Question 1

An organism whose decline or removal from a habitat causes many other species numbers to change dramatically is called __________ species.

Accepted Answer

A) a keystone 
B) a synergistic 
C) a nominal 
D) an introduced 
A) a keystone 
B) a synergistic 
C) a nominal 
D) an introduced A

Question 2

The process of examining the genomes of animals and plants for useful genes is

Accepted Answer

A) gene prospecting. 
B) genetic engineering. 
C) phenotypic labeling. 
D) cloning. 
A) gene prospecting. 
B) genetic engineering. 
C) phenotypic labeling. 
D) cloning. A

Question 3

Areas with high levels of endemism are called species

Accepted Answer

A) islands. 
B) fragments. 
C) hotspots. 
D) reserves. 
A) islands. 
B) fragments. 
C) hotspots. 
D) reserves. C

Question 4

Scientists speculate that extinctions did not occur in Africa as they did on other continents because animals coevolved with _______ in Africa.

Accepted Answer

A) plants 
B) diseases 
C) parasites 
D) humans 
A) plants 
B) diseases 
C) parasites 
D) humans

Question 5

A small island has stable populations of plants and animals, including one species of hawk but no other large predators.A ship docks at the island, and the sailors huntand kill most of the hawks.What would you expect as an immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in the plants 
B) an increase in the insects 
C) an increase in the rodents 
D) a decrease in the fish 
A) an increase in the plants 
B) an increase in the insects 
C) an increase in the rodents 
D) a decrease in the fish

Question 6

As habitats are fragmented and consequently shrinking in size, a major problem is

Accepted Answer

A) the edge effect. 
B) lack of corridors. 
C) overexploitation. 
D) introduced species. 
A) the edge effect. 
B) lack of corridors. 
C) overexploitation. 
D) introduced species.

Question 7

As we study the past 50,000 years worth of information about species' decline and extinctions around the world

Accepted Answer

A) we see rapid extinctions, especially of the larger animals, not long after humans arrive in an area. 
B) we can make a rough estimate of a population's risk of a local extinction. 
C) we see a steady-state rate of extinctions on all continents, only islands show a difference due to climate change. 
D) we see huge extinctions, especially of the larger animals, with ice ages and global warming. 
A) we see rapid extinctions, especially of the larger animals, not long after humans arrive in an area. 
B) we can make a rough estimate of a population's risk of a local extinction. 
C) we see a steady-state rate of extinctions on all continents, only islands show a difference due to climate change. 
D) we see huge extinctions, especially of the larger animals, with ice ages and global warming.

Question 8

Island species are particularly vulnerable to extinction for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A) humans have altered habitats. 
B) island species have lost the ability to escape predators. 
C) humans have introduced competitors. 
D) humans have introduced diseases. 
E) fewer endemic species are found on islands. 
A) humans have altered habitats. 
B) island species have lost the ability to escape predators. 
C) humans have introduced competitors. 
D) humans have introduced diseases. 
E) fewer endemic species are found on islands.

Question 9

One of the important reasons for maintaining biodiversity is to

Accepted Answer

A) prevent loss of habitats that can be logged or farmed at some future date. 
B) prevent loss of habitat leading to edge effects. 
C) prevent introduction of invasive species. 
D) maintain the genetic diversity of wild relatives of common crops. 
A) prevent loss of habitats that can be logged or farmed at some future date. 
B) prevent loss of habitat leading to edge effects. 
C) prevent introduction of invasive species. 
D) maintain the genetic diversity of wild relatives of common crops.

Question 10

Sea otters have been used as an example of the "Keystone Species" concept.This means that sea otters

Accepted Answer

A) are the base of the food chain in their ecosystem. 
B) are the dominant species in their ecosystem. 
C) exert a strong influence on the structure and functioning of their ecosystem. 
D) have been recently introduced and are recruiting other new species to the ecosystem. 
A) are the base of the food chain in their ecosystem. 
B) are the dominant species in their ecosystem. 
C) exert a strong influence on the structure and functioning of their ecosystem. 
D) have been recently introduced and are recruiting other new species to the ecosystem.

Question 11

The degree of allelic diversityof a population is independent of its size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A major problem with hotspots is humans moving in and causing

Accepted Answer

A) habitat destruction. 
B) increased genetic diversity. 
C) increased immigration among species. 
D) decreased introductions. 
A) habitat destruction. 
B) increased genetic diversity. 
C) increased immigration among species. 
D) decreased introductions.

Question 13

The West African black rhino, one of four subspecies of rhinoceros, was declared extinct in 2006.Their horns were believed by many to hold medicinal value.What is the most likely reason for the extinction of the West African black rhino?

