Question 1

One possible result of chromosomal breakage is for a fragment to join a nonhomologous chromosome. What is this alteration called?

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion 
B)  transversion 
C)  inversion 
D)  translocation 
E)  duplication 
A)  deletion 
B)  transversion 
C)  inversion 
D)  translocation 
E)  duplication

Question 2

Which of the following is the meaning of the chromosome theory of inheritance as expressed in the early 20th century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals inherit particular chromosomes attached to genes. 
B)  Mendelian genes are at specific loci on the chromosome and in turn segregate during meiosis. 
C)  Homologous chromosomes give rise to some genes and crossover chromosomes to other genes. 
D)  No more than a single pair of chromosomes can be found in a healthy normal cell. 
E)  Natural selection acts on certain chromosome arrays rather than on genes. 
A)  Individuals inherit particular chromosomes attached to genes. 
B)  Mendelian genes are at specific loci on the chromosome and in turn segregate during meiosis. 
C)  Homologous chromosomes give rise to some genes and crossover chromosomes to other genes. 
D)  No more than a single pair of chromosomes can be found in a healthy normal cell. 
E)  Natural selection acts on certain chromosome arrays rather than on genes.

Question 3

Cinnabar eyes is a sex-linked recessive characteristic in fruit flies. If a female having cinnabar eyes is crossed with a wild-type male, what percentage of the F1 males will have cinnabar eyes?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 4

What is a syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  a characteristic facial appearance 
B)  a group of traits, all of which must be present if an aneuploidy is to be diagnosed 
C)  a group of traits typically found in conjunction with a particular chromosomal aberration or gene mutation 
D)  a characteristic trait usually given the discoverer's name 
E)  a characteristic that only appears in conjunction with one specific aneuploidy 
A)  a characteristic facial appearance 
B)  a group of traits, all of which must be present if an aneuploidy is to be diagnosed 
C)  a group of traits typically found in conjunction with a particular chromosomal aberration or gene mutation 
D)  a characteristic trait usually given the discoverer's name 
E)  a characteristic that only appears in conjunction with one specific aneuploidy

Question 5

An inversion in a human chromosome often results in no demonstrable phenotypic effect in the individual. What else may occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  There may be deletions later in life. 
B)  Some abnormal gametes may be formed. 
C)  There is an increased frequency of mutation. 
D)  All inverted chromosomes are deleted. 
E)  The individual is more likely to get cancer. 
A)  There may be deletions later in life. 
B)  Some abnormal gametes may be formed. 
C)  There is an increased frequency of mutation. 
D)  All inverted chromosomes are deleted. 
E)  The individual is more likely to get cancer.

Question 6

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a serious condition caused by a recessive allele of a gene on the human X chromosome. The patients have muscles that weaken over time because they have absent or decreased dystrophin, a muscle protein. They rarely live past their 20s. How likely is it for a woman to have this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women can never have this condition. 
B)  One-half of the daughters of an affected man would have this condition. 
C)  One-fourth of the daughters of an affected father and a carrier mother could have this condition. 
D)  Very rarely: it is rare that an affected male would mate with a carrier female. 
E)  Only if a woman is XXX could she have this condition. 
A)  Women can never have this condition. 
B)  One-half of the daughters of an affected man would have this condition. 
C)  One-fourth of the daughters of an affected father and a carrier mother could have this condition. 
D)  Very rarely: it is rare that an affected male would mate with a carrier female. 
E)  Only if a woman is XXX could she have this condition.

Exam 12: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

One possible result of chromosomal breakage is for a fragment to join a nonhomologous chromosome. What is this alteration called?

Which of the following is the meaning of the chromosome theory of inheritance as expressed in the early 20th century?

Cinnabar eyes is a sex-linked recessive characteristic in fruit flies. If a female having cinnabar eyes is crossed with a wild-type male, what percentage of the F1 males will have cinnabar eyes?

What is a syndrome?

An inversion in a human chromosome often results in no demonstrable phenotypic effect in the individual. What else may occur?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Species Interactions

Ecosystems and Energy

Global Ecology and Conservation Biology

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