Question 1

Match the correct case study in conservation biology with its animal.

Accepted Answer

A) fruit bats-introduction of new species 
B) prairie chickens-loss of genetic diversity 
C) songbirds-introduction of new species 
D) whales-pollution 
A) fruit bats-introduction of new species 
B) prairie chickens-loss of genetic diversity 
C) songbirds-introduction of new species 
D) whales-pollution

Question 2

Animals that weigh more than 100 pounds are considered as

Accepted Answer

A) extinct. 
B) endangered species. 
C) safe from extinction. 
D) sensitive species. 
E) megafauna. 
A) extinct. 
B) endangered species. 
C) safe from extinction. 
D) sensitive species. 
E) megafauna.

Question 3

A small island has stable populations of plants and animals, including one species of hawk but no other large predators.A ship docks at the island, and the ship's cat escapes.If the cat was pregnant, what do you think the sailors are likely to find if they return ten years later?

Accepted Answer

A) The island will have similar flora and fauna, with the addition of a cat population. 
B) The increase in nitrogenous waste from the cats will increase plant productivity. 
C) The bird and lizard species on the island will have many new adaptations. 
D) Some species of ground-nesting birds may have gone extinct. 
A) The island will have similar flora and fauna, with the addition of a cat population. 
B) The increase in nitrogenous waste from the cats will increase plant productivity. 
C) The bird and lizard species on the island will have many new adaptations. 
D) Some species of ground-nesting birds may have gone extinct.

Question 4

A conservation group is deciding what land to preserve.Why might they want to consider an area of land where the ecosystem is partially damaged by a logging contract that cannot be overturned?

Accepted Answer

A) Conservation groups often focus of fixing damaged land and ecosystems. 
B) When conservation groups choose land to preserve, they just consider what is best for the one target species that is endangered. 
C) By making logging difficult, they strengthen environmentalism. 
D) Human activity often leads to the evolution of unique species that take advantage of the disrupted environment. 
A) Conservation groups often focus of fixing damaged land and ecosystems. 
B) When conservation groups choose land to preserve, they just consider what is best for the one target species that is endangered. 
C) By making logging difficult, they strengthen environmentalism. 
D) Human activity often leads to the evolution of unique species that take advantage of the disrupted environment.

Question 5

A friend asks you for a definition of endemic because she is writing a history paper and this word keeps occurring in the literature in reference to bison on the Great Plains of the United States.Your response is that the word endemic means

Accepted Answer

A) a species that has gone extinct since humans have evolved on Earth. 
B) a species that exists in many habitats on Earth. 
C) a species that has coevolved with humans on Earth. 
D) a species that lives in only one area of Earth. 
A) a species that has gone extinct since humans have evolved on Earth. 
B) a species that exists in many habitats on Earth. 
C) a species that has coevolved with humans on Earth. 
D) a species that lives in only one area of Earth.

Question 6

Why might the different species of whales fail to recover even though hunting has been banned?

Accepted Answer

A) loss of genetic diversity 
B) loss of habitat 
C) introduction of invasive species 
D) increasing predation 
A) loss of genetic diversity 
B) loss of habitat 
C) introduction of invasive species 
D) increasing predation

Question 7

Researchers in England found that, for three out of four habitat types they were studying, the most efficient strategy was to create a system of stepping stones linking existing habitat clusters."Stepping stones" are a type of corridor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Scientists estimate that about _____ of the world's eukaryotic organisms have been discovered and given scientific names.

Accepted Answer

A) 1% 
B) 5% 
C) 15% 
D) 40% 
A) 1% 
B) 5% 
C) 15% 
D) 40%

Question 9

Economists have been comparing the monetary value of intact habitats with the value of using (destroying) those habitats (such as for logging or farming).They find

Accepted Answer

A) the immediate economic gain is worth it, such as in the shrimp farms in Thailand. 
B) the long-term problems are minimal, and usually economically minor, it is more of an aesthetic problem than a monetary one. 
C) the intact habitat is more valuable than the destroyed one in most cases studied. 
D) clearing the forest for agriculture, as in Cameroon, provides jobs, housing, and long-term economic benefits. 
A) the immediate economic gain is worth it, such as in the shrimp farms in Thailand. 
B) the long-term problems are minimal, and usually economically minor, it is more of an aesthetic problem than a monetary one. 
C) the intact habitat is more valuable than the destroyed one in most cases studied. 
D) clearing the forest for agriculture, as in Cameroon, provides jobs, housing, and long-term economic benefits.

Question 10

When New York City was given a choice to make regarding its drinking water

Accepted Answer

A) they opted for more bottled water. 
B) they chose ecosystem maintenance over development. 
C) they had to construct expensive filtration plants to protect against disease. 
D) they chose ecosystem conversion to higher density housing for efficiency. 
A) they opted for more bottled water. 
B) they chose ecosystem maintenance over development. 
C) they had to construct expensive filtration plants to protect against disease. 
D) they chose ecosystem conversion to higher density housing for efficiency.

