Exam 6: Section 3: Memory

The notion of "imagination inflation" is the idea that over the course of time, people "inflate" the importance of their own behavior in determining the course of events over their lifetime.

Applying information to yourself, the self-reference effect, improves your memory for information.

Organizing items into related groups during recall from long-term memory is called "clustering."

Repression is motivated forgetting that occurs consciously and involves a deliberate attempt to not think about and remember specific information.

Source confusion is a common cause of false memories.

In the fMRI study described in the Focus on Neuroscience, "Assembling Memories," the participants who had memorized the label "dog" with the sound of a dog barking showed a high level of activation in the auditory cortex when they retrieved the memory.

Dementia is a term that refers specifically to the progressive deterioration and impairment of memory, reasoning ability, and other cognitive functions as a result of a disease or condition.

Psychologist George Sperling is one of the most widely recognized authorities on eyewitness memory and the different ways it can go awry.

Episodic memory is the category of long-term memory that includes the memory of facts, names, concepts, and other general knowledge.

When Travis arrived at his 9 AM math class, a classmate asked Travis what had been discussed in the 8 AM political science class. Travis was able to answer because the information was stored in his long-term memory.

In a cross-cultural study investigating first memories, European American college students usually reported first memories that were self-focused and revolved around a specific event or experience.

According to the working memory model developed by British psychologist Alan Baddeley, the "central executive" controls attention, integrates information, and manages the activities of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad.

If you were to apply the research on forgetting to studying for exams in college, you would try to learn as much material in as short a time as possible.

The essence of encoding failure is that certain kinds of information are so abstract or technical that it is impossible to encode the information for storage in long-term memory.

One important memory process is encoding, or the transforming of information into a form that can be entered and retained by the memory system.

The amygdala is involved in encoding the emotional qualities of memories.

Regardless of whether it is visual or auditory, sensory memory registers a limited amount of information from the environment but holds that information for up to 20 seconds.

Forward-acting memory interference is called retroactive interference.

A great deal of information is held during the sensory memory stage, but only for a couple of seconds at the longest.

Mood congruence is an encoding specificity phenomenon in which a given mood tends to evoke memories that are consistent with that mood.