy that discourages behaviour by making the removal of a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative reinforcement 
B)  Vicarious modelling 
C)  Positive reinforcement 
D)  Extinction 
E)  Punishment 
A)  Negative reinforcement 
B)  Vicarious modelling 
C)  Positive reinforcement 
D)  Extinction 
E)  Punishment

Question 7

Enriching jobs through vertical loading can be accomplished by allowing people to do complete units of work, removing controls that limit people's discretion in their work, granting employees authority to make decisions regarding their work, and providing performance feedback.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Describe the core characteristics model of job enrichment. Explain how this model can provide guidance to practicing managers.

Accepted Answer

According to the core characteristics mo

Question 9

Benevolents are people who have a desire to be over-rewarded.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following satisfies social needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  adequate compensation and benefits 
B)  physical comfort on the job 
C)  safe working conditions 
D)  pleasant supervisor 
E)  promotion to higher status job 
A)  adequate compensation and benefits 
B)  physical comfort on the job 
C)  safe working conditions 
D)  pleasant supervisor 
E)  promotion to higher status job

Question 11

Peter believes in excelling in all the projects assigned to him and delivering beyond the expectations of his manager. Thus, Peter's manager may ask him to work independently on projects that allow him to use his knowledge and skills to the best of his abilities. Peter has a strong need for ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  affiliation 
B)  achievement 
C)  personal power 
D)  social power 
E)  relatedness 
A)  affiliation 
B)  achievement 
C)  personal power 
D)  social power 
E)  relatedness

Question 12

To use punishment effectively, managers should make sure the punishment matches the behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to the ERG theory proposed by Clayton Alderfer, relatedness needs are desires for

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological and material well-being. 
B)  recognition, responsibility, and job autonomy. 
C)  psychological growth and development. 
D)  personal growth and development. 
E)  satisfying interpersonal relationships. 
A)  physiological and material well-being. 
B)  recognition, responsibility, and job autonomy. 
C)  psychological growth and development. 
D)  personal growth and development. 
E)  satisfying interpersonal relationships.

Question 14

The equation "motivation = expectancy x instrumentality x valence" represents the relationships among the key variables in the expectancy theory of motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Physiological, safety, and social needs are ___, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  survival order needs 
B)  lower-order needs 
C)  higher-order needs 
D)  superior needs 
E)  inferior needs 
A)  survival order needs 
B)  lower-order needs 
C)  higher-order needs 
D)  superior needs 
E)  inferior needs

Question 16

One way to eliminate problems associated with job simplification by total mechanization of a job is ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  job sharing 
B)  job enrichment 
C)  automation 
D)  job enlargement 
E)  shaping 
A)  job sharing 
B)  job enrichment 
C)  automation 
D)  job enlargement 
E)  shaping

Question 17

The law of effect states that ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  every behaviour is the effect of some environmental motivator 
B)  every reward has some effect 
C)  behaviour that results in pleasant outcomes is likely to be repeated; behaviour that results in unpleasant outcomes is not likely to be repeated 
D)  the effects of an environmental response can be determined by monitoring behaviours 
E)  people can be motivated to perform both pleasant and unpleasant tasks 
A)  every behaviour is the effect of some environmental motivator 
B)  every reward has some effect 
C)  behaviour that results in pleasant outcomes is likely to be repeated; behaviour that results in unpleasant outcomes is not likely to be repeated 
D)  the effects of an environmental response can be determined by monitoring behaviours 
E)  people can be motivated to perform both pleasant and unpleasant tasks

Question 18

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low 
B)  instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low 
C)  valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low 
D)  expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high 
E)  expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero 
A)  expectancy is high and instrumentality and valence are low 
B)  instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low 
C)  valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low 
D)  expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high 
E)  expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero

Question 19

Employees who are employed on a part-time and temporary basis to supplement a permanent workforce are called ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  foreign workers 
B)  contingency workers 
C)  unreliable workers 
D)  entrepreneurs 
E)  technical workers 
A)  foreign workers 
B)  contingency workers 
C)  unreliable workers 
D)  entrepreneurs 
E)  technical workers

Question 20

When employees in an organization agree to cut back on their work hours so everyone can keep their jobs during a pending layoff, they are using the alternative work arrangement of work sharing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

___ satisfies lower-order physiological needs.

Terms such as confidence, competence, and ability are closely associated with (the)

Someone encourages us to perform a task. This is the self-efficacy enhancement method called

___ strengthens behaviour by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

According to Bandura's work, there are four ways to enhance self-efficacy: enactive mastery, vicarious modelling, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal.

