Question 1

Ideal clinical decision making is a three-legged stool upheld by clinical expertise, knowledge of the patient, and

Accepted Answer

A)  transference. 
B)  a token economy. 
C)  research evidence. 
D)  neurogenesis. 
A)  transference. 
B)  a token economy. 
C)  research evidence. 
D)  neurogenesis.

Question 2

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to inflated estimates of the value of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

Accepted Answer

A)  meta-analysis 
B)  stress inoculation training 
C)  the double-blind procedure 
D)  the placebo effect 
A)  meta-analysis 
B)  stress inoculation training 
C)  the double-blind procedure 
D)  the placebo effect

Question 3

The value of light exposure therapy appears to result in part from its influence on people's

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones. 
B)  therapeutic alliance. 
C)  tardive dyskinesia. 
D)  visual acuity. 
A)  hormones. 
B)  therapeutic alliance. 
C)  tardive dyskinesia. 
D)  visual acuity.

Question 4

Hans Eysenck's summary of 24 early psychotherapy outcome studies suggested that patient improvement was not necessarily the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  psychotherapy. 
D)  human resilience. 
A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  psychotherapy. 
D)  human resilience.

Question 5

Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates

Accepted Answer

A)  the therapeutic alliance. 
B)  an eclectic approach. 
C)  progressive relaxation. 
D)  neurogenesis. 
A)  the therapeutic alliance. 
B)  an eclectic approach. 
C)  progressive relaxation. 
D)  neurogenesis.

Question 6

The psychotherapeutic value of hope is best illustrated by

Accepted Answer

A)  meta-analysis. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  transference. 
D)  active listening. 
A)  meta-analysis. 
B)  the placebo effect. 
C)  transference. 
D)  active listening.

Question 7

More than 9 in 10 New Yorkers, although stunned and grief-stricken by the 9/11 terrorist attack, did not have a dysfunctional stress reaction. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  tardive dyskinesia. 
C)  resistance. 
D)  resilience. 
A)  systematic desensitization. 
B)  tardive dyskinesia. 
C)  resistance. 
D)  resilience.

Question 8

Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  transference 
B)  EMDR 
C)  systematic desensitization 
D)  light exposure therapy 
A)  transference 
B)  EMDR 
C)  systematic desensitization 
D)  light exposure therapy

Question 9

The best psychotherapy outcome studies are randomized clinical trials comparing treatment groups with ________ groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  eclectic 
B)  token economy 
C)  control 
D)  virtual reality 
A)  eclectic 
B)  token economy 
C)  control 
D)  virtual reality

Question 10

Increasingly, insurer and government support for mental health services requires

Accepted Answer

A)  client-centered therapy. 
B)  stress inoculation training. 
C)  evidence-based practice. 
D)  a token economy. 
A)  client-centered therapy. 
B)  stress inoculation training. 
C)  evidence-based practice. 
D)  a token economy.

Question 11

Clients' perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are often misleading because clients

Accepted Answer

A)  typically underestimate how much they have improved as a result of therapy. 
B)  tend to focus on their behavioral changes rather than on changes in their attitudes and emotions. 
C)  often need to convince themselves that they didn't waste their money on therapy. 
D)  are often angry about the time-consuming nature of therapy. 
A)  typically underestimate how much they have improved as a result of therapy. 
B)  tend to focus on their behavioral changes rather than on changes in their attitudes and emotions. 
C)  often need to convince themselves that they didn't waste their money on therapy. 
D)  are often angry about the time-consuming nature of therapy.

Question 12

A Consumer Reports survey found that the level of satisfaction with psychotherapy among clients

Accepted Answer

A)  was strongly linked to whether their therapists had extensive training and experience. 
B)  was unrelated to whether they were seen by therapists in a group or in an individual context. 
C)  depended on whether they had been treated by a psychiatrist or psychologist, rather than by a social worker. 
D)  was greatest among those who had also received an alternative neurostimulation therapy. 
A)  was strongly linked to whether their therapists had extensive training and experience. 
B)  was unrelated to whether they were seen by therapists in a group or in an individual context. 
C)  depended on whether they had been treated by a psychiatrist or psychologist, rather than by a social worker. 
D)  was greatest among those who had also received an alternative neurostimulation therapy.

Question 13

Which of the following is most clearly a key contributor to the formation of the therapeutic alliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  progressive relaxation 
B)  an eclectic approach 
C)  patient transference 
D)  an empathic therapist 
A)  progressive relaxation 
B)  an eclectic approach 
C)  patient transference 
D)  an empathic therapist

Question 14

Cognitive therapies have achieved especially favorable results in the treatment of

Accepted Answer

A)  phobias. 
B)  depression. 
C)  compulsions. 
D)  bed-wetting. 
A)  phobias. 
B)  depression. 
C)  compulsions. 
D)  bed-wetting.

Question 15

Therapists' perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are likely to be misleading because

Accepted Answer

A)  therapists typically minimize the seriousness of their clients' symptoms when therapy begins. 
B)  clients typically emphasize their problems at the start of therapy and their well-being at the end of therapy. 
C)  clients tend to focus on their observable behavioral problems rather than on their mental and emotional abilities. 
D)  therapists typically overestimate their clients' potential levels of adjustment. 
A)  therapists typically minimize the seriousness of their clients' symptoms when therapy begins. 
B)  clients typically emphasize their problems at the start of therapy and their well-being at the end of therapy. 
C)  clients tend to focus on their observable behavioral problems rather than on their mental and emotional abilities. 
D)  therapists typically overestimate their clients' potential levels of adjustment.

Question 16

Which phenomenon refers to the tendency for extraordinary or unusual events to be followed by more ordinary events?

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect 
B)  systematic desensitization 
C)  regression toward the mean 
D)  progressive relaxation 
A)  the placebo effect 
B)  systematic desensitization 
C)  regression toward the mean 
D)  progressive relaxation

Exam 53: A: Evaluating Psychotherapies

Ideal clinical decision making is a three-legged stool upheld by clinical expertise, knowledge of the patient, and

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to inflated estimates of the value of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?

The value of light exposure therapy appears to result in part from its influence on people's

Hans Eysenck's summary of 24 early psychotherapy outcome studies suggested that patient improvement was not necessarily the result of

Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates

The psychotherapeutic value of hope is best illustrated by

More than 9 in 10 New Yorkers, although stunned and grief-stricken by the 9/11 terrorist attack, did not have a dysfunctional stress reaction. This best illustrates

Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms?

The best psychotherapy outcome studies are randomized clinical trials comparing treatment groups with ________ groups.

Increasingly, insurer and government support for mental health services requires

Clients' perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are often misleading because clients

A Consumer Reports survey found that the level of satisfaction with psychotherapy among clients

Which of the following is most clearly a key contributor to the formation of the therapeutic alliance?

Cognitive therapies have achieved especially favorable results in the treatment of

Therapists' perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are likely to be misleading because

Which phenomenon refers to the tendency for extraordinary or unusual events to be followed by more ordinary events?

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

A: Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

A: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Basic Motivational Concepts and Hunger