Question 1

Compare the locations of the antigen receptors of innate versus adaptive immunity.Which has the GREATEST variety?

Accepted Answer

Innate.Although both innate and adaptive

Question 2

Receptors that are multivalent tend to bind to their ligands more strongly than receptors with a single binding site.What is the term used to describe this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) Avidity 
B) Valency 
C) Affinity 
D) Magnetism 
E) None of the answers are correct. 
A) Avidity 
B) Valency 
C) Affinity 
D) Magnetism 
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 3

Which of the following BEST describes why it is challenging for surface immunoglobulin to transduce a signal into the cell upon antigen binding?

Accepted Answer

A) It takes twice as much antigen to stimulate the cells because each antibody has two antigen binding sites. 
B) The cytoplasmic domain of surface Ig only has three amino acids. 
C) Ig ? is rapidly dephosphorylated. 
D) Ig is an inflexible molecule. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) It takes twice as much antigen to stimulate the cells because each antibody has two antigen binding sites. 
B) The cytoplasmic domain of surface Ig only has three amino acids. 
C) Ig ? is rapidly dephosphorylated. 
D) Ig is an inflexible molecule. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 4

Which transcription factor becomes translocated to the nucleus downstream of calmodulin activation?

Accepted Answer

A) NF- ? B 
B) NFAT 
C) STAT1 
D) STAT2 
E) STAT3 
A) NF- ? B 
B) NFAT 
C) STAT1 
D) STAT2 
E) STAT3

Question 5

Receptors that bind the constant regions of antibodies are known as

Accepted Answer

A) B-cell receptors. 
B) T-cell receptors. 
C) idiotype receptors. 
D) toll-like receptors. 
E) Fc receptors. 
A) B-cell receptors. 
B) T-cell receptors. 
C) idiotype receptors. 
D) toll-like receptors. 
E) Fc receptors.

Question 6

In the research laboratory, you observe that B cells, cytotoxic T cells and mast cells begin to proliferate when exposed to IL-4.In this case, this effect of IL-4 may be described as

Accepted Answer

A) synergy. 
B) antagonism. 
C) redundancy. 
D) pleiotrophy. 
E) both redundancy and pleiotrophy. 
A) synergy. 
B) antagonism. 
C) redundancy. 
D) pleiotrophy. 
E) both redundancy and pleiotrophy.

Question 7

Immunoglobulin domains consist of

Accepted Answer

A) a series of ? helices bound together by hydrophobic interactions in their side chains. 
B)  ? helices alternating with parallel ? -pleated sheets. 
C) Antiparalle ? l -pleated sheets folded and stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. 
D) Compact ? -parallel sheets forming a barrel structure. 
E)  ?
Helices held together by leucine repeats. 
A) a series of ? helices bound together by hydrophobic interactions in their side chains. 
B)  ? helices alternating with parallel ? -pleated sheets. 
C) Antiparalle ? l -pleated sheets folded and stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. 
D) Compact ? -parallel sheets forming a barrel structure. 
E)  ?
Helices held together by leucine repeats.

Question 8

The antigen specific component of the B-cell receptor is

Accepted Answer

A) ITAM. 
B) CD19. 
C) Ig ? / . ? 
D) CD21. 
E) Lyn. 
A) ITAM. 
B) CD19. 
C) Ig ? / . ? 
D) CD21. 
E) Lyn.

Question 9

The end results of signal transduction are varied but can include

Accepted Answer

A) Induction of cell division. 
B) Cellular differentiation. 
C) Altered metabolism. 
D) Altered protein secretion patterns. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) Induction of cell division. 
B) Cellular differentiation. 
C) Altered metabolism. 
D) Altered protein secretion patterns. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

Can you think of a functional property of chemokines that allows them to induce the directed movement of leukocytes to a site of inflammation from the circulation?

