Question 1

Alpha- helixes and fi- pleated sheets are examples of structures of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary

Question 2

Which microtubular proteins are responsible for the distribution of chromosomes during cell division?

Accepted Answer

A) keratin 
B) tubulin 
C) myosin 
D) spindle fibers 
E) actin 
A) keratin 
B) tubulin 
C) myosin 
D) spindle fibers 
E) actin

Question 3

Which of the following components of the plasma membrane forms ion channels?

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral membrane proteins 
B) phospholipids 
C) cholesterol 
D) transmembrane proteins 
E) transmembrane glycolipids 
A) peripheral membrane proteins 
B) phospholipids 
C) cholesterol 
D) transmembrane proteins 
E) transmembrane glycolipids

Question 4

What enzyme catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain during replication?

Accepted Answer

A) chromatin 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) histone 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) helicase 
A) chromatin 
B) DNA polymerase 
C) histone 
D) RNA polymerase 
E) helicase

Question 5

The junctions created by intermediate filaments which penetrate the membranes between two cells at the site of protein plaques, thereby forming strong linkage between the two cells, are also known as

Accepted Answer

A) desmosomes. 
B) basal lamina. 
C) tight junctions. 
D) hemidesmosomes. 
E) gap junctions. 
A) desmosomes. 
B) basal lamina. 
C) tight junctions. 
D) hemidesmosomes. 
E) gap junctions.

Question 6

Based upon a sequence of 15 nucleotides in a strand of DNA, what is the maximum amount of amino acids produced?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 50 
D) 2 
E) 7 
A) 3 
B) 5 
C) 50 
D) 2 
E) 7

Question 7

In order for tissues to maintain their structure and function, there must be some way for cells to adhere to their neighbors. Describe the adhesion proteins that function in coupling one cell to the next.

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions are composed of integral

Question 8

What is the correct order for the following list of steps for initiating translation? 1. Binding of initiator tRNA to mRNA
2) Binding of large ribosomal subunit to mRNA
3) Binding of small ribosomal subunit to mRNA
4) Binding of a 2nd tRNA with its amino acid to the A site
5) Formation of covalent bond between methionine and second amino acid

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
C) 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 
D) 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 
E) 2, 3, 1, 4, 5 
A) 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
C) 3, 1, 2, 4, 5 
D) 3, 2, 1, 4, 5 
E) 2, 3, 1, 4, 5

Question 9

The leader sequence of any protein that has just been translated functions to

Accepted Answer

A) determine the destination of the protein. 
B) end translation of a protein. 
C) initiate degradation of an incomplete protein. 
D) keep the protein in the cytosol. 
E) stimulate translation of a protein. 
A) determine the destination of the protein. 
B) end translation of a protein. 
C) initiate degradation of an incomplete protein. 
D) keep the protein in the cytosol. 
E) stimulate translation of a protein.

Question 10

The cytoskeleton suspends the organelles within the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If guanine makes up 29% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA, what percentage of the sample would be adenine?

Accepted Answer

A) 11 
B) 35 
C) 42 
D) 21 
E) 29 
A) 11 
B) 35 
C) 42 
D) 21 
E) 29

Question 12

are membrane- bound organelles containing enzymes that degrade cellular and extracellular debris.

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondria 
B) Peroxisomes 
C) Vaults 
D) Lysosomes 
E) Ribosomes 
A) Mitochondria 
B) Peroxisomes 
C) Vaults 
D) Lysosomes 
E) Ribosomes

Question 13

Glycoproteins have a glycogen molecule covalently bound to a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a possible destination for proteins that are completely synthesized on ribosomes free in the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion 
B) secreted from the cell 
C) peroxisome 
D) nucleus 
E) remains in cytosol 
A) mitochondrion 
B) secreted from the cell 
C) peroxisome 
D) nucleus 
E) remains in cytosol

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) A single gene contains only those nucleotides that code for a single protein. 
B) The promoter sequence is found on the antisense strand of DNA. 
C) A single codon may code for more than one amino acid. 
D) Termination codons do not code for amino acids. 
E) The tRNA anticodon is complementary to the mRNA codon, and therefore is identical to the gene's DNA triplet. 
A) A single gene contains only those nucleotides that code for a single protein. 
B) The promoter sequence is found on the antisense strand of DNA. 
C) A single codon may code for more than one amino acid. 
D) Termination codons do not code for amino acids. 
E) The tRNA anticodon is complementary to the mRNA codon, and therefore is identical to the gene's DNA triplet.

Question 16

What is the extensively branched polymer of hexose found in animals?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen 
B) starch 
C) rRNA 
D) lactose 
E) glucose 
A) glycogen 
B) starch 
C) rRNA 
D) lactose 
E) glucose

Question 17

Where is the genetic code stored?

Accepted Answer

A) vaults 
B) heart 
C) nucleus 
D) brain 
E) cytoplasm 
A) vaults 
B) heart 
C) nucleus 
D) brain 
E) cytoplasm

Question 18

All of the organelles present within a cell are not bound by membranes. Describe the non- membrane- bound organelles that are found in cells.

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are dense granules composed of

Question 19

Describe the process of gene transcription, including how that process is regulated.

Accepted Answer

The section of DNA that contains a gene

Question 20

Intercellular communication can occur through the binding of a chemical released from one cell to a specific on another cell.

Accepted Answer

A) organelle 
B) phagosome 
C) receptor 
D) clathrin- coated vesicle 
E) nucleus 
A) organelle 
B) phagosome 
C) receptor 
D) clathrin- coated vesicle 
E) nucleus

Exam 2: The Cell: Structure and Function

Alpha- helixes and fi- pleated sheets are examples of structures of a protein.

Which microtubular proteins are responsible for the distribution of chromosomes during cell division?

Which of the following components of the plasma membrane forms ion channels?

What enzyme catalyzes the reaction whereby nucleotides are added to the polynucleotide chain during replication?

The junctions created by intermediate filaments which penetrate the membranes between two cells at the site of protein plaques, thereby forming strong linkage between the two cells, are also known as

Based upon a sequence of 15 nucleotides in a strand of DNA, what is the maximum amount of amino acids produced?

In order for tissues to maintain their structure and function, there must be some way for cells to adhere to their neighbors. Describe the adhesion proteins that function in coupling one cell to the next.

The leader sequence of any protein that has just been translated functions to

The cytoskeleton suspends the organelles within the cytoplasm.

If guanine makes up 29% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA, what percentage of the sample would be adenine?

are membrane- bound organelles containing enzymes that degrade cellular and extracellular debris.

Glycoproteins have a glycogen molecule covalently bound to a protein.

Which of the following is NOT a possible destination for proteins that are completely synthesized on ribosomes free in the cytosol?

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is TRUE?

What is the extensively branched polymer of hexose found in animals?

Where is the genetic code stored?

All of the organelles present within a cell are not bound by membranes. Describe the non- membrane- bound organelles that are found in cells.

Describe the process of gene transcription, including how that process is regulated.

Intercellular communication can occur through the binding of a chemical released from one cell to a specific on another cell.

Introduction to Physiology

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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