Exam 42: The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

Vertebrate locomotion results from the contraction of muscles anchored to what other tissue?

Which statement describes a home heating and cooling system that functions in a homeostatic way?

Damage to the integument may trigger action by cells of which system?

The cell body of a motor neuron resides in the spinal cord, but it may control muscles a long distance away.In a giraffe, the ________ of a leg motor neuron may be six feet long!

Homeostasis is maintained using negative feedback loops.Which part of a negative feedback loop detects conditions?

Which of these thermoregulation processes can be sustained for the longest period of time?

What structure do myelin sheaths form along?

The giraffe, as the tallest living land animal, has several adaptations for its height.To prevent blood from pooling in the head when it bends down to drink, the jugular veins of a giraffe have multiple one-way valves.Furthermore, a web of arteries and veins in the neck called the rete mirabile ("wonderful net") slows the flow of blood into the brain.These specializations of the ______________________ act as mechanisms to maintain ______________________.

Thermoregulation depends on monitoring of blood temperature.What structure acts as the mammalian temperature sensor?

The characteristic that makes the muscle cells unique is the relative abundance and organization of

A scientist is trying to coax stem cells to differentiate into muscle to use as a therapy for muscular dystrophy.He looks at his Petri dish and is excited to see the cells contracting! The cells appear striated and multinucleate.What type of muscle are they?

Although especially useful to the giraffe, the rete mirabile is similar to a countercurrent heat exchange system in other related, less evolved, mammals.Thus a mechanism for _________________ homeostasis is likely to have evolved from a mechanism previously used for __________________ homeostasis.

Which type of cells line the lungs and blood vessels?

Which of the following is most likely to function as a defense system?

Which term refers to muscles that are attached to bones, and cause bones to move at their joints when they contract?

When a dog's brain detects the need to dissipate excess heat and the dog begins to pant, the brain acts as the _________________, and the panting behavior acts as the ________________.

What feature of cardiac muscle helps the cells coordinate their contraction as a single unit?

Dogs use panting to dissipate excess heat.What part of their brain detects the need for this response and sends the signal to pant?

Mechanisms that help generate heat and those that allow release of heat are an example of ____________________.Collectively, these mechanisms increase the __________________ of body temperature.

What tissue type produces the tough coverings that package organs?