Exam 6: An Introduction to Metabolism

Living organisms increase in complexity as they grow, resulting in a decrease in the entropy of an organism. How does this relate to the second law of thermodynamics?

According to the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme catalysis, which of the following is correct?

Figure 6.2 Rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction as a function of varying reactant concentration, with the concentration of enzyme constant. -For the enzyme-catalyzed reaction shown in Figure 6.2, which of these treatments will cause the greatest increase in the rate of the reaction, if the initial reactant concentration is 1.0 micromolar?

Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Catabolism is to anabolism as ________ is to ________.

The following questions are based on the reaction A + B ↔ C + D shown in Figure 6.4. Figure 6.4 -Which of the following represents the activation energy required for a noncatalyzed reaction in Figure 6.4?

Figure 6.3 Activity of various enzymes at various temperatures (a) and at various pH (b). -Which temperature and pH profile curves on the graphs were most likely generated from analysis of an enzyme from a human stomach, where conditions are strongly acid?

The following questions are based on the reaction A + B ↔ C + D shown in Figure 6.4. Figure 6.4 -Which of the following in Figure 6.4 would be the same in either an enzyme-catalyzed or a noncatalyzed reaction?

Which of the following is true of enzymes?

Some of the drugs used to treat HIV patients are competitive inhibitors of the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme. Unfortunately, the high mutation rate of HIV means that the virus rapidly acquires mutations with amino acid changes that make them resistant to these competitive inhibitors. Where in the reverse transcriptase enzyme would such amino acid changes most likely occur in drug-resistant viruses?

Which of the following statements is a logical consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

When 10,000 molecules of ATP are hydrolyzed to ADP and ℗i in a test tube, about half as much heat is liberated as when a cell hydrolyzes the same amount of ATP. Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation?

Which of the following types of reactions would decrease the entropy within a cell?

The mathematical expression for the change in free energy of a system is ΔG =ΔH - TΔS. Which of the following is correct?

A series of enzymes catalyze the reaction X → Y → Z → A. Product A binds to the enzyme that converts X to Y at a position remote from its active site. This binding decreases the activity of the enzyme. -With respect to the enzyme that converts X to Y, substance A functions as