Exam 26: The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the integument of a pine seed?

The hydrolytic digestion of which of the following should produce monomers that are aminated (i.e., have an amine group attached) molecules of β-glucose?

Which of the following can be found in gymnosperms?

Which of the following is a true statement about plant reproduction?

Fossil fungi date back to the origin and early evolution of plants. What combination of environmental and morphological change is similar in the evolution of both fungi and plants?

Which of the following sex and generation combinations most directly produces the fruit?

How have fruits contributed to the success of angiosperms?

In onions (Allium), cells of the sporophyte have 16 chromosomes within each nucleus. Match the number of chromosomes present in each of the following onion tissues. -How many chromosomes should be in a megasporangium nucleus?

The adaptive advantage associated with the filamentous nature of fungal mycelia is primarily related to

The next few questions refer to the following phylogenetic trees. I. II. III. IV. -Which tree depicts the microsporidians as a sister group of the ascomycetes?

People who attempted to plant Brazil nuts in hopes of establishing plantations of Brazil nut trees played roles most similar to those of

The next few questions refer to the following phylogenetic trees. I. II. III. IV. -Which tree depicts the closest relationship between zygomycetes and chytrids?

Please refer to the following information to answer the next few questions. Diploid nuclei of the ascomycete, Neurospora crassa, contain 14 chromosomes. A single diploid cell in an ascus will undergo one round of meiosis, followed in each of the daughter cells by one round of mitosis, producing a total of eight ascospores. -What is the ploidy of a single mature ascospore?

Assuming that they all belong to the same plant, arrange the following structures from largest to smallest (or from most inclusive to least inclusive). 1. spores 2) sporophylls 3) sporophytes 4) sporangia

Which of the following was not a challenge for survival of the first land plants?

Immediately after karyogamy occurs, which term applies?

In terms of alternation of generations, the internal parts of the pollen grains of seed-producing plants are most similar to a

In seed plants, which of the following is part of a pollen grain and has a function most like that of the seed coat?

The next few questions refer to the following description. The cycads, a mostly tropical phylum of gymnosperms, evolved about 300 million years ago and were dominant forms during the Age of the Dinosaurs. Though their sperm are flagellated, their ovules are pollinated by beetles. These beetles get nutrition (they eat pollen) and shelter from the microsporophylls. Upon visiting megasporophylls, the beetles transfer pollen to the exposed ovules. In cycads, pollen cones and seed cones are borne on different plants. Cycads synthesize neurotoxins, especially in the seeds, that are effective against most animals, including humans. -If the beetles survive by consuming cycad pollen, then whether the beetles should be considered mutualists with, or parasites of, the cycads depends upon

The fruit of the mistletoe, a parasitic angiosperm, is a one-seeded berry. In members of the genus Viscum, the outside of the seed is viscous (sticky), which permits the seed to adhere to surfaces, such as the branches of host plants or the beaks of birds. What should be expected of the fruit if the viscosity of Viscum seeds is primarily an adaptation for dispersal rather than an adaptation for infecting host plant tissues?