Question 1

Fruits develop from

Accepted Answer

A)  microsporangia. 
B)  receptacles. 
C)  fertilized eggs. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  ovules. 
A)  microsporangia. 
B)  receptacles. 
C)  fertilized eggs. 
D)  ovaries. 
E)  ovules. D

Question 2

What is typically the result of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A)  The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue. 
B)  A triploid zygote is formed. 
C)  Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. 
D)  Two embryos develop in every seed. 
E)  The antipodal cells develop into the seed coat. 
A)  The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue. 
B)  A triploid zygote is formed. 
C)  Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. 
D)  Two embryos develop in every seed. 
E)  The antipodal cells develop into the seed coat. C

Question 3

Recent research has shown that fertilization requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires

Accepted Answer

A)  the rejection of nonself cells. 
B)  the rejection of self cells. 
C)  carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D)  that the flowers be incomplete. 
E)  the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells. 
A)  the rejection of nonself cells. 
B)  the rejection of self cells. 
C)  carpel incompatibility with the egg cells. 
D)  that the flowers be incomplete. 
E)  the union of genetically identical sperm and egg cells. B

Question 4

Where and by which process are sperm cells formed in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  meiosis in pollen grains 
B)  meiosis in anthers 
C)  mitosis in male gametophyte pollen tube 
D)  mitosis in the micropyle 
E)  mitosis in the embryo sac 
A)  meiosis in pollen grains 
B)  meiosis in anthers 
C)  mitosis in male gametophyte pollen tube 
D)  mitosis in the micropyle 
E)  mitosis in the embryo sac

Question 5

Which of the following statements argues an advantage for flowering plants to maintain an extended gametophyte generation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The protection of female gametophytes within ovules keeps them from drying out. 
B)  Sperm with flagella can reach the egg faster. 
C)  It provides sufficient time for the integument to develop into a seed coat. 
D)  It allows for a complex nucleus to develop. 
E)  It allows more time for potential pollination. 
A)  The protection of female gametophytes within ovules keeps them from drying out. 
B)  Sperm with flagella can reach the egg faster. 
C)  It provides sufficient time for the integument to develop into a seed coat. 
D)  It allows for a complex nucleus to develop. 
E)  It allows more time for potential pollination.

Question 6

The structure of a mature, functional fruit always includes

Accepted Answer

A)  one or more seeds. 
B)  extensive vascular connections to the parent plant. 
C)  fleshy cells rich in sugars. 
D)  brightly colored pigments to attract animal dispersers. 
E)  subtending bracts to protect against predators. 
A)  one or more seeds. 
B)  extensive vascular connections to the parent plant. 
C)  fleshy cells rich in sugars. 
D)  brightly colored pigments to attract animal dispersers. 
E)  subtending bracts to protect against predators.

Question 7

The pollen produced by wind-pollinated plants is often smaller than the pollen produced by animal-pollinated plants. A reason for this might be that

Accepted Answer

A)  wind-pollinated plants, in general, are smaller than animal-pollinated plants. 
B)  wind-pollinated plants release pollen in the spring, before the plant has stored enough energy to make large pollen grains. 
C)  small pollen grains can be carried farther by the wind. 
D)  animal pollinators are more facile at picking up large pollen grains. 
E)  wind-pollinated flowers don't need large pollen grains because they don't have to attract animal pollinators. 
A)  wind-pollinated plants, in general, are smaller than animal-pollinated plants. 
B)  wind-pollinated plants release pollen in the spring, before the plant has stored enough energy to make large pollen grains. 
C)  small pollen grains can be carried farther by the wind. 
D)  animal pollinators are more facile at picking up large pollen grains. 
E)  wind-pollinated flowers don't need large pollen grains because they don't have to attract animal pollinators.

Question 8

A fruit is

Accepted Answer

A)  a mature ovary. 
B)  a mature ovule. 
C)  a seed plus its integuments. 
D)  a fused carpel. 
E)  an enlarged embryo sac. 
A)  a mature ovary. 
B)  a mature ovule. 
C)  a seed plus its integuments. 
D)  a fused carpel. 
E)  an enlarged embryo sac.

Question 9

In flowering plants, a mature male gametophyte contains

Accepted Answer

A)  two haploid gametes and a diploid pollen grain. 
B)  a generative cell and a tube cell. 
C)  two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus. 
D)  two haploid microspores. 
E)  a haploid nucleus and a diploid pollen wall. 
A)  two haploid gametes and a diploid pollen grain. 
B)  a generative cell and a tube cell. 
C)  two sperm nuclei and one tube cell nucleus. 
D)  two haploid microspores. 
E)  a haploid nucleus and a diploid pollen wall.

Question 10

Three mitotic divisions within the female gametophyte of a flowering plant will produce

Accepted Answer

A)  three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids. 
B)  the triple fusion nucleus. 
C)  three pollen grains. 
D)  two antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, two eggs, and two synergids. 
E)  a tube nucleus, a generative cell, and a sperm cell. 
A)  three antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, one egg, and two synergids. 
B)  the triple fusion nucleus. 
C)  three pollen grains. 
D)  two antipodal cells, two polar nuclei, two eggs, and two synergids. 
E)  a tube nucleus, a generative cell, and a sperm cell.

