Question 1

Which of the following treatments would enhance the level of the Pfr form of phytochrome?

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to far-red light 
B) exposure to red light 
C) long dark period 
D) inhibition of protein synthesis 
A) exposure to far-red light 
B) exposure to red light 
C) long dark period 
D) inhibition of protein synthesis

Question 2

Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for the activation of lateral buds to grow into new branches?

Accepted Answer

A) cytokinin 
B) ethylene 
C) abscisic acid 
D) auxin 
A) cytokinin 
B) ethylene 
C) abscisic acid 
D) auxin

Question 3

In extremely cold regions,woody species may survive freezing temperatures by

Accepted Answer

A) emptying water from the vacuoles to prevent freezing. 
B) decreasing the numbers of phospholipids in cell membranes. 
C) decreasing the fluidity of all cellular membranes. 
D) increasing cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations,such as sugars. 
A) emptying water from the vacuoles to prevent freezing. 
B) decreasing the numbers of phospholipids in cell membranes. 
C) decreasing the fluidity of all cellular membranes. 
D) increasing cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations,such as sugars.

Question 4

Which part of the plant structure synthesizes cytokinins primarily?

Accepted Answer

A) shoot apical meristem 
B) roots 
C) ripened fruits 
D) almost all plant parts 
A) shoot apical meristem 
B) roots 
C) ripened fruits 
D) almost all plant parts

Question 5

In a tissue culture experiment,parenchyma tissue was used as a source to develop a new plant.However,the parenchyma tissue did not have enough hormones,so a group of undifferentiated cells,called callus,formed.Which one of the following could happen if the callus was supplemented with specific hormones?

Accepted Answer

A) Callus supplemented with auxin would produce shoot buds. 
B) Callus supplemented with cytokinin would produce leaves. 
C) Callus supplemented with auxin and cytokinin would produce root and shoot buds,respectively. 
D) Callus supplemented with auxin and cytokinin would produce shoot buds and roots,respectively. 
A) Callus supplemented with auxin would produce shoot buds. 
B) Callus supplemented with cytokinin would produce leaves. 
C) Callus supplemented with auxin and cytokinin would produce root and shoot buds,respectively. 
D) Callus supplemented with auxin and cytokinin would produce shoot buds and roots,respectively.

Question 6

If you were shipping green bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away,which of the following chemicals would you want to eliminate from the plants' environment?

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) cytokinins 
C) ethylene 
D) auxin 
A) CO2 
B) cytokinins 
C) ethylene 
D) auxin

Question 7

Statoliths are responsible for plants to exhibit

Accepted Answer

A) thigmotropism. 
B) positive gravitropism. 
C) positive phototropism. 
D) negative gravitropism. 
A) thigmotropism. 
B) positive gravitropism. 
C) positive phototropism. 
D) negative gravitropism.

Question 8

If the range of a species of plants expands to a higher latitude,which of the following processes is the most likely to be modified by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) circadian rhythm 
B) photoperiodic response 
C) phototropic response 
D) biological clock 
A) circadian rhythm 
B) photoperiodic response 
C) phototropic response 
D) biological clock

Question 9

A plant will recognize a pathogenic invader

Accepted Answer

A) if it has many specific plant disease resistance (R)genes. 
B) when the pathogen has an R gene complementary to the plant's antivirulence (Avr)gene. 
C) only if the pathogen and the plant have the same R genes. 
D) if it has the specific R gene that corresponds to the pathogen molecule encoded by an Avr gene. 
A) if it has many specific plant disease resistance (R)genes. 
B) when the pathogen has an R gene complementary to the plant's antivirulence (Avr)gene. 
C) only if the pathogen and the plant have the same R genes. 
D) if it has the specific R gene that corresponds to the pathogen molecule encoded by an Avr gene.

Question 10

Auxins are produced mainly in

Accepted Answer

A) leaves. 
B) root tips. 
C) shoot tips. 
D) fruits. 
A) leaves. 
B) root tips. 
C) shoot tips. 
D) fruits.

Question 11

A botanist discovers a plant that lacks the ability to form starch grains in root cells,yet the roots still grow downward.This evidence refutes the long-standing hypothesis that

Accepted Answer

A) falling statoliths trigger gravitropism. 
B) starch accumulation triggers the negative phototropic response of roots. 
C) starch grains block the acid growth response in roots. 
D) starch is converted to auxin,which causes the downward bending in roots. 
A) falling statoliths trigger gravitropism. 
B) starch accumulation triggers the negative phototropic response of roots. 
C) starch grains block the acid growth response in roots. 
D) starch is converted to auxin,which causes the downward bending in roots.

