Exam 16: Motivation Theory and Practice

Jacintha is trying to improve her area's participation rate for her next project. She thinks MBO will be useful because it brings supervisors and subordinates together in a process of goal setting and performance review.

Unfulfilled needs have very little to do with a worker's attitude or behaviour.

In promoting job enrichment, Frederick Herzberg says: "If you want people to do a good job, give them a good job to do."

Which of the following is not true of job rotation?

In McClelland's motivation theory, the need for ___ is the desire to control, influence, or be responsible for other people.

The frustration-regression principle of ERG theory holds that an already satisfied, lower-level need becomes reactivated and can influence behaviour when a higher-level need cannot be satisfied.

The job design approach that involves standardizing work procedures so that people work in well-defined and highly specialized tasks is known as ___.

Two of the practical managerial questions regarding work motivation are: Why do some people work enthusiastically? Why do some people do only the minimum needed to avoid reprimand or termination?

___ increases task variety by combining into one job two or more tasks previously done by separate workers.

___ is a process of arranging work tasks for individuals and groups.

Which of the following states that an already satisfied need can become reactivated when a higher-level need is blocked?

Job rotation can broaden people's understanding of different jobs and enable workers to experience greater task variety.

According to the diagnostic approach of Hackman and associates in the Job Characteristics Model, job satisfaction and performance are influenced by

When a supervisor adds planning and evaluating duties to a worker's responsibilities, the supervisor has enriched the job by increasing ___.

Kevin, a young graduate, wanted to get a job and work hard to become an assistant manager in a year's time. Now that he is an assistant manager after more than a year's struggle, Kevin seems to have become complacent and does not seem to have the same drive as he had a year ago. Which of the following does Kevin's situation exemplify?

People who feel underpaid may attempt to restore equity by increasing the quantity of work, increasing the quality of work, taking on more difficult assignments, or working overtime.

Nick, the marketing manager of an electronics manufacturing company, is impressed with the work of his subordinate, James, and hence grants additional authority to James to report directly to the company's chief marketing officer and board of directors with all his marketing strategies. Nick's decision to increase James's responsibilities could be viewed as an initiative of ___.

Bretzell manages a production facility that is currently having a hard time keeping up with orders. To get his workers to agree to work on the weekends and delay their vacations so that they can get caught up, he offers them days off in exchange. Which reinforcement strategy was Justin using on his employees?

An operant conditioning strategy designed to strengthen or increase the frequency of behaviour by making a pleasant consequence contingent on the occurrence of the behaviour is called positive reinforcement.

___ is an arrangement that allows at least a portion of scheduled work hours to be completed outside the office.