Question 1

Elephants can often be observed cooling off by spraying water over their bodies with their trunks. What type of heat exchange is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction 
B)  convection 
C)  radiation 
D)  evaporation 
A)  conduction 
B)  convection 
C)  radiation 
D)  evaporation

Question 2

Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  less surface area 
B)  less surface area per unit of volume 
C)  a smaller average distance between its mitochondria and the external source of oxygen 
D)  a smaller cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio 
A)  less surface area 
B)  less surface area per unit of volume 
C)  a smaller average distance between its mitochondria and the external source of oxygen 
D)  a smaller cytoplasm-to-nucleus ratio

Question 3

Some animals have no gills when young, but then develop gills that grow larger as the animal grows larger. What is the reason for this increase in gill size?

Accepted Answer

A)  The young of these animals are much more active than the adult, which leads to a higher BMR (basal metabolic rate) and, therefore, a higher need for oxygen. 
B)  Relative to their volume, the young have more surface area across which they can transport all the oxygen they need. 
C)  The young have a higher BMR. 
D)  Relative to their surface area, the young have more body volume in which they can store oxygen for long periods of time. 
A)  The young of these animals are much more active than the adult, which leads to a higher BMR (basal metabolic rate) and, therefore, a higher need for oxygen. 
B)  Relative to their volume, the young have more surface area across which they can transport all the oxygen they need. 
C)  The young have a higher BMR. 
D)  Relative to their surface area, the young have more body volume in which they can store oxygen for long periods of time.

Question 4

Evolutionary adaptations that help some animals directly exchange matter between the cells of their body and the environment include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a gastrovascular cavity, a two-layered body, and a torpedo-like body shape 
B)  an external respiratory surface, a small body size, and a two-cell-layered body 
C)  a large body volume, a long, tubular body, and a set of wings 
D)  an unbranched internal surface, a small body size, and thick covering 
A)  a gastrovascular cavity, a two-layered body, and a torpedo-like body shape 
B)  an external respiratory surface, a small body size, and a two-cell-layered body 
C)  a large body volume, a long, tubular body, and a set of wings 
D)  an unbranched internal surface, a small body size, and thick covering

Question 5

Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  striated muscle 
D)  skeletal muscle 
A)  cardiac muscle 
B)  smooth muscle 
C)  striated muscle 
D)  skeletal muscle

Question 6

Both the endocrine and nervous systems transmit information around an animal's body. Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous system signals?

Accepted Answer

A)  allow gradual changes to take place in the body 
B)  travel quickly, allowing rapid transmission of signals 
C)  usually impact the entire body 
D)  a voltage change must occur 
A)  allow gradual changes to take place in the body 
B)  travel quickly, allowing rapid transmission of signals 
C)  usually impact the entire body 
D)  a voltage change must occur

Question 7

All types of muscle tissue have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  striated banding patterns seen under the microscope 
B)  cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated 
C)  a response that can be consciously controlled 
D)  interactions between actin and myosin 
A)  striated banding patterns seen under the microscope 
B)  cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated 
C)  a response that can be consciously controlled 
D)  interactions between actin and myosin

Question 8

Which organ system is responsible for protection against injury, infection, and dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reproductive system 
B)  Excretory system 
C)  Skeletal system 
D)  Integumentary system 
A)  Reproductive system 
B)  Excretory system 
C)  Skeletal system 
D)  Integumentary system

Exam 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Elephants can often be observed cooling off by spraying water over their bodies with their trunks. What type of heat exchange is occurring?

Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has ________.

Some animals have no gills when young, but then develop gills that grow larger as the animal grows larger. What is the reason for this increase in gill size?

Evolutionary adaptations that help some animals directly exchange matter between the cells of their body and the environment include ________.

Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by ________.

Both the endocrine and nervous systems transmit information around an animal's body. Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous system signals?

All types of muscle tissue have ________.

Which organ system is responsible for protection against injury, infection, and dehydration?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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