Question 11

The extinction vortex

Accepted Answer

A) is what happens as a population decreases and becomes more vulnerable to extinction from a variety of causes. 
B) begins when one species in an ecosystem goes extinct and other species follow. 
C) is what happens when competing species fight over a single niche, often driving both species to extinction. 
D) is a spiral of events that occur once a species has become overcrowded through excess reproduction. 
A) is what happens as a population decreases and becomes more vulnerable to extinction from a variety of causes. 
B) begins when one species in an ecosystem goes extinct and other species follow. 
C) is what happens when competing species fight over a single niche, often driving both species to extinction. 
D) is a spiral of events that occur once a species has become overcrowded through excess reproduction.

Question 12

In the last 20 years one concern of scientists who study amphibians is that

Accepted Answer

A) genetic diversity is being increased too rapidly for proper maintenance. 
B) the edge effects are causing declines in species numbers. 
C) DDT is affecting reproduction by thinning the egg membranes. 
D) populations are diversifying rapidly and speciation is occurring. 
E) many species are declining or have gone extinct in recent years. 
A) genetic diversity is being increased too rapidly for proper maintenance. 
B) the edge effects are causing declines in species numbers. 
C) DDT is affecting reproduction by thinning the egg membranes. 
D) populations are diversifying rapidly and speciation is occurring. 
E) many species are declining or have gone extinct in recent years.

Question 13

The various endemic cichlid species of Lake Victoria have suffered losses in their population numbers and species due to the introduction of

Accepted Answer

A) the Nile crocodile. 
B) the Nile perch. 
C) a new algae species. 
D) a new ectoparasite that lives on the gills. 
A) the Nile crocodile. 
B) the Nile perch. 
C) a new algae species. 
D) a new ectoparasite that lives on the gills.

Question 14

Historical extinction rates are best known for

Accepted Answer

A) reptiles and amphibians. 
B) reptiles and birds. 
C) amphibians and fish. 
D) amphibians and birds. 
E) birds and mammals. 
A) reptiles and amphibians. 
B) reptiles and birds. 
C) amphibians and fish. 
D) amphibians and birds. 
E) birds and mammals.

Question 15

Which one of the following is not an ecosystem service?

Accepted Answer

A) maintaining the quality of water supplies 
B) habitat restoration 
C) preventing soil erosion 
D) absorbing pollutants 
A) maintaining the quality of water supplies 
B) habitat restoration 
C) preventing soil erosion 
D) absorbing pollutants

Question 16

Edge effects are the result of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Populations of flora and fauna have emigrated from the core of their population center to the edge of their habitat. 
B) Metapopulations of some of the larger fauna have become more dominant on the landscape and as a result have increased the edge of their habitat. 
C) Habitat fragmentation or habitat shrinkage has occurred, and thus the edge of the habitat has increased in relative proportion. 
D) Habitat fragmentation or habitat shrinkage has occurred, and thus the edge of the habitat has decreased in relative proportion. 
A) Populations of flora and fauna have emigrated from the core of their population center to the edge of their habitat. 
B) Metapopulations of some of the larger fauna have become more dominant on the landscape and as a result have increased the edge of their habitat. 
C) Habitat fragmentation or habitat shrinkage has occurred, and thus the edge of the habitat has increased in relative proportion. 
D) Habitat fragmentation or habitat shrinkage has occurred, and thus the edge of the habitat has decreased in relative proportion.

Exam 59: Conservation Biology

Match the correct case study in conservation biology with its animal.

Animals that weigh more than 100 pounds are considered as

A small island has stable populations of plants and animals, including one species of hawk but no other large predators.A ship docks at the island, and the ship's cat escapes.If the cat was pregnant, what do you think the sailors are likely to find if they return ten years later?

A conservation group is deciding what land to preserve.Why might they want to consider an area of land where the ecosystem is partially damaged by a logging contract that cannot be overturned?

A friend asks you for a definition of endemic because she is writing a history paper and this word keeps occurring in the literature in reference to bison on the Great Plains of the United States.Your response is that the word endemic means

Why might the different species of whales fail to recover even though hunting has been banned?

Researchers in England found that, for three out of four habitat types they were studying, the most efficient strategy was to create a system of stepping stones linking existing habitat clusters."Stepping stones" are a type of corridor.

Scientists estimate that about _____ of the world's eukaryotic organisms have been discovered and given scientific names.

Economists have been comparing the monetary value of intact habitats with the value of using (destroying) those habitats (such as for logging or farming).They find

When New York City was given a choice to make regarding its drinking water

The extinction vortex

In the last 20 years one concern of scientists who study amphibians is that

The various endemic cichlid species of Lake Victoria have suffered losses in their population numbers and species due to the introduction of

Historical extinction rates are best known for

Which one of the following is not an ecosystem service?

Edge effects are the result of which of the following?

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