Question 1

Match each term with its correct definition.
-homozygous

Accepted Answer

A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects 
A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects

Question 2

Skin colour in humans is caused by polygenic inheritance. Which one of the following statements is implied by this form of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The skin colour of children will always be identical to one parent or the other. 
B)  The skin colour of children will always be intermediate to that of their parents. 
C)  The skin colour of children will most often be identical to that of one of their parents, but sometimes not. 
D)  The skin colour of children will most often be intermediate to that of their parents, but sometimes not. 
A)  The skin colour of children will always be identical to one parent or the other. 
B)  The skin colour of children will always be intermediate to that of their parents. 
C)  The skin colour of children will most often be identical to that of one of their parents, but sometimes not. 
D)  The skin colour of children will most often be intermediate to that of their parents, but sometimes not.

Question 3

Match the examples listed below to the following five types of allele interactions.
-Human blood type AB is an example of this allele interaction.

Accepted Answer

A) dominance 
B) incomplete dominance 
C) codominance 
D) epistasis 
E) polygenic inheritance 
A) dominance 
B) incomplete dominance 
C) codominance 
D) epistasis 
E) polygenic inheritance

Question 4

Mendel knew about and understood incomplete dominance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Human blood types follow which of the following inheritance patterns?

Accepted Answer

A)  dominance and codominance 
B)  dominance and incomplete dominance 
C)  codominance 
D)  incomplete dominance 
A)  dominance and codominance 
B)  dominance and incomplete dominance 
C)  codominance 
D)  incomplete dominance

Question 6

There is no limit to the number of alleles that exist for a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In snapdragons the red allele CR is incompletely dominant over the white allele CW. If you were to cross two pink snapdragons, what percentage of the progeny will be pink?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  100%

Question 8

Suppose that your father is heterozygous for a recessive disorder. Also suppose that you know your mom has two "good" alleles. What is the probability that you will have the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  75% 
B)  50% 
C)  25% 
D)  0% 
A)  75% 
B)  50% 
C)  25% 
D)  0%

Question 9

Suppose that your mother and father are both healthy but carry the allele for cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele. What are the odds of you having at least one allele for the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 in 4 
B)  1 in 2 
C)  3 in 4 
D)  1 
A)  1 in 4 
B)  1 in 2 
C)  3 in 4 
D)  1

Question 10

Match each term with its correct definition.
-pleiotropy

Accepted Answer

A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects 
A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects

Question 11

Define epistasis and give an example.

Accepted Answer

Epistasis is where one set of genes will

Question 12

Suppose that both of your parents have Huntington's disease, which is caused by a dominant allele, and are both heterozygous for the disease. What are the odds of you having the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  100% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25% 
A)  100% 
B)  75% 
C)  50% 
D)  25%

Question 13

Who established the connection between genes, meiosis, and fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erich von Tschermak 
B)  Walter Sutton 
C)  Hugo de Vries 
D)  Gregor Mendel 
A)  Erich von Tschermak 
B)  Walter Sutton 
C)  Hugo de Vries 
D)  Gregor Mendel

Question 14

Which of the following is a result of an incomplete dominance?

Accepted Answer

A)  orange carnations 
B)  white carnations 
C)  pink carnations 
D)  red carnations 
A)  orange carnations 
B)  white carnations 
C)  pink carnations 
D)  red carnations

Question 15

Suppose that R is the dominant allele for a round pea, and r is the recessive allele for a wrinkled pea. Suppose also that you cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas. Which of the following is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The offspring will be neither round nor wrinkled. 
B)  The offspring will be mostly wrinkled. 
C)  The offspring will all be wrinkled. 
D)  The offspring will all be round. 
A)  The offspring will be neither round nor wrinkled. 
B)  The offspring will be mostly wrinkled. 
C)  The offspring will all be wrinkled. 
D)  The offspring will all be round.

Question 16

Which of the following is one of Mendel's three hypotheses for explaining his observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adult plants always have traits that are governed by a single pair of alleles, but the number of possible alleles varies with each trait. 
B)  The pairs of alleles remain together in the formation of gametes so that each gamete gets both alleles. 
C)  Adult plants carry a trio of genes that will determine the inheritance of each allele. 
D)  If an adult plant has two different alleles, the alleles blend. 
A)  Adult plants always have traits that are governed by a single pair of alleles, but the number of possible alleles varies with each trait. 
B)  The pairs of alleles remain together in the formation of gametes so that each gamete gets both alleles. 
C)  Adult plants carry a trio of genes that will determine the inheritance of each allele. 
D)  If an adult plant has two different alleles, the alleles blend.

