Question 1

________ prevents damaging bone-to-bone contact within movable joints.

Accepted Answer

A) Yellow bone marrow 
B) Articular cartilage 
C) Red bone marrow 
D) Spongy bone 
E) The medullary cavity 
A) Yellow bone marrow 
B) Articular cartilage 
C) Red bone marrow 
D) Spongy bone 
E) The medullary cavity

Question 2

Identify the hormone that stimulates the release of calcium ions from bone matrix.Explain its mechanism of action.

Accepted Answer

A) parathyroid hormone; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix 
B) parathyroid hormone; increases osteoclast break down of bone matrix 
C) calcitonin; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix 
D) calcitonin; increases osteoclast break down of bone matrix 
E) cholecalciferol; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix 
A) parathyroid hormone; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix 
B) parathyroid hormone; increases osteoclast break down of bone matrix 
C) calcitonin; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix 
D) calcitonin; increases osteoclast break down of bone matrix 
E) cholecalciferol; increases osteoblast break down of bone matrix

Question 3

________ free calcium from bone to maintain blood calcium levels.

Accepted Answer

A) Osteoblasts 
B) Osteocytes 
C) Osteogenic cells 
D) Osteoclasts 
A) Osteoblasts 
B) Osteocytes 
C) Osteogenic cells 
D) Osteoclasts

Question 4

Define osteon.

Accepted Answer

A) An osteon is the functional unit of spongy bone. 
B) An osteon is the functional unit of compact bone. 
C) An osteon is the structural unit of spongy bone. 
D) An osteon is functional unit of trabecular bone. 
E) An osteon is the nest that an osteocyte occupies. 
A) An osteon is the functional unit of spongy bone. 
B) An osteon is the functional unit of compact bone. 
C) An osteon is the structural unit of spongy bone. 
D) An osteon is functional unit of trabecular bone. 
E) An osteon is the nest that an osteocyte occupies.

Question 5

In appositional growth,successive layers of what structure are added to the outer surface of the bone?

Accepted Answer

A) osteons 
B) perforating fibers 
C) osteoclastic crypts 
D) circumferential lamellae 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) osteons 
B) perforating fibers 
C) osteoclastic crypts 
D) circumferential lamellae 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

A) roof of the skull 
B) carpal bones 
C) femur 
D) clavicle 
E) both the roof of the skull and the clavicle 
A) roof of the skull 
B) carpal bones 
C) femur 
D) clavicle 
E) both the roof of the skull and the clavicle

Question 7

Describe the kidney and intestinal responses to PTH.

Accepted Answer

PTH stimulates an increase in the produc

Question 8

A ________ is a rounded passageway for passage of blood vessels and/or nerves.

Accepted Answer

A) line 
B) ramus 
C) fissure 
D) process 
E) foramen 
A) line 
B) ramus 
C) fissure 
D) process 
E) foramen

Question 9

Through the action of osteoclasts,

Accepted Answer

A) new bone is formed. 
B) an organic framework is formed. 
C) bony matrix is dissolved. 
D) osteoid is calcified. 
E) fractured bones regenerate. 
A) new bone is formed. 
B) an organic framework is formed. 
C) bony matrix is dissolved. 
D) osteoid is calcified. 
E) fractured bones regenerate.

Question 10

Put the following steps of fracture repair into the correct order. 
1.Extensive bleeding occurs.
2)An internal callus forms from a network of spongy bone.
3)Hematoma is formed to close off blood flow.
4)Remodeling continues by osteoblasts and osteoclasts leaving little evidence of the break.
5)Osteoblasts replace the central cartilage of the callus.

Accepted Answer

A) 3,2,1,5,4 
B) 1,3,2,5,4 
C) 1,2,3,4,5 
D) 3,1,2,5,4 
E) 1,3,2,4,5 
A) 3,2,1,5,4 
B) 1,3,2,5,4 
C) 1,2,3,4,5 
D) 3,1,2,5,4 
E) 1,3,2,4,5

________ prevents damaging bone-to-bone contact within movable joints.

Identify the hormone that stimulates the release of calcium ions from bone matrix.Explain its mechanism of action.

________ free calcium from bone to maintain blood calcium levels.

Define osteon.

In appositional growth,successive layers of what structure are added to the outer surface of the bone?

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Describe the kidney and intestinal responses to PTH.

A ________ is a rounded passageway for passage of blood vessels and/or nerves.

Through the action of osteoclasts,

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Exam 6: Bones and Bone Structure

________ prevents damaging bone-to-bone contact within movable joints.

Identify the hormone that stimulates the release of calcium ions from bone matrix.Explain its mechanism of action.

________ free calcium from bone to maintain blood calcium levels.

Define osteon.

In appositional growth,successive layers of what structure are added to the outer surface of the bone?

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Describe the kidney and intestinal responses to PTH.

A ________ is a rounded passageway for passage of blood vessels and/or nerves.

Through the action of osteoclasts,

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Level of Organization

Cellular Level of Organization

Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeleton

Joints

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain, cranial Nerves, and Sensory and Motor Pathways

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart and Cardiovascular Function

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid,electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters