Question 1

What are critical thinkers required to do in relation to assumptions and evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  To ask leading questions influential in determining the conclusion 
B)  To seek some logical evidence in key parts of the research 
C)  To look for some definitions and some findings from surveys 
D)  To ask questions about the quality and quantity of the evidence 
A)  To ask leading questions influential in determining the conclusion 
B)  To seek some logical evidence in key parts of the research 
C)  To look for some definitions and some findings from surveys 
D)  To ask questions about the quality and quantity of the evidence

Question 2

The two main types of argument in logic are

Accepted Answer

A)  premise and conclusion. 
B)  valid and invalid. 
C)  evidence and examples. 
D)  deductive and inductive. 
A)  premise and conclusion. 
B)  valid and invalid. 
C)  evidence and examples. 
D)  deductive and inductive.

Question 3

When are critical thinking skills required in learning at a university level?

Accepted Answer

A)  In tutorial presentations 
B)  During the practical component of professional practice 
C)  During note making 
D)  All of the above 
A)  In tutorial presentations 
B)  During the practical component of professional practice 
C)  During note making 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

An opinion, formed through the process of critical thinking,

Accepted Answer

A)  is a claim made after a person has considered the facts they have chosen to take into account. 
B)  expresses a point of view based on logic and the testing of propositions. 
C)  is unreliable because it is just that, an opinion. 
D)  is usually sound and objective. 
A)  is a claim made after a person has considered the facts they have chosen to take into account. 
B)  expresses a point of view based on logic and the testing of propositions. 
C)  is unreliable because it is just that, an opinion. 
D)  is usually sound and objective.

Question 5

The argument is inductive when the truth of the premises establishes the truth of the conclusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is not a question that a critical reader of an academic paper would ask?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are the sources of evidence credible? 
B)  Is the sample representative of the wider population? 
C)  Are the results interesting? 
D)  Are the results verifiable? 
A)  Are the sources of evidence credible? 
B)  Is the sample representative of the wider population? 
C)  Are the results interesting? 
D)  Are the results verifiable?

Question 7

The inductive generalisation is a logical fallacy that is based on insufficient evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

It is important to question any research findings critically before embracing them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The position taken in the argument is important because it

Accepted Answer

A)  shows the speaker's opinion. 
B)  shows the speaker's conviction. 
C)  reveals the knowledge the speaker has. 
D)  is the starting point for presenting a convincing case. 
A)  shows the speaker's opinion. 
B)  shows the speaker's conviction. 
C)  reveals the knowledge the speaker has. 
D)  is the starting point for presenting a convincing case.

Question 10

The basic process of persuasion requires that the person making a claim supports it in such a way that the receiver accepts the claim.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The process of deriving a conclusion is referred to as an assumption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A proposition is a claim upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Distinguish 'deductive reasoning', 'inductive reasoning' and 'opinion'. What do the terms 'syllogism' and 'generalisation' mean? Give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

Deductive reasoning is a logical process

Question 14

Appeal based on the character of the speaker or writer is known as ethos.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Academic studies must be based on

Accepted Answer

A)  predominantly sound arguments. 
B)  research, credible sources and argument built on evidence. 
C)  inductive and deductive logic. 
D)  well-structured syllogisms and convincing conclusions. 
A)  predominantly sound arguments. 
B)  research, credible sources and argument built on evidence. 
C)  inductive and deductive logic. 
D)  well-structured syllogisms and convincing conclusions.

Question 16

The purpose of using basic structure, such as 'This because of that …' is to

Accepted Answer

A)  help readers understand the research methods. 
B)  enable the writer to infer the conclusion. 
C)  guide the writer to write a conclusion. 
D)  prepare the writer to use an advanced structure in the future. 
A)  help readers understand the research methods. 
B)  enable the writer to infer the conclusion. 
C)  guide the writer to write a conclusion. 
D)  prepare the writer to use an advanced structure in the future.

Question 17

The basis of arguments is usually based on either inductive or deductive reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

An effective persuasive message balances the relationship between logic and emotion in its appeal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The purpose of the non-sequitur fallacy is to confuse cause and effect by making the assumption that, because one event occurred after the other, the first event caused the later event.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What must be tested for accuracy in research writing?

Accepted Answer

A)  General statements or opinions based on incomplete knowledge 
B)  Findings based on empirical evidence and study 
C)  Deductive generalisations 
D)  Inductive reasoning 
A)  General statements or opinions based on incomplete knowledge 
B)  Findings based on empirical evidence and study 
C)  Deductive generalisations 
D)  Inductive reasoning

Exam 15: Critical Thinking, Argument, Logic and Persuasion

What are critical thinkers required to do in relation to assumptions and evidence?

The two main types of argument in logic are

When are critical thinking skills required in learning at a university level?

An opinion, formed through the process of critical thinking,

The argument is inductive when the truth of the premises establishes the truth of the conclusion.

Which of the following is not a question that a critical reader of an academic paper would ask?

The inductive generalisation is a logical fallacy that is based on insufficient evidence.

It is important to question any research findings critically before embracing them.

The position taken in the argument is important because it

The basic process of persuasion requires that the person making a claim supports it in such a way that the receiver accepts the claim.

The process of deriving a conclusion is referred to as an assumption.

A proposition is a claim upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn.

Distinguish 'deductive reasoning', 'inductive reasoning' and 'opinion'. What do the terms 'syllogism' and 'generalisation' mean? Give examples of each.

Appeal based on the character of the speaker or writer is known as ethos.

Academic studies must be based on

The purpose of using basic structure, such as 'This because of that …' is to

The basis of arguments is usually based on either inductive or deductive reasoning.

An effective persuasive message balances the relationship between logic and emotion in its appeal.

The purpose of the non-sequitur fallacy is to confuse cause and effect by making the assumption that, because one event occurred after the other, the first event caused the later event.

What must be tested for accuracy in research writing?

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