Question 1

Which of the following large biological molecules will self-assemble into a bilayer when mixed with water?

Accepted Answer

A) steroids 
B) triacylglycerols 
C) cellulose 
D) phospholipids 
A) steroids 
B) triacylglycerols 
C) cellulose 
D) phospholipids

Question 2

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyl and carboxyl 
B) carbonyl and amino 
C) ketone and amino 
D) carboxyl and amino 
A) hydroxyl and carboxyl 
B) carbonyl and amino 
C) ketone and amino 
D) carboxyl and amino

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of both starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A) They are both polymers of glucose. 
B) They are cis-trans isomers of each other. 
C) They can both be digested by humans. 
D) They are both used for energy storage in plants. 
E) They are both structural components of the plant cell wall. 
A) They are both polymers of glucose. 
B) They are cis-trans isomers of each other. 
C) They can both be digested by humans. 
D) They are both used for energy storage in plants. 
E) They are both structural components of the plant cell wall.

Question 4

Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) C3H8 
B) C2H6 
C) C2H4 
D) C2H2 
A) C3H8 
B) C2H6 
C) C2H4 
D) C2H2

Question 5

Ethane (C2H6)gas is a molecule that consists of two tetrahedral groups of single-bonded atoms.Which of the following would change the configuration of these atoms from a tetrahedral configuration to a planar configuration?

Accepted Answer

A) the presence of single covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
B) the presence of single covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and double covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
C) the presence of double covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
D) the presence of triple covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
A) the presence of single covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
B) the presence of single covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and double covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
C) the presence of double covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms 
D) the presence of triple covalent bonds between the two carbon atoms and single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 6

If a DNA sample were composed of 15% adenine,what would be the percentage of guanine?

Accepted Answer

A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 35 
D) 45 
A) 15 
B) 30 
C) 35 
D) 45

Question 7

Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base (see Concept 2.5)?

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyl 
B) carbonyl 
C) amino 
D) phosphate 
A) hydroxyl 
B) carbonyl 
C) amino 
D) phosphate

Question 8

Which of the following common chemical groups is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

A) amino 
B) methyl 
C) carboxyl 
D) hydroxyl 
A) amino 
B) methyl 
C) carboxyl 
D) hydroxyl

Question 9

A food company wishes to convert corn oil into a spread that is solid at room temperature.One way to accomplish this goal would be to

Accepted Answer

A) remove hydrogens,increasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
B) remove hydrogens,decreasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
C) add hydrogens,increasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
D) add hydrogens,decreasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
A) remove hydrogens,increasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
B) remove hydrogens,decreasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
C) add hydrogens,increasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules. 
D) add hydrogens,decreasing the number of double bonds in the oil molecules.

Question 10

Which of the following is the smallest carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose 
B) glycogen 
C) chitin 
D) cellulose 
E) starch 
A) sucrose 
B) glycogen 
C) chitin 
D) cellulose 
E) starch

Question 11

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 15N,which of these molecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids only 
B) nucleic acids only 
C) proteins only 
D) both fatty acids and proteins 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids 
A) fatty acids only 
B) nucleic acids only 
C) proteins only 
D) both fatty acids and proteins 
E) both proteins and nucleic acids

Question 12

Figure 3.6
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 can function as a base?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 13

A nutritional supplement developed for athletes is shown to contain only carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and sulfur.Based on these data,you may safely conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) the food may contain carbohydrates,lipids,and protein. 
B) the food may contain carbohydrates,lipids,and nucleic acids. 
C) the food may contain carbohydrates,phospholipids,and protein. 
D) the food may contain carbohydrates and lipids but not protein. 
A) the food may contain carbohydrates,lipids,and protein. 
B) the food may contain carbohydrates,lipids,and nucleic acids. 
C) the food may contain carbohydrates,phospholipids,and protein. 
D) the food may contain carbohydrates and lipids but not protein.

