Exam 4: A: Growth and Health

Boys reach their mature stature about two years before girls do.

Toddlers and young children have disproportionately small heads.

Most people with osteoporosis are women.

The gradual disappearance of synapses is thought to be beneficial because it weeds out synapses that are not frequently used.

The ability to perceive spatial relations is usually largely due to neurons located in the left hemisphere of the brain.

The pituitary gland signals other glands to secrete hormones that stimulate pubertal changes in the body.

Breast-fed babies are ill more often than bottle-fed babies.

Bones acquire most of their mass during childhood and adolescence.

Most of the body's muscle fibres are not present at birth.

Adopted children and adolescents' weights are related to the weights of their adoptive parents and not to the weights of their biological parents.

The age of menarche is still dropping in industrialized countries.

The effects of malnutrition are especially damaging during infancy.

Initial ejaculations usually contain enough sperm to fertilize an egg.

Growth hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland.

Infants need to consume fewer calories per kilogram of body weight than do adults.

Early adolescence is a period of rapid growth.

Early maturation has psychological consequences that differ for boys and girls.

The ability to produce and understand language is usually largely due to neurons in the left hemisphere of the brain.

Sleep is essential for normal growth because 80 percent of growth hormone is secreted during sleep.

Pneumonia, diarrhea, measles, malaria, and malnutrition account for the vast majority of childhood deaths worldwide.