Question 1

Syntax refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  correct arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences. 
B)  derivation of meaning from sounds. 
C)  smallest speech unit that carries meaning. 
D)  the effect of thinking on language. 
A)  correct arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences. 
B)  derivation of meaning from sounds. 
C)  smallest speech unit that carries meaning. 
D)  the effect of thinking on language.

Question 2

Research on the language capabilities of apes indicates that they cannot

Accepted Answer

A)  translate spoken words into signs. 
B)  acquire a vocabulary of more than two dozen signs. 
C)  use signs to communicate with other members of their own species. 
D)  grammatically order language symbols as well as most 3-year-old children. 
A)  translate spoken words into signs. 
B)  acquire a vocabulary of more than two dozen signs. 
C)  use signs to communicate with other members of their own species. 
D)  grammatically order language symbols as well as most 3-year-old children.

Question 3

The women's basketball team at the University of Tennessee improved in free-throw shooting after practicing

Accepted Answer

A)  outcome simulations. 
B)  mental imagery. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  determinism. 
A)  outcome simulations. 
B)  mental imagery. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  determinism.

Question 4

Spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning constitute

Accepted Answer

A)  semantics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  grammar. 
D)  language. 
A)  semantics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  grammar. 
D)  language.

Question 5

The ability to comprehend the meaning of speech is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax. 
B)  productive language. 
C)  receptive language. 
D)  semantics. 
A)  syntax. 
B)  productive language. 
C)  receptive language. 
D)  semantics.

Question 6

A system of rules for deriving meaning from sounds and for ordering words into sentences is called

Accepted Answer

A)  grammar. 
B)  an algorithm. 
C)  receptive language. 
D)  linguistic determinism. 
A)  grammar. 
B)  an algorithm. 
C)  receptive language. 
D)  linguistic determinism.

Question 7

The fact that all human languages have nouns, verbs, and adjectives led Noam Chomsky to refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  linguistic determinism. 
B)  universal grammar. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  statistical learning. 
A)  linguistic determinism. 
B)  universal grammar. 
C)  telegraphic speech. 
D)  statistical learning.

Question 8

When Fred pronounced the words "this" and "that," he noticed that they share a common

Accepted Answer

A)  prototype. 
B)  morpheme. 
C)  syntax. 
D)  phoneme. 
A)  prototype. 
B)  morpheme. 
C)  syntax. 
D)  phoneme.

Question 9

Noam Chomsky argues that children's readiness to learn language is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  telegraphic speech. 
B)  outcome simulation. 
C)  universal grammar. 
D)  biological predisposition. 
A)  telegraphic speech. 
B)  outcome simulation. 
C)  universal grammar. 
D)  biological predisposition.

Question 10

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

Accepted Answer

A)  speak in single words that may be barely recognizable. 
B)  imitate adult syntax. 
C)  make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language. 
D)  alternate equally between verbal and manual babbling. 
A)  speak in single words that may be barely recognizable. 
B)  imitate adult syntax. 
C)  make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language. 
D)  alternate equally between verbal and manual babbling.

Question 11

The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area. 
B)  the motor cortex. 
C)  Wernicke's area. 
D)  the sensory cortex. 
A)  Broca's area. 
B)  the motor cortex. 
C)  Wernicke's area. 
D)  the sensory cortex.

Question 12

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word "arms" referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  semantics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  prototypes. 
A)  semantics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  prototypes.

Question 13

Which of the following was cited by Whorf as evidence in support of the linguistic determinism hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The generic pronoun "he" is just as likely to trigger images of women as of men. 
B)  People with no words for colors can still perceive color differences. 
C)  The Hopi cannot readily think about the past because their language has no past tense for verbs. 
D)  Chimpanzees can use signs and gestures to communicate with other members of their own species. 
A)  The generic pronoun "he" is just as likely to trigger images of women as of men. 
B)  People with no words for colors can still perceive color differences. 
C)  The Hopi cannot readily think about the past because their language has no past tense for verbs. 
D)  Chimpanzees can use signs and gestures to communicate with other members of their own species.

Question 14

Babies' first demonstration of productive language occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  prior to the babbling stage. 
B)  during the babbling stage. 
C)  during the one-word stage. 
D)  during the two-word stage. 
A)  prior to the babbling stage. 
B)  during the babbling stage. 
C)  during the one-word stage. 
D)  during the two-word stage.

Question 15

Introductory psychology students were more likely to achieve a good midterm exam grade if prior to the exam they repeatedly practiced visual imagery that involved

Accepted Answer

A)  receptive language. 
B)  an outcome simulation. 
C)  productive language. 
D)  a process simulation. 
A)  receptive language. 
B)  an outcome simulation. 
C)  productive language. 
D)  a process simulation.

Question 16

The auditory cortex is especially likely to become responsive to visual input for those who

Accepted Answer

A)  hear with the aid of a cochlear implant. 
B)  see with the aid of eyeglasses. 
C)  have been deaf from birth. 
D)  have been blind from birth. 
A)  hear with the aid of a cochlear implant. 
B)  see with the aid of eyeglasses. 
C)  have been deaf from birth. 
D)  have been blind from birth.

Question 17

After two minutes of exposure to an unbroken monotone string of nonsense syllables, infants could recognize three-syllable sequences that appeared repeatedly. This best illustrates the importance of ________ in language development.

Accepted Answer

A)  process simulation 
B)  babbling 
C)  statistical learning 
D)  telegraphic speech 
A)  process simulation 
B)  babbling 
C)  statistical learning 
D)  telegraphic speech

Question 18

Damage to different cortical areas results in different forms of aphasia. This best illustrates that language processing involves multiple

Accepted Answer

A)  prototypes. 
B)  semantics. 
C)  critical periods. 
D)  neural networks. 
A)  prototypes. 
B)  semantics. 
C)  critical periods. 
D)  neural networks.

Question 19

Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  early adulthood. 
D)  late adulthood. 
A)  childhood. 
B)  adolescence. 
C)  early adulthood. 
D)  late adulthood.

Question 20

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development.

Accepted Answer

A)  syntactic 
B)  babbling 
C)  one-word 
D)  telegraphic speech 
A)  syntactic 
B)  babbling 
C)  one-word 
D)  telegraphic speech

Exam 28: A: Language and Thought

Syntax refers to the

Research on the language capabilities of apes indicates that they cannot

The women's basketball team at the University of Tennessee improved in free-throw shooting after practicing

Spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning constitute

The ability to comprehend the meaning of speech is called

A system of rules for deriving meaning from sounds and for ordering words into sentences is called

The fact that all human languages have nouns, verbs, and adjectives led Noam Chomsky to refer to

When Fred pronounced the words "this" and "that," he noticed that they share a common

Noam Chomsky argues that children's readiness to learn language is a(n)

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word "arms" referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

Which of the following was cited by Whorf as evidence in support of the linguistic determinism hypothesis?

Babies' first demonstration of productive language occurs

Introductory psychology students were more likely to achieve a good midterm exam grade if prior to the exam they repeatedly practiced visual imagery that involved

The auditory cortex is especially likely to become responsive to visual input for those who

After two minutes of exposure to an unbroken monotone string of nonsense syllables, infants could recognize three-syllable sequences that appeared repeatedly. This best illustrates the importance of ________ in language development.

Damage to different cortical areas results in different forms of aphasia. This best illustrates that language processing involves multiple

Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development.

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

A: Assessing Intelligence