Exam 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing Thoughts and Feelings

The three parts that form our evaluations of attitude objects are

Paul has a very positive reaction to the smell of wood smoke.In all likelihood,this is because the smell of a fire reminds him of wonderful winter days he spent as a child in front of the fireplace at his grandparents' cabin in the north woods.This example illustrates ____ as a basis for affectively based attitudes.

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that when you cannot find sufficient external justification for your actions,you will attempt to find ____ which can lead to attitude change.

Just after the tragic events of September 11,2001,President George W.Bush's performance ratings soared from a low of 50 percent to a high of 82 percent,only to fall back to 53 percent a month later.This phenomenon suggests that

Which of the following is most closely related to the notion of behaviorally based attitudes?

You're convinced that if your self-esteem were only higher,you would achieve more in your work and be happier in your life.Should you purchase an audiotape containing subliminal messages to raise your self- esteem? Why or why not?

People tend to evaluate what they see in the world

Recall that in the 1930s,when anti-Asian prejudice was commonplace in the United States,Richard LaPiere (1934)had no trouble finding pleasant accommodations for himself and his Chinese traveling companions.Surprised,LaPiere later sent letters to the establishments they visited,asking whether Chinese visitors would be welcome.More than 90 percent of those who responded replied that they definitely would not accommodate Chinese.Although LaPiere's study suggests that there is a weak link between attitudes and behavior,his results should be interpreted with caution.Why?

Abraham Tesser (1993)suggests-based on studies of twins-that some attitudes are linked to

Your municipality is in need of tax revenues,and a volunteer asks you to sign a petition that supports raising taxes on liquor and cigarettes rather than increasing property taxes to generate revenue.You neither drink nor smoke,and you do not own property.If the volunteer wants to persuade you to sign the petition,she should

A public service ad on television shows a young boy resisting the attempts of someone off camera to persuade him to accept drugs.The boy resists each and every enticement (e.g.,"It'll make you fly!" or "Come on,this one's free!").The camera then pans back,and the boy's father hugs him and says,"Good job,son!" This ad illustrates the use of ____ to increase resistance to attitude change.

Recall that Andrew Davidson and James Jaccard (1979)studied the relationship between women's attitudes and their use of the birth control pill.These researchers found that the best predictor of whether women were using the birth control pill two years after reporting their attitudes was their

The authors of your text suggest that when trying to determine our attitude about something,we often rely on the ____ heuristic.

In order to change attitudes about something on a mass scale,whether it is a product,a social problem,or a political candidate,it would be best to use

George is trying to decide which of two used cars to buy.He test drives each,listening to the radio while he does so.While he is test driving the Honda,his favorite song comes on the radio.George tells his friend,"I know the Toyota is a bit better of a deal,but somehow the Honda just feels better to me." If the reason that the Honda feels better is that George liked the song that he heard while driving it,his decision is being influenced by

Imagine that you are trying to persuade an audience to buy your brand of toothbrush.You know that the audience's attitudes about toothbrushes are cognitively based.You should construct an argument that emphasizes

In all likelihood,attitudes toward ____ are affectively based,and stem from ____.

You are reading a billboard that says,"L&H shoes: comfort and style for your whole family." Where would such an ad be most effective,according to research by Han & Shavitt (1994)on cultural differences in persuasion?

You have observed that there is more litter around signs that say "$500 fine for littering" than around signs that say "Please keep our state clean." What social psychological theory would you use to explain this observation?

____ theory posits that when people feel their freedom threatened,they will work to restore it by performing the threatened behavior.