Exam 24: Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The evolutionary process whereby an ancestral species undergoes speciation and produces two descendant species, both distinct from their common ancestor, is known as ____.

Phenotypic similarity that evolved independently in different lineages is called ____.

Describe the difference between anagenesis and cladogenesis.

The eradication of malaria in Europe resulted from a specific breakthrough in the science of ____. ​

The class Reptilia is a group of species that share a common ancestor and some, but not all of its descendants. It is therefore considered ____. ​

Homarus americanus and Bufo americanus are ____ because ____. ​

Answer the question using the accompanying figure. In the figure, letter B represents a ____ taxon, which includes ____.

The scientific approach that classifies organisms based on evolutionary relationships is known as ____. ​

A plant systematist aims to ____ organisms. ​

Phenotypic similarities that provide no information about shared ancestry are ____. ​

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)is a technique used to produce many copies of a specific DNA sequence. ​

When identifying and naming new species, Linnaeus used the ____ species concept.

With cladistic analyses, characters of an organism exist in ____ form(s), referred to as ____. ​

Systematists aided in the effort to eradicate malaria from Europe by ____. ​

Why is the traditionally defined taxon Reptilia paraphyletic? ​

Clues to evolutionary relationships are provided by differences in DNA sequences resulting from ____. ​

Turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, and birds descended most recently from an ancestral ____. ​