Question 17

Mendel selected seven traits in pea plants to study. Why were his results relatively easy to interpret, even though he was examining seven distinct traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  All seven traits were easy to characterize. 
B)  The seven alleles segregated independently from each other. 
C)  Peas are easy to raise and have short life cycles. 
D)  He knew enough mathematics to apply rules of probability to his results. 
A)  All seven traits were easy to characterize. 
B)  The seven alleles segregated independently from each other. 
C)  Peas are easy to raise and have short life cycles. 
D)  He knew enough mathematics to apply rules of probability to his results.

Question 18

Match each term with its correct definition.
-true breeding

Accepted Answer

A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects 
A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects

Question 19

Suppose that a patient presents the following symptoms: anemia, dilation of heart, lung damage and pneumonia, rheumatism, abdominal pain, and kidney failure. After learning about the patient's family history, which disorder did the doctor run a genetic test for?

Accepted Answer

A)  cystic fibrosis 
B)  albinism 
C)  sickle cell disease 
D)  achondroplasia 
A)  cystic fibrosis 
B)  albinism 
C)  sickle cell disease 
D)  achondroplasia

Question 20

Match each term with its correct definition.
-F2 generation

Accepted Answer

A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects 
A) displayed traits are unchanged over multiple generations 
B) first generation of offspring from a parental cross 
C) true-breeding organisms used in the initial cross 
D) result of a cross between two first-generation organisms 
E) allele that is expressed no matter what other allele is present
F)allele that is expressed only if two identical copies are present
G)any organism with two identical copies of an allele
H)any organism with two different forms of an allele
I)F1 heterozygote (for a single trait)
J)genetic makeup of an organism
K)physical traits of an organism
L)likelihood of something occurring if the occurrence is a matter of chance
M)organism that is heterozygous for two different traits
N)where an allele is found on a chromosome
O)when one allele cannot completely mask the effects of another allele
P)alleles at one locus mask the expression of alleles at a different locus
Q)several different genes contribute to a particular phenotype
R)single allele has multiple phenotypic effects

Exam 9: The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Match each term with its correct definition. -homozygous

Skin colour in humans is caused by polygenic inheritance. Which one of the following statements is implied by this form of inheritance?

Match the examples listed below to the following five types of allele interactions. -Human blood type AB is an example of this allele interaction.

Mendel knew about and understood incomplete dominance.

Human blood types follow which of the following inheritance patterns?

There is no limit to the number of alleles that exist for a gene.

In snapdragons the red allele CR is incompletely dominant over the white allele CW. If you were to cross two pink snapdragons, what percentage of the progeny will be pink?

Suppose that your father is heterozygous for a recessive disorder. Also suppose that you know your mom has two "good" alleles. What is the probability that you will have the disorder?

Suppose that your mother and father are both healthy but carry the allele for cystic fibrosis, which is caused by a recessive allele. What are the odds of you having at least one allele for the disorder?

Match each term with its correct definition. -pleiotropy

Define epistasis and give an example.

Suppose that both of your parents have Huntington's disease, which is caused by a dominant allele, and are both heterozygous for the disease. What are the odds of you having the disorder?

Who established the connection between genes, meiosis, and fertilization?

Which of the following is a result of an incomplete dominance?

Suppose that R is the dominant allele for a round pea, and r is the recessive allele for a wrinkled pea. Suppose also that you cross plants having round peas with plants having wrinkled peas. Which of the following is the most likely result?

Which of the following is one of Mendel's three hypotheses for explaining his observations?

Mendel selected seven traits in pea plants to study. Why were his results relatively easy to interpret, even though he was examining seven distinct traits?

Match each term with its correct definition. -true breeding

Suppose that a patient presents the following symptoms: anemia, dilation of heart, lung damage and pneumonia, rheumatism, abdominal pain, and kidney failure. After learning about the patient's family history, which disorder did the doctor run a genetic test for?

Match each term with its correct definition. -F2 generation

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

In snapdragons the red allele C^R is incompletely dominant over the white allele C^W. If you were to cross two pink snapdragons, what percentage of the progeny will be pink?

Match each term with its correct definition. -F₂ generation