Exam 42: A: Trait Theories, Social A:cognitive Theories, and the Self

People who describe themselves as outgoing may also say they like excitement and practical jokes. This cluster of behavior tendencies that occur together reflects a basic

Animals who are able to escape shocks in one laboratory situation learn ________ and easily escape shocks in a new laboratory situation.

Martin Seligman advocates a positive psychology, which focuses on topics such as

Evidence of the impact of biology on personality traits includes the fact that

The stability of personality traits over time is greatest among

Impressions of just a few seconds of a teacher's expressive style are consistent with impressions of the teacher's expressive style over an entire semester. This best illustrates the importance of

A behavior trait refers to a pattern of behavior that is

Compared with those who perceive an internal locus of control, individuals with an external locus of control are

The tendency to accept more personal responsibility for one's successes than for one's failures best illustrates

Which perspective most clearly emphasizes the interactive influences of traits and situations on human behavior?

The Big Five is the term currently used to refer to basic

According to social-cognitive theories, the best predictor of students' academic success in college would be their

Excessive self-confidence is especially likely to be facilitated by the difficulty in recognizing

After picking one of 28 flavors of ice cream, people may regret bypassing some of the remaining flavors. Their regret best illustrates a consequence of

Because she is often rejected by her parents, Sally mistrusts other people and treats them with hostility, which leads to their rejection of her. This cycle of rejection, mistrust, hostility, and further rejection illustrates what is meant by

Brenda has never cheated on a psychology test, but she often does so on chemistry tests. She recently stole some merchandise from a local store, but she also returned a lost billfold along with $28 to its rightful owner. This pattern of behavior should make psychologists more cautious about emphasizing the consistent impact of ________ on behavior.

Over the last few years, Mr. Helmus has been obsessed with bizarre thoughts and has become increasingly agitated and socially withdrawn. Which personality inventory would be most helpful for assessing the nature and severity of his symptoms?

Positive psychology is an umbrella term for the study of positive

Julio believes that no matter how hard he works, the "system" is so biased against his ethnic group that he will be unable to achieve economic success. Julio's thinking most clearly demonstrates

Professor Halasa perceives shy, inhibited styles of behavior to be the interactive outcome of cultural expectations, autonomic nervous system reactivity, and unconscious thought processes. The professor's views best illustrate a(n) ________ approach.