Question 1

*Describe four themes or issues that often arise in the study of child development.

Accepted Answer

NO ANSWER

Question 2

In an experiment, the null hypothesis states

Accepted Answer

A)  the debriefing information for the participants in this experiment. 
B)  that the researcher will find what his/her theory predicts. 
C)  the previous findings in this area of research. 
D)  that no significant effect will be found in this experiment. 
A)  the debriefing information for the participants in this experiment. 
B)  that the researcher will find what his/her theory predicts. 
C)  the previous findings in this area of research. 
D)  that no significant effect will be found in this experiment. D

Question 3

The American Psychological Society was formed in 1933 in an effort to bring together an interdisciplinary group dedicated to improving children's lives through research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

*Your friends have a new baby girl named Kaycee and they have told you that they can't wait to raise her because they will create a wonderful environment that Kaycee will love. For example, they will never let Kaycee watch worthless shows on television, and she will love to read because they will read to her all the time when she is a baby. What can you tell your friends about the issue of the child being active versus passive in her development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of *Your friends have a new baby girl...

Question 5

Irina wants to study infant language development. She decides to watch 10 babies once a month from birth to two years of age and write down the sounds they make and the words they use. Irina is using

Accepted Answer

A)  self-report. 
B)  systematic observation. 
C)  sampling behaviour with tasks. 
D)  interviews. 
A)  self-report. 
B)  systematic observation. 
C)  sampling behaviour with tasks. 
D)  interviews.

Question 6

Abe is investigating moral reasoning by asking children what they would do in different situations, such as if one of their friends would shoplift when they were together. He is concerned that children may be giving him the answers they think he wants to hear rather than their genuine feelings about what they would really do. Abe is worried about

Accepted Answer

A)  cohort effects. 
B)  representative sampling. 
C)  response bias. 
D)  confidentiality. 
A)  cohort effects. 
B)  representative sampling. 
C)  response bias. 
D)  confidentiality.

Question 7

The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

Accepted Answer

A)  experience molds each person into a unique individual. 
B)  children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C)  heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D)  infants cannot think because their minds are blank. 
A)  experience molds each person into a unique individual. 
B)  children should be left alone so that their good natures can unfold. 
C)  heredity plays a major role in an individual's development. 
D)  infants cannot think because their minds are blank.

Question 8

A strength of experimental studies is that

Accepted Answer

A)  they measure behaviour in a natural setting. 
B)  no manipulation of variables is done. 
C)  they allow conclusions about cause and effect. 
D)  only a single study is needed to definitely settle a question. 
A)  they measure behaviour in a natural setting. 
B)  no manipulation of variables is done. 
C)  they allow conclusions about cause and effect. 
D)  only a single study is needed to definitely settle a question.

Question 9

Which of the following theories has a biological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud's psychosexual theory 
B)  Bandura's social cognitive theory 
C)  Gesell's maturational theory 
D)  Erikson's psychosocial theory 
A)  Freud's psychosexual theory 
B)  Bandura's social cognitive theory 
C)  Gesell's maturational theory 
D)  Erikson's psychosocial theory

Question 10

A theory is supported when research results match the theory's predictions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which shows the correct sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)  preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor 
B)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational 
D)  concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor, preoperational 
A)  preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor 
B)  sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational 
C)  sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational 
D)  concrete operational, formal operational, sensorimotor, preoperational

Question 12

The idea of continuity in development

Accepted Answer

A)  is consistent with the view that behaviour during the preschool years is not related to behaviour during later childhood. 
B)  means that development in one domain is related to development in other domains. 
C)  is consistent with the view that early development is related to later development. 
D)  means that development is jointly influenced by heredity and environment. 
A)  is consistent with the view that behaviour during the preschool years is not related to behaviour during later childhood. 
B)  means that development in one domain is related to development in other domains. 
C)  is consistent with the view that early development is related to later development. 
D)  means that development is jointly influenced by heredity and environment.

Question 13

Why do researchers use quasi-experimental design?

Accepted Answer

A)  To form groups based on random assignment. 
B)  To link variables together. 
C)  To observe behaviour in different settings. 
D)  Because sometimes it is unethical/impossible to form groups based on random assignment. 
A)  To form groups based on random assignment. 
B)  To link variables together. 
C)  To observe behaviour in different settings. 
D)  Because sometimes it is unethical/impossible to form groups based on random assignment.

