Question 1

When a lottery jackpot is larger than usual:

Accepted Answer

A) fewer people buy lottery tickets. 
B) more people buy lottery tickets. 
C) the behavior of people supports rational choice theory. 
D) the likelihood of any one person winning increases. 
A) fewer people buy lottery tickets. 
B) more people buy lottery tickets. 
C) the behavior of people supports rational choice theory. 
D) the likelihood of any one person winning increases.

Question 2

Between the ages of 1 and 5 years, the average child learns about _____ new words every day.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 or 2 
B) 3 or 4 
C) 6 or 7 
D) 10 or 12 
A) 1 or 2 
B) 3 or 4 
C) 6 or 7 
D) 10 or 12

Question 3

Babies begin to use single words at an average age of _____ months.

Accepted Answer

A) 4-6 
B) 6-10 
C) 10-12 
D) 12-18 
A) 4-6 
B) 6-10 
C) 10-12 
D) 12-18

Question 4

Internationally adopted preschoolers acquire a second language:

Accepted Answer

A) in the same orderly sequence as younger monolingual infants. 
B) without having to progress through as many steps as younger monolingual infants. 
C) almost immediately, because syntax was already learned in their native language. 
D) much slower than younger monolingual infants, reflecting interference from their native language. 
A) in the same orderly sequence as younger monolingual infants. 
B) without having to progress through as many steps as younger monolingual infants. 
C) almost immediately, because syntax was already learned in their native language. 
D) much slower than younger monolingual infants, reflecting interference from their native language.

Question 5

Jen was concerned when her 4-year-old son, Anthony, started saying, "I eated dinner." Jen should not worry because Anthony is:

Accepted Answer

A) learning how to fast map. 
B) simply confusing the deep structure with the simple structure of the sentence. 
C) experiencing a momentary episode of dysphasia. 
D) overgeneralizing from the grammatical language rules. 
A) learning how to fast map. 
B) simply confusing the deep structure with the simple structure of the sentence. 
C) experiencing a momentary episode of dysphasia. 
D) overgeneralizing from the grammatical language rules.

Question 6

Shannon feels miserable in her marriage but refuses to consider getting a divorce; she feels that a divorce would completely waste all of the hard work she has put into making the marriage work for 20 years. Shannon's line of reasoning best illustrates the:

Accepted Answer

A) sunk-cost fallacy. 
B) conjunction fallacy. 
C) problem of codependent probabilities. 
D) family resemblance bias. 
A) sunk-cost fallacy. 
B) conjunction fallacy. 
C) problem of codependent probabilities. 
D) family resemblance bias.

Question 7

Wernicke's area is located in the _____ cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) left frontal 
B) right frontal 
C) left temporal 
D) right temporal 
A) left frontal 
B) right frontal 
C) left temporal 
D) right temporal

Question 8

A researcher administers a survey on issues related to the U.S.s health care system to a sample consisting of 60 percent medical doctors, 30 percent economists, and 10 percent lawyers. One of those people surveyed was William, who is 50 years old, wears a shirt and tie, and is good with numbers. William is concerned that the expense of our current health care system will ultimately cause it to collapse. Which statement MOST likely describes William's occupation?

Accepted Answer

A) William is probably a doctor. 
B) William is probably a lawyer. 
C) William is probably an economist. 
D) It is equally likely that William is a doctor or an economist, but unlikely that he is a lawyer. 
A) William is probably a doctor. 
B) William is probably a lawyer. 
C) William is probably an economist. 
D) It is equally likely that William is a doctor or an economist, but unlikely that he is a lawyer.

Question 9

Reasoning that is NOT influenced by prior beliefs is termed _____ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) belief-biased 
B) belief-laden 
C) syllogistic 
D) belief-neutral 
A) belief-biased 
B) belief-laden 
C) syllogistic 
D) belief-neutral

Question 10

Friends and colleagues noticed a change in Andrew's behavior after Andrew, age 60, suffered a stroke. Andrew shifted most of his retirement assets to high-risk stocks, began an affair with his secretary, and started using cocaine. Andrew most likely suffered damage to his:

Accepted Answer

A) prefrontal cortex. 
B) Wernicke's area. 
C) amygdala. 
D) right temporal lobe. 
A) prefrontal cortex. 
B) Wernicke's area. 
C) amygdala. 
D) right temporal lobe.

Question 11

_____ proposed the family resemblance and prototype theories of categorization.

Accepted Answer

A) Aristotle 
B) Eleanor Rosch 
C) William James 
D) Benjamin Whorf 
A) Aristotle 
B) Eleanor Rosch 
C) William James 
D) Benjamin Whorf

Question 12

The availability bias is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) algorithm. 
B) heuristic. 
C) fallacy. 
D) framing effect. 
A) algorithm. 
B) heuristic. 
C) fallacy. 
D) framing effect.

Question 13

Simon is meek, tidy, quiet, and overly concerned with order and detail. When given the choice of guessing if Simon works at the library or at the hospital, most people guess the library, even though the hospital employs more people. The guess that Simon works at the library is due to:

Accepted Answer

A) rational choice theory. 
B) base-rate decision making. 
C) the representative heuristic. 
D) the conjunction fallacy. 
A) rational choice theory. 
B) base-rate decision making. 
C) the representative heuristic. 
D) the conjunction fallacy.

Question 14

"B" and "p" differ in the way they are produced by a human speaker. As such, they are both examples of:

Accepted Answer

A) phonemes. 
B) symbols. 
C) morphemes. 
D) phrases. 
A) phonemes. 
B) symbols. 
C) morphemes. 
D) phrases.