Question 12

When plants exhibit generalized defense responses in organs distant from the infection site,this is termed

Accepted Answer

A) a hyperactive response. 
B) systemic acquired resistance. 
C) pleiotropy. 
D) hyperplasia. 
A) a hyperactive response. 
B) systemic acquired resistance. 
C) pleiotropy. 
D) hyperplasia.

Question 13

Almost all plant cells have the ability to produce abscisic acid.One of the functions of abscisic acid in plants is to

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate cell elongation. 
B) regulate development of fruit. 
C) promote stomatal closure during drought stress. 
D) delay leaf senescence. 
A) stimulate cell elongation. 
B) regulate development of fruit. 
C) promote stomatal closure during drought stress. 
D) delay leaf senescence.

Question 14

Charles and Francis Darwin concluded from their experiments on phototropism by grass seedlings that the part of the seedling that detects the direction of light is the

Accepted Answer

A) tip of the coleoptile. 
B) part of the coleoptile that bends during the response. 
C) base of the coleoptile. 
D) cotyledon. 
A) tip of the coleoptile. 
B) part of the coleoptile that bends during the response. 
C) base of the coleoptile. 
D) cotyledon.

Question 15

Which of the following plant hormones plays a critical role in breaking seed dormancy?

Accepted Answer

A) abscisic acid 
B) ethylene 
C) indolebutyric acid 
D) gibberellin 
A) abscisic acid 
B) ethylene 
C) indolebutyric acid 
D) gibberellin

Question 16

Which of the following gases in air circulating units inhibits the production of new ethylene in fruits?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) carbon dioxide 
C) carbon monoxide 
D) sulfur dioxide 
A) oxygen 
B) carbon dioxide 
C) carbon monoxide 
D) sulfur dioxide

Question 17

A short-day plant exposed to nights longer than the minimum for flowering but interrupted by short flashes of light

Accepted Answer

A) will never flower. 
B) might flower depending upon the duration of the light flash. 
C) will not be affected and will flower. 
D) might flower depending upon the wavelengths of the light flashes. 
A) will never flower. 
B) might flower depending upon the duration of the light flash. 
C) will not be affected and will flower. 
D) might flower depending upon the wavelengths of the light flashes.

Question 18

You are part of a desert plant research team trying to discover crops that will be productive in arid climates.You discover a plant that produces a hormone under water-deficit conditions that triggers a suite of drought responses.Most likely the hormone is

Accepted Answer

A) ABA. 
B) GA. 
C) IAA. 
D) 2,4-D. 
A) ABA. 
B) GA. 
C) IAA. 
D) 2,4-D.

Question 19

Which of the following plant hormones alters gene expression and causes cells in the zone of elongation to produce proteins quickly?

Accepted Answer

A) abscisic acid 
B) auxin 
C) ethylene 
D) cytokinin 
A) abscisic acid 
B) auxin 
C) ethylene 
D) cytokinin

Question 20

The aleurone layer is stimulated to release ________ as a result of gibberellin release from the embryo.

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids 
B) carbohydrates 
C) cytokinins 
D) amylase 
A) amino acids 
B) carbohydrates 
C) cytokinins 
D) amylase

Exam 31: Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Which of the following treatments would enhance the level of the Pfr form of phytochrome?

Which of the following plant hormones is responsible for the activation of lateral buds to grow into new branches?

In extremely cold regions,woody species may survive freezing temperatures by

Which part of the plant structure synthesizes cytokinins primarily?

If you were shipping green bananas to a supermarket thousands of miles away,which of the following chemicals would you want to eliminate from the plants' environment?

Statoliths are responsible for plants to exhibit

If the range of a species of plants expands to a higher latitude,which of the following processes is the most likely to be modified by natural selection?

A plant will recognize a pathogenic invader

Auxins are produced mainly in

A botanist discovers a plant that lacks the ability to form starch grains in root cells,yet the roots still grow downward.This evidence refutes the long-standing hypothesis that

When plants exhibit generalized defense responses in organs distant from the infection site,this is termed

Almost all plant cells have the ability to produce abscisic acid.One of the functions of abscisic acid in plants is to

Charles and Francis Darwin concluded from their experiments on phototropism by grass seedlings that the part of the seedling that detects the direction of light is the

Which of the following plant hormones plays a critical role in breaking seed dormancy?

Which of the following gases in air circulating units inhibits the production of new ethylene in fruits?

A short-day plant exposed to nights longer than the minimum for flowering but interrupted by short flashes of light

You are part of a desert plant research team trying to discover crops that will be productive in arid climates.You discover a plant that produces a hormone under water-deficit conditions that triggers a suite of drought responses.Most likely the hormone is

Which of the following plant hormones alters gene expression and causes cells in the zone of elongation to produce proteins quickly?

The aleurone layer is stimulated to release ________ as a result of gibberellin release from the embryo.

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

Which of the following treatments would enhance the level of the P_fr form of phytochrome?