Accepted Answer

At least a few chemokines display an inn

Question 11

The biological outcomes of immune system recognition can include

Accepted Answer

A) migration of leukocytes into infected tissues. 
B) clearance of a pathogen by an activated macrophage. 
C) promotion of optimal antigen presentation. 
D) induction of long-lived B and T cells. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) migration of leukocytes into infected tissues. 
B) clearance of a pathogen by an activated macrophage. 
C) promotion of optimal antigen presentation. 
D) induction of long-lived B and T cells. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 12

On the gel below, which bands would you expect to bind antigen?
​

Accepted Answer

A) B and A 
B) B and B 
C) B and C 
D) B and D 
E) B and A, B, and C 
A) B and A 
B) B and B 
C) B and C 
D) B and D 
E) B and A, B, and C

Question 13

Imagine you are observing, at the molecular scale, interactions that occur when a dendritic cell activates a naïve CD4+ T cell.If the dendritic cell were exposed to an agent that disrupts the microtubule portion of the cytoskeleton prior to interaction, what would be the impact on T-cell activation?

Accepted Answer

The activation would likely be significa

Question 14

Which of the following is the CORRECT relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) PIP2 = PIP3 - DAG 
B) PIP2 = IP3 + DAG 
C) PLC = PIP2 + PIP3 
D) DAG = PIP2 + PIP3 
E) PIP3 = IP3 + PIP2 
A) PIP2 = PIP3 - DAG 
B) PIP2 = IP3 + DAG 
C) PLC = PIP2 + PIP3 
D) DAG = PIP2 + PIP3 
E) PIP3 = IP3 + PIP2

Question 15

Which of the following isotypes of antibodies is the largest?

Accepted Answer

A) IgM 
B) IgG 
C) IgA 
D) IgE 
E) IgD 
A) IgM 
B) IgG 
C) IgA 
D) IgE 
E) IgD

Question 16

Which of the provided disassociation constants is MOST likely to be observed from an antibody binding an antigen during an immune response involving memory B cells?

Accepted Answer

A) 10-3 M 
B) 10-5 M 
C) 10-2 M 
D) 10-10 M 
E) Antibody-antigen interactions cannot be measured. 
A) 10-3 M 
B) 10-5 M 
C) 10-2 M 
D) 10-10 M 
E) Antibody-antigen interactions cannot be measured.

Question 17

Whether an immunoglobulin is secreted or membrane bound is directly determined by

Accepted Answer

A) the sequence of the DNA in the Ig locus. 
B) mRNA splicing. 
C) the kind of B cell that is producing it. 
D) DNA rearrangement. 
E) GPI anchors. 
A) the sequence of the DNA in the Ig locus. 
B) mRNA splicing. 
C) the kind of B cell that is producing it. 
D) DNA rearrangement. 
E) GPI anchors.

Question 18

The B-cell receptor has structural and functional elements.How would you describe the B-cell receptor from both a structural and functional perspective?

Accepted Answer

The B-cell receptor can be divided into

Question 19

Receptors that dimerize upon ligand binding often contain _____ in their cytoplasmic domains.

Accepted Answer

A) tyrosine kinases 
B) hydrophobic regions 
C) proteases 
D) metal-binding regions 
E) large immunoglobulin folds 
A) tyrosine kinases 
B) hydrophobic regions 
C) proteases 
D) metal-binding regions 
E) large immunoglobulin folds

Question 20

Large amounts of monoclonal antibodies in the serum of an individual might be an indicator of

Accepted Answer

A) infection. 
B) T-cell deficiency. 
C) autoimmune disease. 
D) myeloma. 
E) stress. 
A) infection. 
B) T-cell deficiency. 
C) autoimmune disease. 
D) myeloma. 
E) stress.

Compare the locations of the antigen receptors of innate versus adaptive immunity.Which has the GREATEST variety?

Receptors that are multivalent tend to bind to their ligands more strongly than receptors with a single binding site.What is the term used to describe this phenomenon?

Which of the following BEST describes why it is challenging for surface immunoglobulin to transduce a signal into the cell upon antigen binding?

Which transcription factor becomes translocated to the nucleus downstream of calmodulin activation?

