Question 1

The presence of chemical groups makes carbohydrates .

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyl : nonpolar 
B) carboxyl : polar and acidic 
C) hydroxyl : polar 
D) amino : polar 
E) amino : acidic 
A) hydroxyl : nonpolar 
B) carboxyl : polar and acidic 
C) hydroxyl : polar 
D) amino : polar 
E) amino : acidic

Question 2

are proteins that form channels between cells, allowing ions and small molecules to diffuse directly from one cell to the other.

Accepted Answer

A) Connexins 
B) Cadherins 
C) Tubulins 
D) Dyneins 
E) Occludins 
A) Connexins 
B) Cadherins 
C) Tubulins 
D) Dyneins 
E) Occludins

Question 3

Detoxifying enzymes may be localized in what organelle?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) lysosomes 
D) peroxisomes 
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) mitochondria 
B) Golgi apparatus 
C) lysosomes 
D) peroxisomes 
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

What structure separates the nucleus from the cytosol?

Accepted Answer

A) matrix 
B) nucleolus 
C) plasma membrane 
D) nuclear envelope 
E) nuclear pore 
A) matrix 
B) nucleolus 
C) plasma membrane 
D) nuclear envelope 
E) nuclear pore

Question 5

are molecules that contain primarily carbons and hydrogens linked together by nonpolar covalent bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) Nucleotides 
B) Polysaccharides 
C) Lipids 
D) Proteins 
E) Carbohydrates 
A) Nucleotides 
B) Polysaccharides 
C) Lipids 
D) Proteins 
E) Carbohydrates

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an amphipathic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) connexon 
B) phospholipid 
C) glucose 
D) integral membrane protein 
E) glycolipid 
A) connexon 
B) phospholipid 
C) glucose 
D) integral membrane protein 
E) glycolipid

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A) metaphase 
B) prophase 
C) telophase 
D) meiosis 
E) anaphase 
A) metaphase 
B) prophase 
C) telophase 
D) meiosis 
E) anaphase

Question 8

The initiator codon, that originates translation, codes for the amino acid

Accepted Answer

A) proline. 
B) tyrosine. 
C) arginine. 
D) leucine. 
E) methionine. 
A) proline. 
B) tyrosine. 
C) arginine. 
D) leucine. 
E) methionine.

Question 9

In the digestive tract, absorption is controlled by mechanisms on the cell's apical membrane surface. What type of physical barriers would be in place to keep these mechanisms from being circumnavigated?

Accepted Answer

A) microvilli 
B) desmosomes 
C) tight junctions 
D) gap junctions 
E) carrier proteins 
A) microvilli 
B) desmosomes 
C) tight junctions 
D) gap junctions 
E) carrier proteins

Question 10

What organelle contains alcohol dehydrogenase, used in the liver to metabolize alcohol?

Accepted Answer

A) liposomes 
B) peroxisomes 
C) proteasomes 
D) lysosomes 
E) desmosomes 
A) liposomes 
B) peroxisomes 
C) proteasomes 
D) lysosomes 
E) desmosomes

Question 11

During translation, is synthesized in the .

Accepted Answer

A) RNA : cytoplasm 
B) RNA : nucleus 
C) protein : nucleus 
D) protein : cytoplasm 
E) DNA : nucleus 
A) RNA : cytoplasm 
B) RNA : nucleus 
C) protein : nucleus 
D) protein : cytoplasm 
E) DNA : nucleus

Question 12

What happens at the P site of a ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A) It contains the enzyme that catalyzes formation of a peptide bond. 
B) It causes the ribosome to attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) It has the binding site for mRNA. 
D) It holds the tRNA with the most recent amino acid that has been added to the polypeptide chain. 
E) It holds the tRNA with the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain. 
A) It contains the enzyme that catalyzes formation of a peptide bond. 
B) It causes the ribosome to attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) It has the binding site for mRNA. 
D) It holds the tRNA with the most recent amino acid that has been added to the polypeptide chain. 
E) It holds the tRNA with the next amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain.