Accepted Answer

A) habitat loss 
B) overexploitation 
C) introduced species 
D) pollution 
A) habitat loss 
B) overexploitation 
C) introduced species 
D) pollution

Question 14

Conservationists have identified 25 areas worldwide as hotspots.This means these areas

Accepted Answer

A) are currently being preserved. 
B) have serious pollution problems and are being targeted for cleanup. 
C) have high numbers of endemic species, and those numbers are increasing. 
D) have high numbers of endemic species, and those numbers are decreasing. 
A) are currently being preserved. 
B) have serious pollution problems and are being targeted for cleanup. 
C) have high numbers of endemic species, and those numbers are increasing. 
D) have high numbers of endemic species, and those numbers are decreasing.

Question 15

A floodplain is an area adjacent a stream or river that experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.These ecosystems can be very rich in both quantity and diversity of organisms and can contain up to 1,000 times more species than a river.Many floodplains have been compromised by the construction of levees, pollution, and the draining of wetlands and marshes.A restoration project that focuses its efforts on the removal of levees and the improvement of water quality, is a plan focused on

Accepted Answer

A) restoration of species. 
B) restoration of ecosystem functioning. 
A) restoration of species. 
B) restoration of ecosystem functioning.

Question 16

Which of the following whale species are recovering their population numbers as a result of whale harvesting regulations? I-right whales
II-Pacific gray whales
III-sperm whales
IV-fin whales
V-humpback whales

Accepted Answer

A) I and II 
B) I, II, and III 
C) II and V 
D) I, II, III, and IV 
A) I and II 
B) I, II, and III 
C) II and V 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 17

Regarding megafaunal extinctions, it is assumed that the driving factor was

Accepted Answer

A) climate change. 
B) the Ice Age. 
C) Homo sapiens. 
D) a meteorite. 
A) climate change. 
B) the Ice Age. 
C) Homo sapiens. 
D) a meteorite.

Question 18

Ecologists are concerned about amphibian populations because

Accepted Answer

A) their loss would be an aesthetic loss to the planet. 
B) of the possibility of numerous medicinal uses. 
C) they are keystone species in many areas-their loss will cause other populations to crash. 
D) amphibians are very sensitive to environmental change-they may be indicating serious problems. 
A) their loss would be an aesthetic loss to the planet. 
B) of the possibility of numerous medicinal uses. 
C) they are keystone species in many areas-their loss will cause other populations to crash. 
D) amphibians are very sensitive to environmental change-they may be indicating serious problems.

Question 19

Natural colonization can happen in all of the following ways except

Accepted Answer

A) a flock of birds gets blown off course. 
B) a bird eats a fruit on the mainland and defecates the seed on an island. 
C) people plant new species on an island. 
D) lowered sea levels connect two areas previously isolated. 
A) a flock of birds gets blown off course. 
B) a bird eats a fruit on the mainland and defecates the seed on an island. 
C) people plant new species on an island. 
D) lowered sea levels connect two areas previously isolated.

Question 20

As many as one-half of Earth's plants

Accepted Answer

A) may already have gone extinct in the last 100 years. 
B) may be threatened with extinction at present. 
C) may be considered invasive species. 
D) are known to be medicinally useful. 
A) may already have gone extinct in the last 100 years. 
B) may be threatened with extinction at present. 
C) may be considered invasive species. 
D) are known to be medicinally useful.

Exam 59: Conservation Biology

An organism whose decline or removal from a habitat causes many other species numbers to change dramatically is called __________ species.

The process of examining the genomes of animals and plants for useful genes is

Areas with high levels of endemism are called species

Scientists speculate that extinctions did not occur in Africa as they did on other continents because animals coevolved with _______ in Africa.

A small island has stable populations of plants and animals, including one species of hawk but no other large predators.A ship docks at the island, and the sailors huntand kill most of the hawks.What would you expect as an immediate consequence?

As habitats are fragmented and consequently shrinking in size, a major problem is

As we study the past 50,000 years worth of information about species' decline and extinctions around the world

Island species are particularly vulnerable to extinction for all of the following reasons except

One of the important reasons for maintaining biodiversity is to

Sea otters have been used as an example of the "Keystone Species" concept.This means that sea otters

The degree of allelic diversityof a population is independent of its size.

A major problem with hotspots is humans moving in and causing

The West African black rhino, one of four subspecies of rhinoceros, was declared extinct in 2006.Their horns were believed by many to hold medicinal value.What is the most likely reason for the extinction of the West African black rhino?

Conservationists have identified 25 areas worldwide as hotspots.This means these areas

Which of the following whale species are recovering their population numbers as a result of whale harvesting regulations? I-right whales II-Pacific gray whales III-sperm whales IV-fin whales V-humpback whales

Regarding megafaunal extinctions, it is assumed that the driving factor was

Ecologists are concerned about amphibian populations because

Natural colonization can happen in all of the following ways except

As many as one-half of Earth's plants

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics, Phylogenies, and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

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