Question 15

Claire spent $100 for a nonrefundable ticket to a play. Then she found out her granddaughter's first dance recital was that day. Claire really wanted to go to the recital, but she felt obligated to go to the play. Claire was displaying:

Accepted Answer

A) the representative heuristic. 
B) the sunk-cost fallacy. 
C) functional fixedness. 
D) family resemblance bias. 
A) the representative heuristic. 
B) the sunk-cost fallacy. 
C) functional fixedness. 
D) family resemblance bias.

Question 16

A mental representation that groups or categorizes shared features of related objects is also known as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) prototype. 
B) exemplar. 
C) ideal form. 
D) concept. 
A) prototype. 
B) exemplar. 
C) ideal form. 
D) concept.

Question 17

Given that 1 in 10 babies are born with a vascular birthmark, what is the approximate probability of having a boy with a vascular birthmark?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 percent 
B) 10 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 60 percent 
A) 5 percent 
B) 10 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 60 percent

Question 18

A grammar rule contains which two categories of rules?

Accepted Answer

A) phonological and morphological 
B) morphological and syntactical 
C) deep structure and surface structure 
D) noun phrases and verb phrases 
A) phonological and morphological 
B) morphological and syntactical 
C) deep structure and surface structure 
D) noun phrases and verb phrases

Question 19

Two-year-old Lupe says to her mother "More drink" and "Where dog?" This kind of language use is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) telegraphic speech. 
B) fast mapping. 
C) simple structure. 
D) babbling. 
A) telegraphic speech. 
B) fast mapping. 
C) simple structure. 
D) babbling.

Question 20

Semantics refer to the _____ structure of a sentence.

Accepted Answer

A) syntactical 
B) phonetic 
C) morphological 
D) deep 
A) syntactical 
B) phonetic 
C) morphological 
D) deep

Exam 9: Section 2: Language and Thought

When a lottery jackpot is larger than usual:

Between the ages of 1 and 5 years, the average child learns about _____ new words every day.

Babies begin to use single words at an average age of _____ months.

Internationally adopted preschoolers acquire a second language:

Jen was concerned when her 4-year-old son, Anthony, started saying, "I eated dinner." Jen should not worry because Anthony is:

Shannon feels miserable in her marriage but refuses to consider getting a divorce; she feels that a divorce would completely waste all of the hard work she has put into making the marriage work for 20 years. Shannon's line of reasoning best illustrates the:

Wernicke's area is located in the _____ cortex.

Reasoning that is NOT influenced by prior beliefs is termed _____ reasoning.

Friends and colleagues noticed a change in Andrew's behavior after Andrew, age 60, suffered a stroke. Andrew shifted most of his retirement assets to high-risk stocks, began an affair with his secretary, and started using cocaine. Andrew most likely suffered damage to his:

_____ proposed the family resemblance and prototype theories of categorization.

The availability bias is an example of a(n):

Simon is meek, tidy, quiet, and overly concerned with order and detail. When given the choice of guessing if Simon works at the library or at the hospital, most people guess the library, even though the hospital employs more people. The guess that Simon works at the library is due to:

"B" and "p" differ in the way they are produced by a human speaker. As such, they are both examples of:

Claire spent $100 for a nonrefundable ticket to a play. Then she found out her granddaughter's first dance recital was that day. Claire really wanted to go to the recital, but she felt obligated to go to the play. Claire was displaying:

A mental representation that groups or categorizes shared features of related objects is also known as a(n):

Given that 1 in 10 babies are born with a vascular birthmark, what is the approximate probability of having a boy with a vascular birthmark?

A grammar rule contains which two categories of rules?

Two-year-old Lupe says to her mother "More drink" and "Where dog?" This kind of language use is referred to as:

Semantics refer to the _____ structure of a sentence.

Section 1: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 2: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 3: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 4 : Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 5: Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 6 : Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Section 1: Methods in Psychology

Section 2: Methods in Psychology

Section 3: Methods in Psychology

Section 4: Methods in Psychology

Section 5: Methods in Psychology

Section 6: Methods in Psychology

Section 1: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 2: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 3: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 4: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 5: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 6: Neuroscience and Behavior

Section 1 : Sensation and Perception

Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Section 3: Sensation and Perception

Section 4: Sensation and Perception

Section 5: Sensation and Perception

Section 6: Sensation and Perception

Section 1: Consciousness

Section 2: Consciousness

Section 3: Consciousness

Section 4: Consciousness

Section 5: Consciousness

Section 6: Consciousness

Section 1: Memory

Section 2: Memory

Section 3: Memory

Section 4: Memory

Section 5: Memory

Section 6: Memory

Section 1: Learning

Section 2: Learning

Section 3: Learning

Section 4: Learning

Section 5 : Learning

Section 6: Learning

Section 1: Emotion and Motivation

Section 2: Emotion and Motivation

Section 3: Emotion and Motivation

Section 4: Emotion and Motivation

Section 5: Emotion and Motivation

Section 6: Emotion and Motivation

Section 1: Language and Thought

Section 3: Language and Thought

Section 4: Language and Thought

Section 5: Language and Thought

Section 6: Language and Thought

Section 1: Intelligence

Section 2: Intelligence

Section 3: Intelligence

Section 4 : Intelligence

Section 5: Intelligence

Section 6 : Intelligence

Section 1: Development