Question 1

GABA acts as an autocrine at GABAB receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What type of synapse occurs between an axon terminal of one neuron and the cell body of another neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) dendroaxonic 
B) axodendritic 
C) somatoaxonic 
D) axoaxonic 
E) axosomatic 
A) dendroaxonic 
B) axodendritic 
C) somatoaxonic 
D) axoaxonic 
E) axosomatic

Question 3

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can occur as either fast or slow responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In the presence of active chloride ion transport within a neuron, the opening of chloride channels will result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) absence of any chloride movement 
B) depolarization of the cell 
C) net movement of chloride out of the cell 
D) movement of chloride equally in both directions 
E) net movement of chloride into the cell 
A) absence of any chloride movement 
B) depolarization of the cell 
C) net movement of chloride out of the cell 
D) movement of chloride equally in both directions 
E) net movement of chloride into the cell

Question 5

Figure 8.1
-What is occurring in Step 2 of Figure 8.1, and how is that process originated?

Accepted Answer

A) fast receptor opens an ion channel that is part of the receptor : reuptake 
B) slow receptor can open or close an ion channel by G protein coupling between receptor and ion channel : neurotransmitter release 
C) receptor that can stimulate a cellular response by gating its ion channel : stimulating a G protein to gate an ion channel 
D) influx of calcium : depolarization causes voltage- gated calcium channels to open 
E) remove neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft : reuptake 
A) fast receptor opens an ion channel that is part of the receptor : reuptake 
B) slow receptor can open or close an ion channel by G protein coupling between receptor and ion channel : neurotransmitter release 
C) receptor that can stimulate a cellular response by gating its ion channel : stimulating a G protein to gate an ion channel 
D) influx of calcium : depolarization causes voltage- gated calcium channels to open 
E) remove neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft : reuptake

Question 6

Histidine, tyrosine, and tryptophan all go on to become what class of neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A) catecholamines 
B) biogenic amines 
C) purines 
D) amino acid transmitters 
E) neuropeptides 
A) catecholamines 
B) biogenic amines 
C) purines 
D) amino acid transmitters 
E) neuropeptides

Question 7

What happens to the resting membrane potential of - 70 mV when sodium leak channels close?

Accepted Answer

A) returns to - 70 mV 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) depolarization 
E) membrane stabilization 
A) returns to - 70 mV 
B) repolarization 
C) hyperpolarization 
D) depolarization 
E) membrane stabilization

Question 8

The binding of a neurotransmitter to its receptor at an inhibitory synapse can lead to the of _ channels.

Accepted Answer

A) closing : chloride 
B) opening : sodium 
C) closure : potassium 
D) opening : calcium 
E) opening : potassium 
A) closing : chloride 
B) opening : sodium 
C) closure : potassium 
D) opening : calcium 
E) opening : potassium

Question 9

Temporal summation is less likely to occur when the receptor that has been activated is a (fast / slow)receptor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Temporal summation is less likely to occur...

Question 10

An example of a slow excitatory postsynaptic potential that involves closure of potassium channels relies on cAMP produced by what enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) protein kinase A 
B) adenylate cyclase 
C) G protein 
D) protein kinase C 
E) phosphodiesterase 
A) protein kinase A 
B) adenylate cyclase 
C) G protein 
D) protein kinase C 
E) phosphodiesterase

Question 11

In the absence of active chloride ion transport, opening of chloride channels in a cell that has hyperpolarized will result in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) movement of chloride equally in both directions 
B) net movement of chloride into the cell 
C) net movement of chloride out of the cell 
D) depolarization of the cell 
E) absence of any chloride movement 
A) movement of chloride equally in both directions 
B) net movement of chloride into the cell 
C) net movement of chloride out of the cell 
D) depolarization of the cell 
E) absence of any chloride movement

Question 12

Suprathreshold graded potentials within a neuron can generate action potential(s)at the axon hillock, which allows for the _ of the magnitude of the stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) a single : amplitude coding 
B) multiple : frequency coding 
C) multiple : amplitude coding 
D) several : amplitude coding 
E) a single : frequency coding 
A) a single : amplitude coding 
B) multiple : frequency coding 
C) multiple : amplitude coding 
D) several : amplitude coding 
E) a single : frequency coding

