Question 1

The existence of convincing scientific evidence that ESP is possible would pose the greatest challenge to the

Accepted Answer

A)  contemporary scientific understanding of human nature. 
B)  continued existence of parapsychology. 
C)  continuation of research on the processes that underlie ordinary forms of sensation and perception. 
D)  ordinary belief systems of most Americans. 
A)  contemporary scientific understanding of human nature. 
B)  continued existence of parapsychology. 
C)  continuation of research on the processes that underlie ordinary forms of sensation and perception. 
D)  ordinary belief systems of most Americans.

Question 2

Our assumption that light typically comes from above us contributes most directly to the importance of ________ as a monocular cue for depth perception.

Accepted Answer

A)  interposition 
B)  retinal disparity 
C)  light and shadow 
D)  linear perspective 
A)  interposition 
B)  retinal disparity 
C)  light and shadow 
D)  linear perspective

Question 3

The fovea refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the outer protective surface of the eye. 
B)  a coiled, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear. 
C)  an area of the thalamus that receives information from the optic nerve. 
D)  the central focal point in the retina. 
A)  the outer protective surface of the eye. 
B)  a coiled, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear. 
C)  an area of the thalamus that receives information from the optic nerve. 
D)  the central focal point in the retina.

Question 4

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  transduction. 
B)  accommodation. 
C)  sensory adaptation. 
D)  parallel processing. 
A)  transduction. 
B)  accommodation. 
C)  sensory adaptation. 
D)  parallel processing.

Question 5

When we look at a clock showing 8 A.M., certain brain cells in our visual cortex are more responsive than when the hands show 10 A.M. This is most indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory interaction. 
B)  feature detection. 
C)  perceptual adaptation. 
D)  accommodation. 
A)  sensory interaction. 
B)  feature detection. 
C)  perceptual adaptation. 
D)  accommodation.

Question 6

Wavelength is to ________ as ________ is to brightness.

Accepted Answer

A)  hue; intensity 
B)  intensity; hue 
C)  frequency; amplitude 
D)  brightness; hue 
A)  hue; intensity 
B)  intensity; hue 
C)  frequency; amplitude 
D)  brightness; hue

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct order of the structures through which light passes after entering the eye?

Accepted Answer

A)  lens, pupil, cornea, retina 
B)  pupil, cornea, lens, retina 
C)  pupil, lens, cornea, retina 
D)  cornea, pupil, lens, retina 
A)  lens, pupil, cornea, retina 
B)  pupil, cornea, lens, retina 
C)  pupil, lens, cornea, retina 
D)  cornea, pupil, lens, retina

Question 8

Although a few keys on the piano were broken, Shana mentally filled in the missing notes of the familiar melodies. This best illustrates the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  proximity. 
B)  closure. 
C)  blindsight. 
D)  interposition. 
A)  proximity. 
B)  closure. 
C)  blindsight. 
D)  interposition.

Question 9

The transduction of light energy into nerve impulses takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A)  iris. 
B)  retina. 
C)  lens. 
D)  optic nerve. 
A)  iris. 
B)  retina. 
C)  lens. 
D)  optic nerve.

Question 10

A door casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on our retinas as it opens, yet we still perceive it as rectangular. This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  retinal disparity. 
B)  interposition. 
C)  shape constancy. 
D)  linear perspective. 
A)  retinal disparity. 
B)  interposition. 
C)  shape constancy. 
D)  linear perspective.

Question 11

According to the opponent-process theory, cells that are turned "on" by

Accepted Answer

A)  green light are turned "off" by blue light. 
B)  yellow light are turned "off" by red light. 
C)  green light are turned "off" by red light. 
D)  red light are turned "off" by blue light. 
A)  green light are turned "off" by blue light. 
B)  yellow light are turned "off" by red light. 
C)  green light are turned "off" by red light. 
D)  red light are turned "off" by blue light.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding scientific investigations of precognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  A growing body of research demonstrates that some people are truly "psychic." 
B)  Studies that seem to provide evidence of precognitive ability have been criticized for being badly flawed. 
C)  The search for a valid test of ESP has resulted in only a handful of studies. 
D)  All of these statements are true. 
A)  A growing body of research demonstrates that some people are truly "psychic." 
B)  Studies that seem to provide evidence of precognitive ability have been criticized for being badly flawed. 
C)  The search for a valid test of ESP has resulted in only a handful of studies. 
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 13

If an adult who was blind from birth gains the ability to see, that person would have the greatest difficulty visually distinguishing

Accepted Answer

A)  circles from squares. 
B)  the Sun from the Moon. 
C)  red from green. 
D)  a white cloud from the blue sky. 
A)  circles from squares. 
B)  the Sun from the Moon. 
C)  red from green. 
D)  a white cloud from the blue sky.

Question 14

Rods are

Accepted Answer

A)  more light-sensitive and more color-sensitive than are cones. 
B)  less light-sensitive and less color-sensitive than are cones. 
C)  more light-sensitive and less color-sensitive than are cones. 
D)  less light-sensitive and more color-sensitive than are cones. 
A)  more light-sensitive and more color-sensitive than are cones. 
B)  less light-sensitive and less color-sensitive than are cones. 
C)  more light-sensitive and less color-sensitive than are cones. 
D)  less light-sensitive and more color-sensitive than are cones.