Question 11

Which of the following events suggests there is a change in the egg cell membrane after penetration by a sperm?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pollen tube grows away from the egg toward the polar nuclei. 
B)  The Ca2+ concentration increases in the cytoplasm of the egg. 
C)  The egg plasmolyzes. 
D)  Double fertilization occurs. 
E)  The egg changes color. 
A)  The pollen tube grows away from the egg toward the polar nuclei. 
B)  The Ca2+ concentration increases in the cytoplasm of the egg. 
C)  The egg plasmolyzes. 
D)  Double fertilization occurs. 
E)  The egg changes color.

Question 12

Microsporangia in flowering plants are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  stamen. 
B)  carpel. 
C)  petals. 
D)  sepals. 
E)  receptacle. 
A)  stamen. 
B)  carpel. 
C)  petals. 
D)  sepals. 
E)  receptacle.

Question 13

Which of the following is a potential advantage of introducing apomixis into hybrid crop species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultivars would be better able to cope with a rapidly changing environment. 
B)  They would have a larger potential genome than inbred crops. 
C)  All of the desirable traits of the cultivar would be passed on to offspring. 
D)  They would benefit from positive mutations in their DNA. 
E)  It would be easier to introduce novel genes. 
A)  Cultivars would be better able to cope with a rapidly changing environment. 
B)  They would have a larger potential genome than inbred crops. 
C)  All of the desirable traits of the cultivar would be passed on to offspring. 
D)  They would benefit from positive mutations in their DNA. 
E)  It would be easier to introduce novel genes.

Question 14

Which of the following could be considered an evolutionary advantage of asexual reproduction in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased success of progeny in a stable environment 
B)  increased agricultural productivity in a rapidly changing environment 
C)  maintenance and expansion of a large genome 
D)  production of numerous progeny 
E)  increased ability to adapt to a change in the environment 
A)  increased success of progeny in a stable environment 
B)  increased agricultural productivity in a rapidly changing environment 
C)  maintenance and expansion of a large genome 
D)  production of numerous progeny 
E)  increased ability to adapt to a change in the environment

Question 15

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  a single meiotic division. 
B)  a single mitotic division. 
C)  both meiotic and mitotic divisions. 
D)  mitosis from the megaspore mother cell. 
E)  differentiation from the suspensor tissues. 
A)  a single meiotic division. 
B)  a single mitotic division. 
C)  both meiotic and mitotic divisions. 
D)  mitosis from the megaspore mother cell. 
E)  differentiation from the suspensor tissues.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding flowering plants is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sporophyte is the dominant generation. 
B)  Female gametophytes develop from megaspores within the anthers. 
C)  Pollination is the delivery of pollen to the stigma of a carpel. 
D)  The food-storing endosperm is derived from the cell that contains two polar nuclei and one sperm nucleus. 
E)  Flowers produce fruits from the ovaries. 
A)  The sporophyte is the dominant generation. 
B)  Female gametophytes develop from megaspores within the anthers. 
C)  Pollination is the delivery of pollen to the stigma of a carpel. 
D)  The food-storing endosperm is derived from the cell that contains two polar nuclei and one sperm nucleus. 
E)  Flowers produce fruits from the ovaries.

Question 17

All of the following are primary functions of flowers except

Accepted Answer

A)  pollen production. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  egg production. 
E)  sexual reproduction. 
A)  pollen production. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  egg production. 
E)  sexual reproduction.

Question 18

As a flower develops, which transition is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  The microspores become pollen grains. 
B)  The ovule becomes a fruit. 
C)  The petals are retained. 
D)  The vegetative nucleus becomes a sperm nucleus. 
E)  The ovules become ovaries. 
A)  The microspores become pollen grains. 
B)  The ovule becomes a fruit. 
C)  The petals are retained. 
D)  The vegetative nucleus becomes a sperm nucleus. 
E)  The ovules become ovaries.

Question 19

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits from a flower with multiple carpels. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of the flower. Therefore, a strawberry is

Accepted Answer

A)  both a multiple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
B)  both a multiple fruit and an accessory fruit. 
C)  both a simple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
D)  both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit. 
E)  a simple fruit with many seeds. 
A)  both a multiple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
B)  both a multiple fruit and an accessory fruit. 
C)  both a simple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
D)  both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit. 
E)  a simple fruit with many seeds.

Question 20

Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the

Accepted Answer

A)  ovule. 
B)  style. 
C)  megasporangium. 
D)  anther. 
E)  ovary. 
A)  ovule. 
B)  style. 
C)  megasporangium. 
D)  anther. 
E)  ovary.

Exam 30: Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Fruits develop from

What is typically the result of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Recent research has shown that fertilization requires that carpels recognize pollen grains as "self or nonself." For self-incompatibility, the system requires

Where and by which process are sperm cells formed in plants?

Which of the following statements argues an advantage for flowering plants to maintain an extended gametophyte generation?

The structure of a mature, functional fruit always includes

The pollen produced by wind-pollinated plants is often smaller than the pollen produced by animal-pollinated plants. A reason for this might be that

A fruit is

In flowering plants, a mature male gametophyte contains

Three mitotic divisions within the female gametophyte of a flowering plant will produce

Which of the following events suggests there is a change in the egg cell membrane after penetration by a sperm?

Microsporangia in flowering plants are located in the

Which of the following is a potential advantage of introducing apomixis into hybrid crop species?

Which of the following could be considered an evolutionary advantage of asexual reproduction in plants?

A mature, unfertilized ovule in an angiosperm is the result of

Which of the following statements regarding flowering plants is false?

All of the following are primary functions of flowers except

As a flower develops, which transition is most likely to occur?

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits from a flower with multiple carpels. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of the flower. Therefore, a strawberry is

Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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