___ is a reinforcement strategy that discourages behaviour by making the removal of a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

Enriching jobs through vertical loading can be accomplished by allowing people to do complete units of work, removing controls that limit people's discretion in their work, granting employees authority to make decisions regarding their work, and providing performance feedback.

Describe the core characteristics model of job enrichment. Explain how this model can provide guidance to practicing managers.

Benevolents are people who have a desire to be over-rewarded.

Which of the following satisfies social needs?

Peter believes in excelling in all the projects assigned to him and delivering beyond the expectations of his manager. Thus, Peter's manager may ask him to work independently on projects that allow him to use his knowledge and skills to the best of his abilities. Peter has a strong need for ___.

To use punishment effectively, managers should make sure the punishment matches the behaviour.

According to the ERG theory proposed by Clayton Alderfer, relatedness needs are desires for

The equation "motivation = expectancy x instrumentality x valence" represents the relationships among the key variables in the expectancy theory of motivation.

Physiological, safety, and social needs are ___, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

One way to eliminate problems associated with job simplification by total mechanization of a job is ___.

The law of effect states that ___.

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when ___.

Employees who are employed on a part-time and temporary basis to supplement a permanent workforce are called ___.

When employees in an organization agree to cut back on their work hours so everyone can keep their jobs during a pending layoff, they are using the alternative work arrangement of work sharing.

Introducing Management

Management Learning Past to Present

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Environment, Innovation, and Sustainability

Global Management and Cultural Diversity

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures

Information and Decision Making

Planning Processes and Techniques

Control Processes and Systems

Strategy and Strategic Management

Organization Structures and Design

Organization Culture and Change

Strategic Human Resource Management

Leading and Leadership Development

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Exam 16: Motivation Theory and Practice

___ satisfies lower-order physiological needs.

Terms such as confidence, competence, and ability are closely associated with (the)

Someone encourages us to perform a task. This is the self-efficacy enhancement method called

___ strengthens behaviour by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

According to Bandura's work, there are four ways to enhance self-efficacy: enactive mastery, vicarious modelling, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal.

___ is a reinforcement strategy that discourages behaviour by making the removal of a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.

Enriching jobs through vertical loading can be accomplished by allowing people to do complete units of work, removing controls that limit people's discretion in their work, granting employees authority to make decisions regarding their work, and providing performance feedback.

Describe the core characteristics model of job enrichment. Explain how this model can provide guidance to practicing managers.

Benevolents are people who have a desire to be over-rewarded.

Which of the following satisfies social needs?

Peter believes in excelling in all the projects assigned to him and delivering beyond the expectations of his manager. Thus, Peter's manager may ask him to work independently on projects that allow him to use his knowledge and skills to the best of his abilities. Peter has a strong need for ___.

To use punishment effectively, managers should make sure the punishment matches the behaviour.

According to the ERG theory proposed by Clayton Alderfer, relatedness needs are desires for

The equation "motivation = expectancy x instrumentality x valence" represents the relationships among the key variables in the expectancy theory of motivation.

Physiological, safety, and social needs are ___, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.

One way to eliminate problems associated with job simplification by total mechanization of a job is ___.

The law of effect states that ___.

The expectancy theory of motivation predicts that a person will be motivated to work hard when ___.

Employees who are employed on a part-time and temporary basis to supplement a permanent workforce are called ___.

When employees in an organization agree to cut back on their work hours so everyone can keep their jobs during a pending layoff, they are using the alternative work arrangement of work sharing.

Introducing Management

Management Learning Past to Present

Ethics and Social Responsibility

Environment, Innovation, and Sustainability

Global Management and Cultural Diversity

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures

Information and Decision Making

Planning Processes and Techniques

Control Processes and Systems

Strategy and Strategic Management

Organization Structures and Design

Organization Culture and Change

Strategic Human Resource Management

Leading and Leadership Development

Individual Behavior

Teams and Teamwork

Communication and Collaboration

Operations and Services Management

Filters