Exam 6: Section 3: Memory

Sigmund Freud believed that even though a person is not consciously aware of repressed memories, they can influence the person's behavior and personality.

The capacity of short-term memory is virtually limitless.

Students who commit the necessary time to learning retain significantly more information than those who use cramming or massed practice.

New information can distort the recollection of information that is already stored in long-term memory.

Backward-acting memory interference is called proactive interference.

Richard Thompson proposed that memories of simple behaviors were stored in specific locations in the cerebellum.

A schema is simply a cluster of knowledge or information about a particular topic, such as amusement parks, airplanes, or college dormitories.

Sensory memory briefly stores our sensory impressions of the world so that they overlap slightly with one another.

Interaction theory suggests that forgetting occurs because by one memory competing with another memory.

The typical sequence of behaviors or actions at a common event, such as checking out at a grocery store or going to the movies, is a particular type of schema that psychologists call a script.

In the stage model of memory, the first stage is called sensory memory.

"No, wait, 7449 is my old extension! I just can't remember my new extension. Hold on, I've got it written on the back of my business cards," Nathan explained as he fumbled with his wallet, looking for the business card. Nathan is experiencing proactive interference.

Brain-imaging studies have confirmed that performing a complex memory task involves only a single region of the brain, the hippocampus.

H.M. retained a limited ability to form new episodic memories.

The tip-of-the-tongue experience is a common example of retrieval cue failure.

Recovery therapists have been criticized for using highly suggestive techniques, such as hypnosis, in trying to "recover" supposedly repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse.

The working memory system that holds all of the information that you are currently thinking about is called short-term memory.

In his eighth-grade history class, Michael had to recite Lincoln's Gettysburg Address from memory. Michael did well at the beginning and end of the Address, but forgot some sentences in the middle. This example illustrates the serial position effect.

Long-term memory functions much like a tape recorder or camera; it captures, stores, and maintains a perfect record of everything that a person experiences.

A test with multiple-choice questions is an example of using free recall to measure long-term memory.