Question 13

What channels are the most abundant type of voltage- gated channel within the axon terminal and are responsible for the release of neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) voltage- gated adrenergic channels 
B) voltage- gated calcium channels 
C) voltage- gated cholinergic channels 
D) voltage- gated potassium channels 
E) voltage- gated sodium channels 
A) voltage- gated adrenergic channels 
B) voltage- gated calcium channels 
C) voltage- gated cholinergic channels 
D) voltage- gated potassium channels 
E) voltage- gated sodium channels

Question 14

Neural integration occurs at a neuron's cell body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Divergence in neurophysiology refers to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the presence of EPSPs and IPSPs on a neuron at the same time 
B) the arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal 
C) the level of depolarization required to generate an action potential 
D) the communication of one neuron to several postsynaptic cells 
E) the summation of graded potentials to determine whether or not an action potential will be generated 
A) the presence of EPSPs and IPSPs on a neuron at the same time 
B) the arrival of an action potential at the axon terminal 
C) the level of depolarization required to generate an action potential 
D) the communication of one neuron to several postsynaptic cells 
E) the summation of graded potentials to determine whether or not an action potential will be generated

Question 16

The binding of a neurotransmitter to its receptor at an inhibitory synapse can lead to the of _ channels.

Accepted Answer

A) closure : chloride 
B) opening : calcium 
C) opening : chloride 
D) closure : potassium 
E) opening : sodium 
A) closure : chloride 
B) opening : calcium 
C) opening : chloride 
D) closure : potassium 
E) opening : sodium

Question 17

Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytosol and actively transported into synaptic vesicles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The synthesis of acetylcholine involves an enzyme called , which is present within the axonal cytosol and is responsible for converting into acetylcholine + CoA.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholinesterase : choline 
B) choline acetyl transferase : acetyl CoA + choline 
C) choline acetyl transferase : acetyl CoA 
D) acetylcholinesterase : acetyl CoA + choline 
E) choline acetyl transferase : choline + acetate 
A) acetylcholinesterase : choline 
B) choline acetyl transferase : acetyl CoA + choline 
C) choline acetyl transferase : acetyl CoA 
D) acetylcholinesterase : acetyl CoA + choline 
E) choline acetyl transferase : choline + acetate

Question 19

Connexons are a necessary component of electrical synapses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following chemicals is NOT a known neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C) acetylcholine 
D) substance P 
E) nitric oxide 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C) acetylcholine 
D) substance P 
E) nitric oxide

Exam 8: Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

GABA acts as an autocrine at GABAB receptors.

What type of synapse occurs between an axon terminal of one neuron and the cell body of another neuron?

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials can occur as either fast or slow responses.

In the presence of active chloride ion transport within a neuron, the opening of chloride channels will result in which of the following?

Figure 8.1 -What is occurring in Step 2 of Figure 8.1, and how is that process originated?

Histidine, tyrosine, and tryptophan all go on to become what class of neurotransmitters?

What happens to the resting membrane potential of - 70 mV when sodium leak channels close?

The binding of a neurotransmitter to its receptor at an inhibitory synapse can lead to the of _ channels.

Temporal summation is less likely to occur when the receptor that has been activated is a (fast / slow)receptor.

An example of a slow excitatory postsynaptic potential that involves closure of potassium channels relies on cAMP produced by what enzyme?

In the absence of active chloride ion transport, opening of chloride channels in a cell that has hyperpolarized will result in which of the following?

Suprathreshold graded potentials within a neuron can generate action potential(s)at the axon hillock, which allows for the _ of the magnitude of the stimulus.

What channels are the most abundant type of voltage- gated channel within the axon terminal and are responsible for the release of neurotransmitter?

Neural integration occurs at a neuron's cell body.

Divergence in neurophysiology refers to which of the following?

The binding of a neurotransmitter to its receptor at an inhibitory synapse can lead to the of _ channels.

Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytosol and actively transported into synaptic vesicles.

The synthesis of acetylcholine involves an enzyme called , which is present within the axonal cytosol and is responsible for converting into acetylcholine + CoA.

Connexons are a necessary component of electrical synapses.

Which of the following chemicals is NOT a known neurotransmitter?

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

Filters