Question 1

Describe the function of the medullary cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) The medullary cavity contains compact bone lamella oriented for strength. 
B) The medullary cavity contains spongy bone oriented along lines of stress. 
C) The medullary cavity is a fibrous membrane containing blood vessels,lymphatic vessels,and sensory nerves. 
D) The medullary cavity contains cartilage that allows long bones to get longer. 
E) The medullary cavity contains the red bone marrow and the yellow bone marrow. 
A) The medullary cavity contains compact bone lamella oriented for strength. 
B) The medullary cavity contains spongy bone oriented along lines of stress. 
C) The medullary cavity is a fibrous membrane containing blood vessels,lymphatic vessels,and sensory nerves. 
D) The medullary cavity contains cartilage that allows long bones to get longer. 
E) The medullary cavity contains the red bone marrow and the yellow bone marrow.

Question 2

Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) fibrous connective-tissue model. 
B) cartilage model. 
C) membranous model. 
D) calcified model. 
E) osteoblasts model. 
A) fibrous connective-tissue model. 
B) cartilage model. 
C) membranous model. 
D) calcified model. 
E) osteoblasts model.

Question 3

Describe the functions of osteocytes.

Accepted Answer

A) Osteocytes are stem cells that form osteoblasts. 
B) Osteocytes are immature bone cells that secrete the organic components of bone matrix. 
C) Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix. 
D) Osteocytes are cells that remove the bone matrix. 
E) Osteocytes are cells that form cartilage. 
A) Osteocytes are stem cells that form osteoblasts. 
B) Osteocytes are immature bone cells that secrete the organic components of bone matrix. 
C) Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix. 
D) Osteocytes are cells that remove the bone matrix. 
E) Osteocytes are cells that form cartilage.

Question 4

Define open fracture and closed fracture.

Accepted Answer

A) An open fracture is one where the bone pierces the skin; a closed fracture is one where no bone pierces the skin. 
B) An open fracture is one where no bone pierces the skin; a closed fracture is one where bone pierces the skin. 
C) An open fracture is one where the bone remains in alignment; a closed fracture is one where the bone is no longer in alignment. 
D) An open fracture is one where the bone is no longer in alignment; a closed fracture is one where the bone remains in alignment. 
E) An open fracture is one where the break is along the long axis of the bone; a closed fracture is one where the break is not along the long axis of the bone. 
A) An open fracture is one where the bone pierces the skin; a closed fracture is one where no bone pierces the skin. 
B) An open fracture is one where no bone pierces the skin; a closed fracture is one where bone pierces the skin. 
C) An open fracture is one where the bone remains in alignment; a closed fracture is one where the bone is no longer in alignment. 
D) An open fracture is one where the bone is no longer in alignment; a closed fracture is one where the bone remains in alignment. 
E) An open fracture is one where the break is along the long axis of the bone; a closed fracture is one where the break is not along the long axis of the bone.

Question 5

A fracture of the bone across its long axis is called a(n)________ fracture.

Accepted Answer

A) compression 
B) comminuted 
C) articulated 
D) spiral 
E) transverse 
A) compression 
B) comminuted 
C) articulated 
D) spiral 
E) transverse

Question 6

The most abundant mineral in the human body is

Accepted Answer

A) sodium. 
B) potassium. 
C) phosphorus. 
D) calcium. 
E) hydrogen. 
A) sodium. 
B) potassium. 
C) phosphorus. 
D) calcium. 
E) hydrogen.

Question 7

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the

Accepted Answer

A) endosteum. 
B) periosteum. 
C) epimysium. 
D) perimysium. 
E) perichondrium. 
A) endosteum. 
B) periosteum. 
C) epimysium. 
D) perimysium. 
E) perichondrium.

Question 8

Describe Marfan syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Marfan syndrome is a hereditar

Question 9

The expanded articular end of an epiphysis that is separated from the shaft by a narrower neck is termed a

Accepted Answer

A) facet. 
B) diaphysis. 
C) head. 
D) tubercle. 
E) condyle. 
A) facet. 
B) diaphysis. 
C) head. 
D) tubercle. 
E) condyle.

Question 10

The intestinal response to PTH secretion when calcium ion levels are low is that calcium is

Accepted Answer

A) released. 
B) excreted. 
C) conserved. 
D) absorbed quickly. 
E) absorbed slowly. 
A) released. 
B) excreted. 
C) conserved. 
D) absorbed quickly. 
E) absorbed slowly.

Question 11

Fat is stored within the

Accepted Answer

A) medullary cavity. 
B) metaphysis. 
C) spongy bone. 
D) epiphysis. 
E) diaphysis. 
A) medullary cavity. 
B) metaphysis. 
C) spongy bone. 
D) epiphysis. 
E) diaphysis.

