Exam 14: A2: Social Influences

About 70,000 Canadian marriages end in divorce each year.

Parents in China are less likely to emphasize parental control and are more likely to express affection than are parents in the United States.

Influential and supportive roles are more frequently taken by maternal grandparents than paternal grandparents.

When siblings fight, parents should not interfere and should let them work things out on their own.

Beginning in the second year after a divorce, most children start adjusting to their new circumstances.

Stepchildren are more prone to abuse and neglect than biological children.

Aboriginal Canadian children whose grandmothers live with them are better off than those who live in single-parent families without grandparent involvement.

Many of the effects of divorce are really caused by marital conflict before the divorce.

Maltreatment and abuse can be cut in half when families participate for two or more years in intervention programs that include preschool education and family support.

Sibling relationships improve as the younger sibling reaches adolescence.

Laterborns are more likely to go to university and have higher scores on intelligence tests than firstborns.

Punishment works best when it is administered hours after an undesired behaviour occurs.

Parents with lower socioeconomic status tend to be more controlling and more punitive, characteristics associated with the authoritarian style of parenting.

As children grow older, their parents control them more.

Parents have more realistic expectations and are more relaxed in their discipline with laterborn children.

Older siblings are a source of care and comfort for younger siblings when they are distressed or upset.

After time-out, parents should explain to the child why he/she was punished and what he/she should have done instead.

Children of authoritative parents are often impulsive and have little self-control.

Grandparents are more involved when they live near their grandchildren and when they have a few, rather than many, grandchildren.

Countries that accept physical punishment have lower rates of child abuse.