Question 1

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus. 
E)  medulla oblongata.

Question 2

Tastes and smells are distinct kinds of environmental information in that

Accepted Answer

A)  neural projections from taste receptors reach different parts of the brain than the neural projections from olfactory receptors. 
B)  the single area of the cerebral cortex that receives smell and taste signals can distinguish tastes and smells by the pattern of action potentials received. 
C)  tastant molecules are airborne, whereas odorant molecules are dissolved in fluids. 
D)  distinguishing tastant molecules requires learning, whereas smell discrimination is an innate process. 
E)  odorants bind to receptor proteins, but none of the tastant stimuli will bind to receptors. 
A)  neural projections from taste receptors reach different parts of the brain than the neural projections from olfactory receptors. 
B)  the single area of the cerebral cortex that receives smell and taste signals can distinguish tastes and smells by the pattern of action potentials received. 
C)  tastant molecules are airborne, whereas odorant molecules are dissolved in fluids. 
D)  distinguishing tastant molecules requires learning, whereas smell discrimination is an innate process. 
E)  odorants bind to receptor proteins, but none of the tastant stimuli will bind to receptors.

Question 3

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions.
   Figure 38.1
-In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 4

The cochlea is an organ of auditory transduction that contains

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid and cells that can undergo mechanosensory transduction. 
B)  air and cells that produce wax. 
C)  air and small bones that vibrate in response to sound waves. 
D)  fluid with stacks of chemosensory cells. 
E)  air and statocysts activated by movement. 
A)  fluid and cells that can undergo mechanosensory transduction. 
B)  air and cells that produce wax. 
C)  air and small bones that vibrate in response to sound waves. 
D)  fluid with stacks of chemosensory cells. 
E)  air and statocysts activated by movement.

Question 5

The next questions refer to the diagram of the ear in Figure 38.3.
   Figure 38.3
-The sense of head motion begins with sensory transduction by the structures at which numbers?

Accepted Answer

A)  2, 3, and 4 
B)  2, 5, and 7 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  7 and 8 
A)  2, 3, and 4 
B)  2, 5, and 7 
C)  4 
D)  5 
E)  7 and 8

Question 6

The pathway leading to the perception of sound by mammals begins with the

Accepted Answer

A)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the basilar membrane, coming in contact with the tectorial membrane. 
B)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the tympanic membrane, coming in contact with the tectorial membrane. 
C)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the tectorial membrane, coming in contact with the basilar membrane. 
D)  hair cells of the organ of Corti coming in contact with the tectorial membrane as a result of fluid waves in the cochlea causing vibrations in the round window. 
E)  hair cells on the tympanic membrane as a result of fluid waves in the cochlea causing vibrations in the round window. 
A)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the basilar membrane, coming in contact with the tectorial membrane. 
B)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the tympanic membrane, coming in contact with the tectorial membrane. 
C)  hair cells of the organ of Corti, which rests on the tectorial membrane, coming in contact with the basilar membrane. 
D)  hair cells of the organ of Corti coming in contact with the tectorial membrane as a result of fluid waves in the cochlea causing vibrations in the round window. 
E)  hair cells on the tympanic membrane as a result of fluid waves in the cochlea causing vibrations in the round window.

Question 7

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions.
   Figure 38.1
-In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the amygdala?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 8

The sand grains or other dense materials resting on mechanoreceptors used by most invertebrates to sense gravity are called

Accepted Answer

A)  cochlea. 
B)  statoliths. 
C)  stapes. 
D)  pinnae. 
E)  antennae. 
A)  cochlea. 
B)  statoliths. 
C)  stapes. 
D)  pinnae. 
E)  antennae.

Question 9

An organism that lacks integration centers

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot receive stimuli. 
B)  will not have a nervous system. 
C)  will not be able to interpret stimuli. 
D)  can be expected to lack myelinated neurons. 
A)  cannot receive stimuli. 
B)  will not have a nervous system. 
C)  will not be able to interpret stimuli. 
D)  can be expected to lack myelinated neurons.

Question 10

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving the

Accepted Answer

A)  degree of convolutions in the brain's surface. 
B)  evolution of the telencephalon. 
C)  sequence of developmental specialization. 
D)  chemicals involved in brain communications. 
E)  nature of the blood-brain barrier. 
A)  degree of convolutions in the brain's surface. 
B)  evolution of the telencephalon. 
C)  sequence of developmental specialization. 
D)  chemicals involved in brain communications. 
E)  nature of the blood-brain barrier.

