Question 1

Thymine is a pyrimidine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following does NOT describe a part of post- transcriptional processing?

Accepted Answer

A) addition of a poly A tail at the 3' end 
B) capping of the 5' end 
C) splicing of nucleic acid fragments 
D) removal of the introns from the strand 
E) formation of bonds between a phosphate group and a sugar 
A) addition of a poly A tail at the 3' end 
B) capping of the 5' end 
C) splicing of nucleic acid fragments 
D) removal of the introns from the strand 
E) formation of bonds between a phosphate group and a sugar

Question 3

Okazaki fragments are

Accepted Answer

A) small sections of DNA that do not code for protein found within a gene. 
B) protein fragments released from a proteasome. 
C) small sections of newly formed DNA, built on the lagging (5' to 3')template strand. 
D) small sections of nonsense code found between genes. 
E) sections of newly formed DNA, built on the leading (3' to 5')template strand. 
A) small sections of DNA that do not code for protein found within a gene. 
B) protein fragments released from a proteasome. 
C) small sections of newly formed DNA, built on the lagging (5' to 3')template strand. 
D) small sections of nonsense code found between genes. 
E) sections of newly formed DNA, built on the leading (3' to 5')template strand.

Question 4

Ketoacids (a carboxylic acid group attached to a ketone)are often produced during fasting and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. What potential outcome of this would be of greatest concern?

Accepted Answer

A) weight loss 
B) disoriented thinking 
C) acetone breath 
D) burning ketone bodies 
E) ketoacidosis 
A) weight loss 
B) disoriented thinking 
C) acetone breath 
D) burning ketone bodies 
E) ketoacidosis

Question 5

Disulfide bridges contribute to the tertiary structure of proteins by covalent bonds between the sulfhydryl groups on two cysteine amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following correctly describes glycogen?

Accepted Answer

A) It helps to protect vital organs from damage. 
B) It serves as a structural component of human cells. 
C) It is an important storage polysaccharide found in animal tissues. 
D) It contains the genetic information found in cells. 
E) It forms the regulatory molecules known as enzymes. 
A) It helps to protect vital organs from damage. 
B) It serves as a structural component of human cells. 
C) It is an important storage polysaccharide found in animal tissues. 
D) It contains the genetic information found in cells. 
E) It forms the regulatory molecules known as enzymes.

Question 7

What strand of mRNA would be transcribed from the following strand of DNA: 5'AATG?

Accepted Answer

A) 3'UUAC 
B) 3'TTAC 
C) 5'GGUA 
D) 5'TTUC 
E) 5'UUGT 
A) 3'UUAC 
B) 3'TTAC 
C) 5'GGUA 
D) 5'TTUC 
E) 5'UUGT

Question 8

Describe the structure and function of nucleotides and nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides are composed of one or more

Question 9

The strand of DNA that gets transcribed to mRNA is called the

Accepted Answer

A) ribophorin. 
B) promoter sequence. 
C) intron strand. 
D) template strand. 
E) exon strand. 
A) ribophorin. 
B) promoter sequence. 
C) intron strand. 
D) template strand. 
E) exon strand.

Question 10

Of the five bases found in nucleic acids, which are purines and which are pyrimidines?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyrimidines = thymine and uracil : Purines = cytosine, adenine and guanosine 
B) Pyrimidines = cytosine, adenine and guanosine: Purines = thymine, and uracil 
C) Pyrimidines = cytosine, thymine and uracil : Purines = adenine and guanosine 
D) Pyrimidines = cytosine and uracil : Purines = adenine, thymine and guanosine 
E) Pyrimidines = adenine and guanosine: Purines = cytosine, thymine, and uracil 
A) Pyrimidines = thymine and uracil : Purines = cytosine, adenine and guanosine 
B) Pyrimidines = cytosine, adenine and guanosine: Purines = thymine, and uracil 
C) Pyrimidines = cytosine, thymine and uracil : Purines = adenine and guanosine 
D) Pyrimidines = cytosine and uracil : Purines = adenine, thymine and guanosine 
E) Pyrimidines = adenine and guanosine: Purines = cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Question 11

act(s)as the precursor to steroid molecules, many of which function as hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) Unsaturated fatty acids 
B) Phospholipids 
C) Saturated fatty acids 
D) Cholesterol 
E) Eicosanoids 
A) Unsaturated fatty acids 
B) Phospholipids 
C) Saturated fatty acids 
D) Cholesterol 
E) Eicosanoids