Receptors that bind the constant regions of antibodies are known as

In the research laboratory, you observe that B cells, cytotoxic T cells and mast cells begin to proliferate when exposed to IL-4.In this case, this effect of IL-4 may be described as

Immunoglobulin domains consist of

The antigen specific component of the B-cell receptor is

The end results of signal transduction are varied but can include

Can you think of a functional property of chemokines that allows them to induce the directed movement of leukocytes to a site of inflammation from the circulation?

The biological outcomes of immune system recognition can include

On the gel below, which bands would you expect to bind antigen?

Which of the following is the CORRECT relationship?

Which of the following isotypes of antibodies is the largest?

Which of the provided disassociation constants is MOST likely to be observed from an antibody binding an antigen during an immune response involving memory B cells?

Whether an immunoglobulin is secreted or membrane bound is directly determined by

The B-cell receptor has structural and functional elements.How would you describe the B-cell receptor from both a structural and functional perspective?

Receptors that dimerize upon ligand binding often contain _____ in their cytoplasmic domains.

Large amounts of monoclonal antibodies in the serum of an individual might be an indicator of

Overview of the Immune System

Cells, Organs, and Microenvironments of the Immune System

Innate Immunity

The Complement System

The Organization and Expression of Lymphocyte Receptor Genes

The Major Histocompatibility Complex and Antigen Presentation

T-Cell Development

B-Cell Development

T-Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Memory

B-Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Memory

Effector Responses: Cell- and Antibody-Mediated Immunity

Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome

The Immune Response in Time and Space

Allergy, Hypersensitivities, and Chronic Inflammation

Tolerance, Autoimmunity, and Transplantation

Infectious Diseases and Vaccines

Immunodeficiency Disorders

Cancer and the Immune System

Experimental Methods and Systems

Filters

Exam 3: Recognition and Response

Compare the locations of the antigen receptors of innate versus adaptive immunity.Which has the GREATEST variety?

Receptors that are multivalent tend to bind to their ligands more strongly than receptors with a single binding site.What is the term used to describe this phenomenon?

Which of the following BEST describes why it is challenging for surface immunoglobulin to transduce a signal into the cell upon antigen binding?

Which transcription factor becomes translocated to the nucleus downstream of calmodulin activation?

Receptors that bind the constant regions of antibodies are known as

In the research laboratory, you observe that B cells, cytotoxic T cells and mast cells begin to proliferate when exposed to IL-4.In this case, this effect of IL-4 may be described as

Immunoglobulin domains consist of

The antigen specific component of the B-cell receptor is

The end results of signal transduction are varied but can include

Can you think of a functional property of chemokines that allows them to induce the directed movement of leukocytes to a site of inflammation from the circulation?

The biological outcomes of immune system recognition can include

On the gel below, which bands would you expect to bind antigen? ​

Which of the following is the CORRECT relationship?

Which of the following isotypes of antibodies is the largest?

Which of the provided disassociation constants is MOST likely to be observed from an antibody binding an antigen during an immune response involving memory B cells?

Whether an immunoglobulin is secreted or membrane bound is directly determined by

The B-cell receptor has structural and functional elements.How would you describe the B-cell receptor from both a structural and functional perspective?

Receptors that dimerize upon ligand binding often contain _____ in their cytoplasmic domains.

Large amounts of monoclonal antibodies in the serum of an individual might be an indicator of

Overview of the Immune System

Cells, Organs, and Microenvironments of the Immune System

Innate Immunity

The Complement System

The Organization and Expression of Lymphocyte Receptor Genes

The Major Histocompatibility Complex and Antigen Presentation

T-Cell Development

B-Cell Development

T-Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Memory

B-Cell Activation, Differentiation, and Memory

Effector Responses: Cell- and Antibody-Mediated Immunity

Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome

The Immune Response in Time and Space

Allergy, Hypersensitivities, and Chronic Inflammation

Tolerance, Autoimmunity, and Transplantation

Infectious Diseases and Vaccines

Immunodeficiency Disorders

Cancer and the Immune System

Experimental Methods and Systems

Filters

On the gel below, which bands would you expect to bind antigen?