Question 14

In developmental psychology, a theory not only explains our development, but also makes predictions about what might affect our development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A reward that consists of taking away something unpleasant is called

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  punishment. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  extinction. 
D)  punishment.

Question 16

To measure children's social skill, you decide to use the number of interactions children have with other children. As you collect data, you notice that some children who have many interactions do not seem to be very socially skilled because many of their interactions are negative. This makes you question the ________ of your measure.

Accepted Answer

A)  sampling 
B)  stability 
C)  validity 
D)  reliability 
A)  sampling 
B)  stability 
C)  validity 
D)  reliability

Question 17

Which of the following is true of sampling behaviour with tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling behaviour with tasks may not really sample the behaviour of interest. 
B)  Sampling behaviour with tasks can be used to observe behaviour directly. 
C)  Sampling behaviour with tasks isn't a popular method because it isn't convenient to use. 
D)  Sampling behaviour with tasks might lead some children to provide socially acceptable answers. 
A)  Sampling behaviour with tasks may not really sample the behaviour of interest. 
B)  Sampling behaviour with tasks can be used to observe behaviour directly. 
C)  Sampling behaviour with tasks isn't a popular method because it isn't convenient to use. 
D)  Sampling behaviour with tasks might lead some children to provide socially acceptable answers.

Question 18

In Erikson's psychosocial theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  outcomes of earlier stages influence how well children deal with the challenges of later stages. 
B)  each stage is self-contained and has no influence on other stages. 
C)  physical aspects of development are more important than social aspects of development. 
D)  the same challenges are faced over and over again in each stage. 
A)  outcomes of earlier stages influence how well children deal with the challenges of later stages. 
B)  each stage is self-contained and has no influence on other stages. 
C)  physical aspects of development are more important than social aspects of development. 
D)  the same challenges are faced over and over again in each stage.

Question 19

B.F. Skinner is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  imprinting 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  observational learning 
A)  imprinting 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  observational learning

Question 20

According to ________ theory, development is a result of how conflicts are resolved.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  learning 
C)  cognitive-developmental 
D)  psychodynamic 
A)  biological 
B)  learning 
C)  cognitive-developmental 
D)  psychodynamic

Exam 1: B: The Science of Child Development

*Describe four themes or issues that often arise in the study of child development.

In an experiment, the null hypothesis states

The American Psychological Society was formed in 1933 in an effort to bring together an interdisciplinary group dedicated to improving children's lives through research.

Irina wants to study infant language development. She decides to watch 10 babies once a month from birth to two years of age and write down the sounds they make and the words they use. Irina is using

The idea that the mind of the human infant is a tabula rasa at birth reflects the belief that

A strength of experimental studies is that

Which of the following theories has a biological perspective?

A theory is supported when research results match the theory's predictions.

Which shows the correct sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

The idea of continuity in development

Why do researchers use quasi-experimental design?

In developmental psychology, a theory not only explains our development, but also makes predictions about what might affect our development.

A reward that consists of taking away something unpleasant is called

Which of the following is true of sampling behaviour with tasks?

In Erikson's psychosocial theory,

B.F. Skinner is most closely associated with which of the following concepts?

According to ________ theory, development is a result of how conflicts are resolved.

A: The Science of Child Development

C: The Science of Child Development

A: Genetic Bases of Child Development

B: Genetic Bases of Child Development

C: Genetic Bases of Child Development

A: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

B: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

C: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

A: Growth and Health

B: Growth and Health

C: Growth and Health

A: Perceptual and Motor Development

B: Perceptual and Motor Development

C: Perceptual and Motor Development

A: Theories of Cognitive Development

B: Theories of Cognitive Development

C: Theories of Cognitive Development

A: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

B: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

C: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

A: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

B: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

C: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

A: Language and Communication

B: Language and Communication

C: Language and Communication

A: Emotional Development

B: Emotional Development

C: Emotional Development

A: Understanding Self and Others

B: Understanding Self and Others

C: Understanding Self and Others

A: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

B: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

C: Moral Understanding and Behaviour

A: Gender and Development

B: Gender and Development

C: Gender and Development

A: Social Influences

A2: Social Influences

B: Social Influences

B2: Social Influences

C: Social Influences

C2: Social Influences

Filters