Question 14

The term insoluble fiber on food packaging generally refers to which of the following carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) sucrose 
C) starch 
D) glycogen 
A) cellulose 
B) sucrose 
C) starch 
D) glycogen

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding saturated fatty acids is true?

Accepted Answer

A) They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B) They contain one or two double bonds in their hydrocarbon tails. 
C) They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D) They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E) They are the primary lipids produced by plants. 
A) They are the predominant fatty acid in corn oil. 
B) They contain one or two double bonds in their hydrocarbon tails. 
C) They are the principal molecules in lard and butter. 
D) They are usually liquid at room temperature. 
E) They are the primary lipids produced by plants.

Question 16

Lactase is an enzyme composed of a single polypeptide that hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose to produce monosaccharides.The optimal pH for lactase activity is 6.Transfer of lactase to pH 5 results in a substantial decrease in enzyme activity,likely due to the disruption of

Accepted Answer

A) only the primary structure of the enzyme. 
B) the primary and secondary structures of the enzyme. 
C) the secondary and tertiary structures of the enzyme. 
D) the secondary,tertiary,and quaternary structures of the enzyme. 
A) only the primary structure of the enzyme. 
B) the primary and secondary structures of the enzyme. 
C) the secondary and tertiary structures of the enzyme. 
D) the secondary,tertiary,and quaternary structures of the enzyme.

Question 17

Figure 3.6
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 contains an amino functional group but is not an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 18

Figure 3.6
-Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 contains a functional group that cells use to transfer energy between organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 19

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polysaccharide that is 10 monomers long?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 11 
C) 10 
D) 9 
A) 12 
B) 11 
C) 10 
D) 9

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is true?

Accepted Answer

A) They are more common in plants than in animals. 
B) They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
C) They are generally solid at room temperature. 
D) They contain fewer hydrogen atoms than unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. 
A) They are more common in plants than in animals. 
B) They have multiple double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. 
C) They are generally solid at room temperature. 
D) They contain fewer hydrogen atoms than unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.

Exam 3: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Which of the following large biological molecules will self-assemble into a bilayer when mixed with water?

Which two functional groups are always found in amino acids?

Which of the following statements is true of both starch and cellulose?

Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?

Ethane (C2H6)gas is a molecule that consists of two tetrahedral groups of single-bonded atoms.Which of the following would change the configuration of these atoms from a tetrahedral configuration to a planar configuration?

If a DNA sample were composed of 15% adenine,what would be the percentage of guanine?

Which chemical group is most likely to be responsible for an organic molecule behaving as a base (see Concept 2.5)?

Which of the following common chemical groups is hydrophobic?

A food company wishes to convert corn oil into a spread that is solid at room temperature.One way to accomplish this goal would be to

Which of the following is the smallest carbohydrate?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 15N,which of these molecules will be labeled?

Figure 3.6 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 can function as a base?

A nutritional supplement developed for athletes is shown to contain only carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,and sulfur.Based on these data,you may safely conclude that

The term insoluble fiber on food packaging generally refers to which of the following carbohydrates?

Which of the following statements regarding saturated fatty acids is true?

Lactase is an enzyme composed of a single polypeptide that hydrolyzes the disaccharide lactose to produce monosaccharides.The optimal pH for lactase activity is 6.Transfer of lactase to pH 5 results in a substantial decrease in enzyme activity,likely due to the disruption of

Figure 3.6 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 contains an amino functional group but is not an amino acid?

Figure 3.6 -Which molecule shown in Figure 3.6 contains a functional group that cells use to transfer energy between organic molecules?

How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polysaccharide that is 10 monomers long?

Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is true?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

Ethane (C₂H₆)gas is a molecule that consists of two tetrahedral groups of single-bonded atoms.Which of the following would change the configuration of these atoms from a tetrahedral configuration to a planar configuration?

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive ¹⁵N,which of these molecules will be labeled?