Question 1

A couple conceives a child on January 1st.Which day falls within the period of somitogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) January 3rd 
B) January 7th 
C) January 17th 
D) January 31st 
A) January 3rd 
B) January 7th 
C) January 17th 
D) January 31st

Question 2

What factor has the strongest influence on the cleavage pattern of an embryo?

Accepted Answer

A) viscosity of albumin 
B) amount of yolk 
C) maturity of cytoplasm 
D) oxygen in air 
A) viscosity of albumin 
B) amount of yolk 
C) maturity of cytoplasm 
D) oxygen in air

Question 3

Egg activation by sperm entry is associated with a sudden increase in protein synthesis.What must be true of these proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) They are histone proteins. 
B) They are small peptides. 
C) They are from maternal mRNAs. 
D) They are from paternal mRNAs. 
A) They are histone proteins. 
B) They are small peptides. 
C) They are from maternal mRNAs. 
D) They are from paternal mRNAs.

Question 4

In the diagram, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Both diagrams show developmental sequences occurring in the same animal. 
B) Both diagrams show blastulae. 
C) Diagram II shows gastrulation in a bird. 
D) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a frog. 
A) Both diagrams show developmental sequences occurring in the same animal. 
B) Both diagrams show blastulae. 
C) Diagram II shows gastrulation in a bird. 
D) Diagram I shows gastrulation in a frog.

Question 5

In the famous Spemann-Mangold experiment, what detail was crucial to understanding the result?

Accepted Answer

A) transplanting the new dorsal lip cells to the same dorsal lip location in the second embryo 
B) using genetically different donor and host frogs 
C) placing the dorsal lip cells deep inside the archenteron 
D) treating the dorsal lip cells with morphogens before transplanting them 
A) transplanting the new dorsal lip cells to the same dorsal lip location in the second embryo 
B) using genetically different donor and host frogs 
C) placing the dorsal lip cells deep inside the archenteron 
D) treating the dorsal lip cells with morphogens before transplanting them

Question 6

What is the term for segmented blocks of tissue that form on either side of the notochord and are added sequentially?

Accepted Answer

A) blastopores 
B) gastropores 
C) somites 
D) amniotic cells 
A) blastopores 
B) gastropores 
C) somites 
D) amniotic cells

Question 7

In 1999, researchers found that they could create hybrid embryos between two species of sea urchin that had been separated for 10 million years.By treating eggs to remove the jelly coat, the sperm of the other species was able to fertilize.What step of the fertilization process is normally blocked, preventing hybridization between these species?

Accepted Answer

A) Sperm penetration 
B) Membrane fusion 
C) Egg activation 
D) Nuclear fusion 
A) Sperm penetration 
B) Membrane fusion 
C) Egg activation 
D) Nuclear fusion

Question 8

What is the period of rapid cell division in which the embryo does not increase in overall size?

Accepted Answer

A) syngamy 
B) cleavage 
C) neurulation 
D) meiosis 
A) syngamy 
B) cleavage 
C) neurulation 
D) meiosis

Question 9

What event initiates development?

Accepted Answer

A) fertilization 
B) cleavage 
C) gastrulation 
D) organogenesis 
A) fertilization 
B) cleavage 
C) gastrulation 
D) organogenesis

Question 10

The placenta protects the developing fetus from harmful substances like alcohol or drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What stimulates milk production in mammary alveoli?

Accepted Answer

A) oxytocin 
B) prolactin 
C) chorionic gonadotropin 
D) progesterone 
A) oxytocin 
B) prolactin 
C) chorionic gonadotropin 
D) progesterone

Question 12

Which of the following animals undergoes rotational cleavage?

Accepted Answer

A) echinoderms 
B) annelids 
C) amphibians 
D) mammals 
A) echinoderms 
B) annelids 
C) amphibians 
D) mammals

Question 13

The head of a sperm is capped with an organelle that contains glycoprotein-digesting enzymes.What is this organelle called?

Accepted Answer

A) zona pellucida 
B) acrosome 
C) granulosa 
D) blastula 
A) zona pellucida 
B) acrosome 
C) granulosa 
D) blastula

Question 14

Your research project involves sea cucumbers, a poorly-understood group of echinoderms.You are trying to determine whether they block polyspermy by changing membrane potential like sea urchins do.In the chart below, you have counted the number of embryos that complete normal development after fertilization in either normal or low-sodium artificial sea water (ASW), for each of three sets of experiments.Looking over your data, what do you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A) Sea cucumbers appear not to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, which use an influx of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
B) Sea cucumbers appear not to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, which use an outflow of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
C) Sea cucumbers appear to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, via an influx of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
D) Sea cucumbers appear to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, via an outflow of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
A) Sea cucumbers appear not to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, which use an influx of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
B) Sea cucumbers appear not to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, which use an outflow of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
C) Sea cucumbers appear to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, via an influx of Na+ that changes the membrane potential. 
D) Sea cucumbers appear to block polyspermy the same way as sea urchins, via an outflow of Na+ that changes the membrane potential.

Question 15

What problem would result from disrupted development of the allantois in both birds and mammals?

Accepted Answer

A) Inability to retain the fluid that surrounds the embryo 
B) Inability to form the placenta 
C) Problems with gas exchange 
D) Loss of nutritional stores 
A) Inability to retain the fluid that surrounds the embryo 
B) Inability to form the placenta 
C) Problems with gas exchange 
D) Loss of nutritional stores

Exam 53: Animal Development

A couple conceives a child on January 1st.Which day falls within the period of somitogenesis?

What factor has the strongest influence on the cleavage pattern of an embryo?

Egg activation by sperm entry is associated with a sudden increase in protein synthesis.What must be true of these proteins?

In the diagram, which of the following is true?

In the famous Spemann-Mangold experiment, what detail was crucial to understanding the result?

What is the term for segmented blocks of tissue that form on either side of the notochord and are added sequentially?

What is the period of rapid cell division in which the embryo does not increase in overall size?

What event initiates development?

The placenta protects the developing fetus from harmful substances like alcohol or drugs.

What stimulates milk production in mammary alveoli?

Which of the following animals undergoes rotational cleavage?

The head of a sperm is capped with an organelle that contains glycoprotein-digesting enzymes.What is this organelle called?

What problem would result from disrupted development of the allantois in both birds and mammals?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics, Phylogenies, and Comparative Biology

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Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

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Plant Nutrition and Soils

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Sensory Systems in Plants

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The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

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Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

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