Exam 14: A: Social Influences

Imaginary playmates are a sign of possible developmental problems.

By age 15, the majority of adolescent boys and girls in Canada will have had sexual intercourse at least once.

Many adolescent girls do not believe that pregnancy could happen to them.

Children with both same- and opposite-sex friendships do not differ from those who have only opposite-sex friendships.

During parallel play children engage in similar activities, talk or smile at one another, and offer each other toys.

Occasionally, popular groups of children include physically aggressive boys who pick fights and relationally aggressive girls who manipulate social relationships.

Wandering aimlessly is one type of unhealthy solitary play.

Dominance hierarchies are uncommon in children's groups.

Adolescents are more likely to turn to friends than family members for support.

Student success in school is not related to parental involvement in the school.

Peer pressure is most powerful when the standards for appropriate behaviours are not clear-cut.

In the Family Economic Stress Model (FESM), poverty harms children's development because parents struggling to make ends meet become depressed and parent less effectively.

Children play less cooperatively when parents mediate play.

Most adolescents know the facts of conception.

Students are more likely to succeed in school where the progress of students, teachers, and programs is monitored.

Teens who participate in programs that involve role-playing about sexual situations are more likely to abstain from intercourse or use contraceptives when they do have intercourse.

Intimacy is more common in boys' friendships than in girls' friendships.

Only the students being tutored learn something when peer tutoring is used.

Good teachers use passive, rather than active, teaching methods.

Smarter and more socially skilled children are more likely to be popular.