Question 12

Bones that develop within tendons are called ________ bones.

Accepted Answer

A) irregular 
B) sesamoid 
C) sutural 
D) Wormian 
E) tendon 
A) irregular 
B) sesamoid 
C) sutural 
D) Wormian 
E) tendon

Question 13

Explain the primary difference between endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification.

Accepted Answer

A) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops from a cartilage model,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops from mesenchymal cells. 
B) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops from mesenchymal cells,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops from a cartilage model. 
C) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops fast,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops slowly. 
D) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops slowly,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops fast. 
E) The primary difference is that endochondral ossification is embryonic bone development,whereas intramembranous ossification is post-natal bone growth. 
A) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops from a cartilage model,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops from mesenchymal cells. 
B) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops from mesenchymal cells,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops from a cartilage model. 
C) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops fast,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops slowly. 
D) The primary difference is that in endochondral ossification,bone develops slowly,whereas in intramembranous ossification,bone develops fast. 
E) The primary difference is that endochondral ossification is embryonic bone development,whereas intramembranous ossification is post-natal bone growth.

Question 14

The articular cartilage of a typical long bone covers portions of what part of the bone?

Accepted Answer

A) metaphysis 
B) diaphysis 
C) epiphysis 
D) nutrient foramen 
E) medullary cavity 
A) metaphysis 
B) diaphysis 
C) epiphysis 
D) nutrient foramen 
E) medullary cavity

Question 15

The lacunae of osseous tissue contain

Accepted Answer

A) blood cells. 
B) osteocytes. 
C) chondroblasts. 
D) bone marrow. 
E) capillaries. 
A) blood cells. 
B) osteocytes. 
C) chondroblasts. 
D) bone marrow. 
E) capillaries.

Question 16

Which of the following is not true of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

A) It interacts with the muscular system to provide movement. 
B) It interacts with the lymphatic system to regulate calcium levels. 
C) It interacts with the nervous system by providing protection to the spinal cord. 
D) It interacts with the cardiovascular system by providing blood cells. 
E) It interacts with the digestive system by absorbing more calcium when needed. 
A) It interacts with the muscular system to provide movement. 
B) It interacts with the lymphatic system to regulate calcium levels. 
C) It interacts with the nervous system by providing protection to the spinal cord. 
D) It interacts with the cardiovascular system by providing blood cells. 
E) It interacts with the digestive system by absorbing more calcium when needed.

Question 17

List the different terms used to describe projections.

Accepted Answer

Various terms for projections

Question 18

Compare gigantism with acromegaly.

Accepted Answer

A) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone after puberty. 
B) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone after puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty. 
C) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone during fetal bone development,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood but before puberty. 
D) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an underproduction of growth hormone before puberty. 
E) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an underproduction of growth hormone after puberty. 
A) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone after puberty. 
B) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone after puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty. 
C) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone during fetal bone development,whereas acromegaly results from an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood but before puberty. 
D) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an underproduction of growth hormone before puberty. 
E) Gigantism results from an overproduction of growth hormone before puberty,whereas acromegaly results from an underproduction of growth hormone after puberty.

Question 19

The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from many directions is ________ bone.

Accepted Answer

A) spongy 
B) trabeculae 
C) compact 
D) lamellar 
E) irregular 
A) spongy 
B) trabeculae 
C) compact 
D) lamellar 
E) irregular

Question 20

Which of the following is not a characteristic of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

A) The matrix of the bone is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts. 
B) The matrix of the bone contains osteocytes. 
C) Narrow channels pass through the matrix to allow for an exchange of nutrients. 
D) It is the site of hematopoiesis. 
E) It contains osteons. 
A) The matrix of the bone is very dense and contains deposits of calcium salts. 
B) The matrix of the bone contains osteocytes. 
C) Narrow channels pass through the matrix to allow for an exchange of nutrients. 
D) It is the site of hematopoiesis. 
E) It contains osteons.

Exam 6: Bones and Bone Structure

Describe the function of the medullary cavity.

Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of a(n)

Describe the functions of osteocytes.

Define open fracture and closed fracture.

A fracture of the bone across its long axis is called a(n)________ fracture.

The most abundant mineral in the human body is

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the

Describe Marfan syndrome.

The expanded articular end of an epiphysis that is separated from the shaft by a narrower neck is termed a

The intestinal response to PTH secretion when calcium ion levels are low is that calcium is

Fat is stored within the

Bones that develop within tendons are called ________ bones.

Explain the primary difference between endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification.

The articular cartilage of a typical long bone covers portions of what part of the bone?

The lacunae of osseous tissue contain

Which of the following is not true of the skeletal system?

List the different terms used to describe projections.

Compare gigantism with acromegaly.

The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from many directions is ________ bone.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of compact bone?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters