Exam 20: Phylogeny

If it turns out that the whale lineage diverged from the lineage leading to hippos after the divergence of the lineage leading to the pigs and other artiodactyls,and if the whales continue to be classified in the order Cetacea,then what becomes true of the order Artiodactyla?

The relative lengths of the frog and mouse branches in the phylogenetic tree in the figure below indicate that Figure 20.7

To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree,

Figure 20.2 -Using the phylogeny drawn in Figure 20.2,taken together,the lesser apes (gibbons and siamangs)and great apes (chimpanzees,gorillas,and orangutans)shared a common ancestor most recently with other members of their

The various taxonomic categories (genera,classes,etc. )of the hierarchical classification system differ from each other on the basis of

If organisms A,B,and C belong to the same class but to different orders,and if organisms D,E,and F belong to the same order but to different families,which of the following pairs of organisms would be expected to show the greatest degree of structural homology?

Corvids are a large family of birds that includes many species of ravens,jays,crows,and magpies.It was recently discovered that numerous birds in this family are an important vector for the West Nile virus because infected mosquitoes may pass the virus to these birds.Not to mention other species: there are over 35 species crows across the world alone and more than 3,500 species of mosquitoes across 41 different genera.Taken together,these facts demonstrate that it is critical that global societies and scientists

If cetaceans are determined to have diverged from the lineage leading to the artiodactyls before the divergence of lineages leading to the modern artiodactyls (including hippos),then the cetaceans can be considered 1)a sister order to the order Artiodactyla. 2)an ingroup of the order Artiodactyla. 3)the common ancestor of the order Artiodactyla.

In a comparison of birds and mammals,the condition of having four limbs is

Biologists have concluded that classification of the tree of life requires a three-domain system.What would this conclusion be termed,scientifically?

Neutral theory proposes that

Four relatively recent fossil species were recovered,and when the DNA was extracted,investigators observed that Species W and Z both had long finger bones,and species X and Y had short finger bones.Based upon this information and the hypothetical molecular data below,sequenced from common regions in one gene of their DNA,which two species are the most closely related to each other?