Exam 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

To say that a theory is falsifiable is to say that

A psychologist evaluates 60 people at the start of therapy and again at the end of 8 weeks of therapy. She reports that 55 of the 60 are "improved," and concludes that the therapy was effective. One flaw in this study is that it lacks

In both science and the legal system, the "burden of proof" is on the side that

How did Clever Hans solve arithmetic problems?

Which of the following is true of all normal distributions?

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "curiosity"?

An experimenter had people exercise much, a little, or not at all and then measured how much they ate at dinner 2 hours later. What was the independent variable in this experiment?

To test the effect of an informal atmosphere on class performance, Professor Hall dresses in shorts and bare feet for his morning class and in conventional clothing for his afternoon class. He then counts the number of "intelligent questions" in each class and reports more in the class for which he wore shorts. What are the two things wrong with this experiment?

A blind observer is an observer who

Which of the following would (as a rule) indicate that a result is statistically significant?

The careful examination of what people or animals do in their normal environments is called

Participants who volunteer for an experiment would most likely be in a __________ sample.

In both science and a criminal trial, who has the "burden of proof"-that is, the obligation to demonstrate that their claims are correct?

An instructor gives weekly tests in one class and just one midterm exam to a second class and then compares performances of students in the two classes when they all take the same final exam. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

Random assignment is a procedure that psychological researchers apply to their

The Greenville College soccer team scored 1, 1, 2, 3, and 8 goals (a total of 15 goals) in their first five games. What was their mean number of goals?

What evidence did Oskar Pfungst present to indicate that Clever Hans was not doing mathematical calculations?

According to the principle of parsimony, we should prefer the theory that

If p < .05, then the difference in results between the experimental group and the control group is probably

If an increase in one variable is not associated with any consistent increase or decrease in a second variable, then the correlation between the two variables is