Question 12

What is the site where steroids are stored in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Golgi apparatus 
B) secretory vesicles 
C) lysosome 
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Steroids are lipid and will slide right through membranes; they cannot be stored in the cell. 
A) Golgi apparatus 
B) secretory vesicles 
C) lysosome 
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) Steroids are lipid and will slide right through membranes; they cannot be stored in the cell.

Question 13

Myosin is composed of what type of molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) intermediate filament 
B) integral protein 
C) microtubule 
D) microfilament 
E) globular protein 
A) intermediate filament 
B) integral protein 
C) microtubule 
D) microfilament 
E) globular protein

Question 14

The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

An acid is a molecule that acts as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) proton acceptor. 
B) hydrogen acceptor. 
C) hydroxide donor. 
D) electron donor. 
E) proton donor. 
A) proton acceptor. 
B) hydrogen acceptor. 
C) hydroxide donor. 
D) electron donor. 
E) proton donor.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) contraction 
B) mechanical support 
C) cellular movement 
D) suspension of organelles 
E) cellular catabolism 
A) contraction 
B) mechanical support 
C) cellular movement 
D) suspension of organelles 
E) cellular catabolism

Question 17

A fatty acid that contains three double bonds in its carbon chain is said to be

Accepted Answer

A) polyunsaturated. 
B) polysaturated. 
C) saturated. 
D) monounsaturated. 
E) hypersaturated. 
A) polyunsaturated. 
B) polysaturated. 
C) saturated. 
D) monounsaturated. 
E) hypersaturated.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonds is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They are important forces for tertiary structure of proteins. 
B) They are responsible for many of the unique properties of water. 
C) They are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged atoms. 
D) They can form between neighboring molecules. 
E) They can occur within a single molecule. 
A) They are important forces for tertiary structure of proteins. 
B) They are responsible for many of the unique properties of water. 
C) They are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged atoms. 
D) They can form between neighboring molecules. 
E) They can occur within a single molecule.

Question 19

What are masses of glycogen in the cytosol of some cells called?

Accepted Answer

A) inclusions 
B) stipplings 
C) granules 
D) Lewy bodies 
E) Heinz bodies 
A) inclusions 
B) stipplings 
C) granules 
D) Lewy bodies 
E) Heinz bodies

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a base in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) uracil 
B) thymine 
C) cytosine 
D) adenine 
E) guanine 
A) uracil 
B) thymine 
C) cytosine 
D) adenine 
E) guanine

Exam 2: The Cell: Structure and Function

Thymine is a pyrimidine.

Which of the following does NOT describe a part of post- transcriptional processing?

Okazaki fragments are

Ketoacids (a carboxylic acid group attached to a ketone)are often produced during fasting and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. What potential outcome of this would be of greatest concern?

Disulfide bridges contribute to the tertiary structure of proteins by covalent bonds between the sulfhydryl groups on two cysteine amino acids.

Which of the following correctly describes glycogen?

What strand of mRNA would be transcribed from the following strand of DNA: 5'AATG?

Describe the structure and function of nucleotides and nucleic acids.

The strand of DNA that gets transcribed to mRNA is called the

Of the five bases found in nucleic acids, which are purines and which are pyrimidines?

act(s)as the precursor to steroid molecules, many of which function as hormones.

What is the site where steroids are stored in the cell?

Myosin is composed of what type of molecule?

The Golgi apparatus sorts and packages proteins into vesicles targeted for their final destination.

An acid is a molecule that acts as a(n)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

A fatty acid that contains three double bonds in its carbon chain is said to be

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonds is FALSE?

What are masses of glycogen in the cytosol of some cells called?

Which of the following is NOT a base in RNA?

Introduction to Physiology

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System: Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

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