Question 1

The systematic desensitization of a phobia resembles which aspect of learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping 
B)  backward conditioning 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  discrimination 
A)  shaping 
B)  backward conditioning 
C)  spontaneous recovery 
D)  discrimination

Question 2

The assumption that everything that happens has a cause is called

Accepted Answer

A)  determinism. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  the representativeness heuristic. 
D)  humanism. 
A)  determinism. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  the representativeness heuristic. 
D)  humanism.

Question 3

A mnemonic device is a method of improving one's

Accepted Answer

A)  memory. 
B)  sensory acuity. 
C)  weight control. 
D)  ability to concentrate. 
A)  memory. 
B)  sensory acuity. 
C)  weight control. 
D)  ability to concentrate.

Question 4

Which of the following types of intelligence would psychologists predict to continue to increase for as long as a person remains active and alert?

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid intelligence 
B)  crystallized intelligence 
C)  g factor of intelligence 
D)  progressive matrix intelligence 
A)  fluid intelligence 
B)  crystallized intelligence 
C)  g factor of intelligence 
D)  progressive matrix intelligence

Question 5

Someone with damage to the semicircular canals would be most likely to have problems with

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  depression. 
C)  controlling aggression. 
D)  posture and balance. 
A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  depression. 
C)  controlling aggression. 
D)  posture and balance.

Question 6

Which of the following is one least likely to meet?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 20-year-old schizophrenic patient 
B)  a 40-year-old manic-depressive patient 
C)  an 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa 
D)  a 23-year-old psychoanalyst 
A)  a 20-year-old schizophrenic patient 
B)  a 40-year-old manic-depressive patient 
C)  an 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa 
D)  a 23-year-old psychoanalyst

Question 7

People with which psychological disorder tend to enter REM sleep unusually rapidly (less than 45 minutes after going to sleep)?

Accepted Answer

A)  depression 
B)  antisocial personality 
C)  multiple personality 
D)  panic disorder 
A)  depression 
B)  antisocial personality 
C)  multiple personality 
D)  panic disorder

Question 8

Substance P has been shown to be related to

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  memory. 
C)  pain. 
D)  vision. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  memory. 
C)  pain. 
D)  vision.

Question 9

In the Implicit Association Test, you might press the left button for "pleasant words or insects" and the right button for "unpleasant words or flowers." This test has been modified to measure people's

Accepted Answer

A)  racial prejudices. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  bystander apathy. 
D)  belief in a just world. 
A)  racial prejudices. 
B)  working memory. 
C)  bystander apathy. 
D)  belief in a just world.

Question 10

In 1905, Alfred Binet devised the first useful test of

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement motivation. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  personality. 
D)  memory capacity. 
A)  achievement motivation. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  personality. 
D)  memory capacity.

Question 11

On which of the following questions would a Gestalt psychologist probably disagree with a behaviorist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is it useful to analyze behavior and perception into component elements? 
B)  Is there a biological basis for endogenous depression? 
C)  Is operant conditioning different from classical conditioning? 
D)  Is it possible to conduct replicable studies in psychology? 
A)  Is it useful to analyze behavior and perception into component elements? 
B)  Is there a biological basis for endogenous depression? 
C)  Is operant conditioning different from classical conditioning? 
D)  Is it possible to conduct replicable studies in psychology?

Question 12

Evidence in favor of Spearman's "g" factor is the positive correlation among different tests of

Accepted Answer

A)  personality. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  genetics. 
D)  anxiety. 
A)  personality. 
B)  intelligence. 
C)  genetics. 
D)  anxiety.

Question 13

An experimenter asks a group of 6-year-old children to try to repeat lists of two to eight numbers or letters immediately after hearing them. Five years later the same experimenter asks the same children, now 11 years old, to repeat new lists of two to eight numbers or letters. This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-sectional study of long-term memory. 
B)  cross-sectional study of short-term memory. 
C)  longitudinal study of short-term memory. 
D)  longitudinal study of long-term memory. 
A)  cross-sectional study of long-term memory. 
B)  cross-sectional study of short-term memory. 
C)  longitudinal study of short-term memory. 
D)  longitudinal study of long-term memory.