Question 11

The middle ear converts

Accepted Answer

A)  air pressure waves to fluid pressure waves. 
B)  fluid pressure waves to air pressure waves. 
C)  air pressure waves to nerve impulses. 
D)  fluid pressure waves to nerve impulses. 
E)  pressure waves to hair cell movements. 
A)  air pressure waves to fluid pressure waves. 
B)  fluid pressure waves to air pressure waves. 
C)  air pressure waves to nerve impulses. 
D)  fluid pressure waves to nerve impulses. 
E)  pressure waves to hair cell movements.

Question 12

An earthworm without a statocyst would not be able to

Accepted Answer

A)  move. 
B)  sense light. 
C)  hear. 
D)  orient with respect to gravity. 
E)  respond to touch. 
A)  move. 
B)  sense light. 
C)  hear. 
D)  orient with respect to gravity. 
E)  respond to touch.

Question 13

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions.
   Figure 38.1
-In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the hippocampus?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 14

Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a difference in which axon transfers the information to the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  white and red 
B)  red and green 
C)  loud and faint 
D)  salty and sweet 
E)  spicy and cool 
A)  white and red 
B)  red and green 
C)  loud and faint 
D)  salty and sweet 
E)  spicy and cool

Question 15

It can be very difficult to select an angle for sneaking up to a grasshopper to catch it because grasshoppers have

Accepted Answer

A)  excellent hearing for detecting predators. 
B)  compound eyes with multiple ommatidia. 
C)  eyes with multiple fovea. 
D)  a camera-like eye with multiple fovea. 
E)  binocular vision. 
A)  excellent hearing for detecting predators. 
B)  compound eyes with multiple ommatidia. 
C)  eyes with multiple fovea. 
D)  a camera-like eye with multiple fovea. 
E)  binocular vision.

Question 16

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair the function of the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary visual cortex. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  optic chiasma. 
D)  sense of taste. 
E)  sense of touch. 
A)  primary visual cortex. 
B)  thalamus. 
C)  optic chiasma. 
D)  sense of taste. 
E)  sense of touch.

Question 17

A rod exposed to light will

Accepted Answer

A)  fire action potentials that will increase its release of glutamate. 
B)  undergo a graded depolarization that will increase its release of glutamate. 
C)  undergo a graded hyperpolarization that will increase its release of glutamate. 
D)  undergo a graded depolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate. 
E)  undergo a graded hyperpolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate. 
A)  fire action potentials that will increase its release of glutamate. 
B)  undergo a graded depolarization that will increase its release of glutamate. 
C)  undergo a graded hyperpolarization that will increase its release of glutamate. 
D)  undergo a graded depolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate. 
E)  undergo a graded hyperpolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate.

Question 18

A ligand for the umami receptor in the sense of taste is

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose. 
B)  sodium ions. 
C)  potassium ions. 
D)  hydrogen ions. 
E)  monosodium glutamate. 
A)  glucose. 
B)  sodium ions. 
C)  potassium ions. 
D)  hydrogen ions. 
E)  monosodium glutamate.

Question 19

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

Accepted Answer

A)  a more advanced cerebellum. 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers. 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei. 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area. 
A)  a more advanced cerebellum. 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers. 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei. 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area.

Question 20

The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  circadian rhythm. 
D)  foot-tapping rhythm. 
E)  breath holding. 
A)  short-term memory. 
B)  long-term memory. 
C)  circadian rhythm. 
D)  foot-tapping rhythm. 
E)  breath holding.

Exam 38: Nervous and Sensory Systems

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the

Tastes and smells are distinct kinds of environmental information in that

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions. Figure 38.1 -In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the hypothalamus?

The cochlea is an organ of auditory transduction that contains

The next questions refer to the diagram of the ear in Figure 38.3. Figure 38.3 -The sense of head motion begins with sensory transduction by the structures at which numbers?

The pathway leading to the perception of sound by mammals begins with the

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions. Figure 38.1 -In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the amygdala?

The sand grains or other dense materials resting on mechanoreceptors used by most invertebrates to sense gravity are called

An organism that lacks integration centers

Our understanding of mental illness has been most advanced by discoveries involving the

The middle ear converts

An earthworm without a statocyst would not be able to

Refer to the illustration of the limbic system in Figure 38.1 to help answer the next few questions. Figure 38.1 -In Figure 38.1, which letter points to the hippocampus?

Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a difference in which axon transfers the information to the brain?

It can be very difficult to select an angle for sneaking up to a grasshopper to catch it because grasshoppers have

An injury to the occipital lobe will likely impair the function of the

A rod exposed to light will

A ligand for the umami receptor in the sense of taste is

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted neocortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have

The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

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Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

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The Origin of Species

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The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

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Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

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Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

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