Question 15

Grass seen through sunglasses appears equally as green as it does without glasses. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  Weber's law. 
B)  sensory interaction. 
C)  accommodation. 
D)  color constancy. 
A)  Weber's law. 
B)  sensory interaction. 
C)  accommodation. 
D)  color constancy.

Question 16

Mr. Logwood's eyewitness perceptions of a car accident were influenced by his inborn ways of organizing sensory experiences, his learned schemas, and by other eyewitnesses' reactions to the car accident. An integrated understanding of Mr. Logwood's perceptions of the accident is most clearly provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  opponent-process theory. 
B)  trichromatic theory. 
C)  a biopsychosocial approach. 
D)  signal detection. 
A)  opponent-process theory. 
B)  trichromatic theory. 
C)  a biopsychosocial approach. 
D)  signal detection.

Question 17

One light may appear reddish and another greenish if they differ in

Accepted Answer

A)  wavelength. 
B)  amplitude. 
C)  opponent processes. 
D)  brightness. 
A)  wavelength. 
B)  amplitude. 
C)  opponent processes. 
D)  brightness.

Question 18

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

Accepted Answer

A)  large when it is near the horizon. 
B)  large when it is high in the sky. 
C)  bright when it is near the horizon. 
D)  bright when it is high in the sky. 
A)  large when it is near the horizon. 
B)  large when it is high in the sky. 
C)  bright when it is near the horizon. 
D)  bright when it is high in the sky.

Question 19

The extrasensory ability to perceive an automobile accident taking place in a distant location is to ________ as the extrasensory ability to know at any moment exactly what your best friend is thinking is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  telepathy; precognition 
B)  precognition; psychokinesis 
C)  psychokinesis; clairvoyance 
D)  clairvoyance; telepathy 
A)  telepathy; precognition 
B)  precognition; psychokinesis 
C)  psychokinesis; clairvoyance 
D)  clairvoyance; telepathy

Question 20

Each time you see your car, it projects a different image on the retinas of your eyes, yet you do not perceive it as changing. This is because of

Accepted Answer

A)  closure. 
B)  retinal disparity. 
C)  perceptual constancy. 
D)  figure-ground. 
A)  closure. 
B)  retinal disparity. 
C)  perceptual constancy. 
D)  figure-ground.

Exam 18: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The existence of convincing scientific evidence that ESP is possible would pose the greatest challenge to the

Our assumption that light typically comes from above us contributes most directly to the importance of ________ as a monocular cue for depth perception.

The fovea refers to

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song best illustrates

When we look at a clock showing 8 A.M., certain brain cells in our visual cortex are more responsive than when the hands show 10 A.M. This is most indicative of

Wavelength is to ________ as ________ is to brightness.

Which of the following is the correct order of the structures through which light passes after entering the eye?

Although a few keys on the piano were broken, Shana mentally filled in the missing notes of the familiar melodies. This best illustrates the principle of

The transduction of light energy into nerve impulses takes place in the

A door casts an increasingly trapezoidal image on our retinas as it opens, yet we still perceive it as rectangular. This illustrates

According to the opponent-process theory, cells that are turned "on" by

Which of the following is true regarding scientific investigations of precognition?

If an adult who was blind from birth gains the ability to see, that person would have the greatest difficulty visually distinguishing

Rods are

Grass seen through sunglasses appears equally as green as it does without glasses. This best illustrates

One light may appear reddish and another greenish if they differ in

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

The extrasensory ability to perceive an automobile accident taking place in a distant location is to ________ as the extrasensory ability to know at any moment exactly what your best friend is thinking is to ________.

Each time you see your car, it projects a different image on the retinas of your eyes, yet you do not perceive it as changing. This is because of

The Story of Psychology

A: the Story of Psychology

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

A: Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

Research Strategies

A: Research Strategies

Neural and Hormonal Systems

A: Neural and Hormonal Systems

Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

A: Tools of Discovery and Older Brain Structures

The Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

A: the Cerebral Cortex and Our Divided Brain

Brain States and Consciousness

A: Brain States and Consciousness

Sleep and Dreams

A: Sleep and Dreams

Hypnosis

A: Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

A: Drugs and Consciousness

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

A: Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

A: Culture, Gender, and Other Environmental Influences

Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

A: Developmental Issues, Prenatal Development

Infancy and Childhood

A: Infancy and Childhood

Adolescence

A: Adolescence

Adulthood

A: Adulthood

Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception

A: Vision and Perceptual Organization and Interpretation

The Nonvisual Senses

A: the Nonvisual Senses

Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

A: Basic Learning Concepts and Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

A: Operant Conditioning

Effects of Biology and Cognition

A: Effects of Biology and Cognition

Studying and Building Memories

A: Studying and Building Memories

Storage- Retaining Information in the Brain

A: Storage A: Retaining Information in the Brain

Retrieval

A: Retrieval

Forgetting, Memory Construction

A: Forgetting, Memory Construction

Thinking

A: Thinking

Language and Thought

A: Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

A: Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

A: Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Wavelength is to as is to brightness.

The extrasensory ability to perceive an automobile accident taking place in a distant location is to as the extrasensory ability to know at any moment exactly what your best friend is thinking is to .