Question 14

Several studies find that among college students, use of illegal drugs is negatively correlated with grade-point average. Which conclusion, if any, do these results justify?

Accepted Answer

A)  The use of illegal drugs impairs either learning, memory, or concentration. 
B)  Highly conscientious students, who are likely to do well in school, avoid illegal drugs. 
C)  Students who spend their time and effort on risky activities do not spend much time studying. 
D)  The results do not justify any of these conclusions. 
A)  The use of illegal drugs impairs either learning, memory, or concentration. 
B)  Highly conscientious students, who are likely to do well in school, avoid illegal drugs. 
C)  Students who spend their time and effort on risky activities do not spend much time studying. 
D)  The results do not justify any of these conclusions.

Question 15

Which of the following tests is commonly used to measure personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Raven's Progressive Matrices 
B)  MMPI 
C)  Torrance Tests 
D)  WISC-IV 
A)  Raven's Progressive Matrices 
B)  MMPI 
C)  Torrance Tests 
D)  WISC-IV

Question 16

It appears that the best type of learning in classical conditioning occurs when the time period between presentation of the UCS and CS is

Accepted Answer

A)  very long. 
B)  longer than the time period between presentation of the UCR and the CR. 
C)  about the same as that between the UCR and the CR. 
D)  very brief. 
A)  very long. 
B)  longer than the time period between presentation of the UCR and the CR. 
C)  about the same as that between the UCR and the CR. 
D)  very brief.

Question 17

Damage to the hippocampus is most likely to produce impairments in

Accepted Answer

A)  memory. 
B)  hunger and thirst. 
C)  sexual motivation. 
D)  sleep. 
A)  memory. 
B)  hunger and thirst. 
C)  sexual motivation. 
D)  sleep.

Question 18

Free association is a method used by

Accepted Answer

A)  psychologists studying the difference between short-term and long-term memory. 
B)  cognitive psychologists studying how we form categories. 
C)  Freudian psychologists in psychotherapy. 
D)  behavioral psychologists studying stimulus-response associations. 
A)  psychologists studying the difference between short-term and long-term memory. 
B)  cognitive psychologists studying how we form categories. 
C)  Freudian psychologists in psychotherapy. 
D)  behavioral psychologists studying stimulus-response associations.

Question 19

Our tendency to overemphasize internal explanations of other people's behavior is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  paradoxical intervention. 
B)  the representativeness heuristic. 
C)  the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  proactive interference. 
A)  paradoxical intervention. 
B)  the representativeness heuristic. 
C)  the fundamental attribution error. 
D)  proactive interference.

Question 20

Which of the following is related to sex-linked genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory capacity 
B)  susceptibility to hypnosis 
C)  schizophrenia 
D)  color blindness 
A)  short-term memory capacity 
B)  susceptibility to hypnosis 
C)  schizophrenia 
D)  color blindness

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

The systematic desensitization of a phobia resembles which aspect of learning?

The assumption that everything that happens has a cause is called

A mnemonic device is a method of improving one's

Which of the following types of intelligence would psychologists predict to continue to increase for as long as a person remains active and alert?

Someone with damage to the semicircular canals would be most likely to have problems with

Which of the following is one least likely to meet?

People with which psychological disorder tend to enter REM sleep unusually rapidly (less than 45 minutes after going to sleep)?

Substance P has been shown to be related to

In the Implicit Association Test, you might press the left button for "pleasant words or insects" and the right button for "unpleasant words or flowers." This test has been modified to measure people's

In 1905, Alfred Binet devised the first useful test of

On which of the following questions would a Gestalt psychologist probably disagree with a behaviorist?

Evidence in favor of Spearman's "g" factor is the positive correlation among different tests of

Several studies find that among college students, use of illegal drugs is negatively correlated with grade-point average. Which conclusion, if any, do these results justify?

Which of the following tests is commonly used to measure personality?

It appears that the best type of learning in classical conditioning occurs when the time period between presentation of the UCS and CS is

Damage to the hippocampus is most likely to produce impairments in

Free association is a method used by

Our tendency to overemphasize internal explanations of other people's behavior is known as

Which of the following is related to sex-linked genes?

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

Memory

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

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