Question 13

What is the level of structure that corresponds to the chemical interactions between R groups within the same polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary

Question 14

Keratin is an example of which type of cytoskeletal protein?

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules 
B) intermediate filaments 
C) tight junctions 
D) microfilaments 
E) centrioles 
A) microtubules 
B) intermediate filaments 
C) tight junctions 
D) microfilaments 
E) centrioles

Question 15

Post- transcriptional processing adds a(n)to the 3' end of the mRNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) cap 
B) intron 
C) poly A tail 
D) poly C tail 
E) exon 
A) cap 
B) intron 
C) poly A tail 
D) poly C tail 
E) exon

Question 16

The most common elements found in biomolecules are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and

Accepted Answer

A) chlorine. 
B) oxygen. 
C) phosphorous. 
D) calcium. 
E) potassium. 
A) chlorine. 
B) oxygen. 
C) phosphorous. 
D) calcium. 
E) potassium.

Question 17

During what phase of the cell cycle does cellular replication of DNA occur?

Accepted Answer

A) G0 
B) G1 
C) G2 
D) S 
E) mitosis 
A) G0 
B) G1 
C) G2 
D) S 
E) mitosis

Question 18

Which of the following descriptions of the function of the organelle is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. 
B) Calcium is stored in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) Breakdown of phagocytosed bacteria occurs in the peroxisomes. 
D) Packaging of secretory products into vesicles occurs in the Golgi apparatus. 
E) Peptide hormone synthesis occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
A) Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. 
B) Calcium is stored in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. 
C) Breakdown of phagocytosed bacteria occurs in the peroxisomes. 
D) Packaging of secretory products into vesicles occurs in the Golgi apparatus. 
E) Peptide hormone synthesis occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A) providing substrates for the citric acid cycle 
B) providing most of the energy for cellular processes 
C) providing electrons to the electron transport chain 
D) storing the genetic code 
E) expressing the genetic code 
A) providing substrates for the citric acid cycle 
B) providing most of the energy for cellular processes 
C) providing electrons to the electron transport chain 
D) storing the genetic code 
E) expressing the genetic code

Question 20

During what phase of cell division do two new nuclear envelopes begin to redevelop?

Accepted Answer

A) telophase 
B) interphase 
C) metaphase 
D) prophase 
E) anaphase 
A) telophase 
B) interphase 
C) metaphase 
D) prophase 
E) anaphase

Exam 2: The Cell: Structure and Function

The presence of chemical groups makes carbohydrates .

are proteins that form channels between cells, allowing ions and small molecules to diffuse directly from one cell to the other.

Detoxifying enzymes may be localized in what organelle?

What structure separates the nucleus from the cytosol?

are molecules that contain primarily carbons and hydrogens linked together by nonpolar covalent bonds.

Which of the following is NOT an amphipathic molecule?

Which of the following is NOT a phase of mitosis?

The initiator codon, that originates translation, codes for the amino acid

In the digestive tract, absorption is controlled by mechanisms on the cell's apical membrane surface. What type of physical barriers would be in place to keep these mechanisms from being circumnavigated?

What organelle contains alcohol dehydrogenase, used in the liver to metabolize alcohol?

During translation, is synthesized in the .

What happens at the P site of a ribosome?

What is the level of structure that corresponds to the chemical interactions between R groups within the same polypeptide chain?

Keratin is an example of which type of cytoskeletal protein?

Post- transcriptional processing adds a(n)to the 3' end of the mRNA molecule.

The most common elements found in biomolecules are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and

During what phase of the cell cycle does cellular replication of DNA occur?

Which of the following descriptions of the function of the organelle is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a function of nucleotides?

During what phase of cell division do two new nuclear envelopes begin to redevelop?

Introduction to Physiology

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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